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Detection of nighttime sea fog/stratus over the Huang-hai Sea using MTSAT-1R IR data

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第2期28卷 23-35页

作者： GAO Shanhong WU Wei ZHU Leilei FU Gang HUANG Bin Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China shandong provincial {2. Institute Jinan 250031 China National meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

A dual channel difference （DCD） method is applied to detect nighttime sea fog/stratus over the Huanghai Sea using the infrared （IR） data of shortwave （3.5-4.0 μm） and longwave （10.3-11.3 μm） channels from the Multi-functional Transport Satellite （MTSAT）-IR, i.e., shortwave minus longwave brightness temperature difference （SLTD）. Twenty-four sea fog events over the Huanghai Sea during March to July of 2.06 and 2.07 are chosen to determine a suitable value of SLTD for nighttime sea fog/stratus detection, and it is found that the value of-5.5-2.5℃ can be taken as a criterion. Two case examples of sea fog events are especially demonstrated in detail utilizing the criterion, and the results show that the derived sea fog/stratus coverage is quite reasonable. This coverage information is very helpful to analyze the formation and evolution of sea fog/stratus during night and can provide sea fog researchers with observational evidences for model results verification. However, more efforts are needed to further obtain vertical extent information of sea fog/stratus and attempt to discriminate between sea fog and stratus.

关键词： Huanghai Sea nighttime sea fog MTSAT-1R dual channel difference method

The Feature and Three-dimensional Structure of Sea and Land Breeze in Qingdao During 2.06 Olympic Sailing Test Event

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The Feature and Three-dimensional Structure of Sea and Land ...

第三届中日韩气象学术会议

作者： SHENG Chun-yan~1 WANG Jian-lin~2.DIAO Xiu-guang~1 1.shandong provincial {2. observatory,jinan 2.003. 2.Qingdao Municipal Bureau of {2.,Qingdao 2.6003)

With the in situ data(automatic weather stations,buoys,lidar and Doppler radar) collected during Good luck Beijing-2.06 Qingdao International Regatta from 18 to 31 August 2.06,the feature and three-dimensional structure of the sea and land breeze near the sailing spots have been analyzed,results show that,(1)excluding the rainy days and the days with typhoon,the sea and land breeze occurs in every wind day during this *** land breeze usually occurs from 3 to 9 a.m.(LST).Under the control of the 500hPa subtropical high pressure system,the wind speed near the spots is very small and less than 2.5 m·sin the whole day,and the wind direction is *** direction of the land breeze tends to be NNE and the sea breeze E to *** for the weather at the edge of the 500hPa subtropical high,the sea and land breeze is *** sea breeze usually begins earlier and the wind speed is larger at around 3～4 m·s,which is the strongest in the whole *** the edge of the subtropical high,the direction of the land breeze is usually NNW and the sea breeze SE.(2.Wind speed usually decreases rapidly at the stage when the sea breeze is dying out.(3)In addition to the sea-land temperature difference,the large scale weather system can affect the strength of the sea breeze significantly.(4)The sea breeze is mostly very shallow in the vertical direction at no higher than 300 meters height. Strong sea breeze can develop to around 1.5 km height vertically and pushes in land for about 100 km *** the Huanghai sea breeze moves inland and meets the sea breeze in the western part near the Jiaozhou Bay,the sea breeze will strengthen and have three boundaries due to the interaction of the two sea breezes.

关键词： Olympic sailing test event sea-land breeze feature three-dimensional structure

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山东冬季气温年际变化及大气环流特征

山东气象 2004年第4期24卷 9-12页

作者：于群周发琇山东省气象中心山东济南250031 中国海洋大学山东青岛266003

采用经验正交函数 (EOF)方法分析山东省 43年 (1961 - 2.0 0 3年 )冬季气温变化 ,结果表明 ,第 1模态几乎反映了整个温度场的时空变化特征 ,冬季气温年际变化明显 ,增温显著 ;采用NCEP/NCAR月平均大气环流再分析资料 (1961 - 2.0 0 3年 ... 详细信息

采用经验正交函数 (EOF)方法分析山东省 43年 (1961 - 2.0 0 3年 )冬季气温变化 ,结果表明 ,第 1模态几乎反映了整个温度场的时空变化特征 ,冬季气温年际变化明显 ,增温显著 ;采用NCEP/NCAR月平均大气环流再分析资料 (1961 - 2.0 0 3年 ) ,分析表明 ,冷、暖冬大气环流差异明显 ,冷冬年 5 0 0hPa高度距平场呈北高南低的特征 ,西伯利亚高压加强 ,东亚大槽偏西加深 ,亚洲地区维持稳定的经向环流 ,利于冷空气南下 ,易造成冷冬 ;

关键词：冬季气温正交分解年际变化大气环流

The Climate Character about the Rainstorm andWaterlogging in the Middle Reaches of theChangjiang River

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The Climate Character about the Rainstorm andWaterlogging in...

Lightning activity and precipitation structure of hailstorms

中美定量降水监测与预报国际研讨会

作者： Zhou Yuehua AND Liu Min Wuhan Central observatory of Hubei provincial {2. Bureau

＜正＞ In the middle reaches of the Changjing *** are much more rainstrom than other area,and also is a important flood prevention zone in *** rainstrom disaster, locally heavy rain and continued large range rain are quite *** as famous "35.7" and "75.8" heavy rain are all taken place in this areas,"35.7" heavy rainstrom had 1076.1mm amount of precipitation in Wufeng of Hubei within three days,and "75.8" heavy rainstrom had 630.4mm amount of precipitation in Changyang’s Dudewan of Hubei.

关键词：

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第4期50卷 629-639页

作者： FENG GuiLi1,2. QIE XiuShu3,1, YUAN Tie1 & NIU ShuZhen4 1 Laboratory of Lightning and Thunderstorm, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 2.shandong Research Institute of Meteorology, jinan 2.003., China 3 Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., China 4 The {2. observatory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China Laboratory of Lightning and Thunderstorm Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China shandong Research Institute of Meteorology Jinan 250031China Institute of Atmospheric PhySics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory of Lightning and Thunderstorm Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Laboratory of Lightning and Thunderstorm Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China The meteorological observatory of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450003China

By using the cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning location data from the lightning detection network of He- nan Province, surface Doppler radar data and standard orbit data of PR, TMI and LIS on TRMM satellite, the spatial and temporal characteristics of CG lightning flashes in 10 severe hailstorms are analyzed. The results show that the percentage of +CG lightning in these hailstorms is high with an average value of 45.5%. There is a distinct increase in CG flash rate during the rapid development stage of hailstorms. The hailstone falling corresponds to an active positive flash period, and the increase of +CG flash rate is generally accompanied with a decrease of –CG flash rate. The flash rate declines rapidly during the dissipating stage of hailstorms. The precipitation structure and lightning activity in two typical hail- storms are studied in detail. It is found that strong convective cells with reflectivity greater than 30dBZ mainly are situated in the front region of hailstorms, whereas the trailing stratiform region is in the rear part of the hailstorms. The maximum heights of echo top are higher than 14 km. Convective rain con- tributes much more rainfall to the total than stratiform rain, and the convective rain takes about 85% and 97% of the total in the two cases, respectively. Total lightning in the hailstorms is very active with the flash rate up to 183 fl/min and 55 fl/min, respectively. The results also indicate that most lightning flashes occurred in the echo region greater than 30 dBZ and its immediate periphery. The probability of lightning occurrence is 2. times higher in the convective region than in the stratiform region. The result suggests that the lightning information is helpful to the identification of convective rain region. The linear relationship between flash rate and ice water content is disclosed primarily.

关键词： total lightning activity positive CG lightning hailstorm convective rain ice water content

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热带太平洋地热散量与厄尼诺事件

气象学报 1989年第4期47卷 501-505页

作者：刘厚赞刘梦玉山东省气象台

国内外有关专家从海气间相互作用对厄尼诺事件进行了有益的探讨。认为与厄尼诺有关联的秘鲁海岸外的海面温度上升,是由于东南信风减弱而引起的冷水上翻的减弱(Bjerknes,1966;Wooster和Guillen,1974)。然而,***等指出,日界线以东(140—17... 详细信息

国内外有关专家从海气间相互作用对厄尼诺事件进行了有益的探讨。认为与厄尼诺有关联的秘鲁海岸外的海面温度上升,是由于东南信风减弱而引起的冷水上翻的减弱(Bjerknes,1966;Wooster和Guillen,1974)。然而,***等指出,日界线以东(140—170°w)沿着赤道,风距平出现的东西减弱不是在厄瓜多尔—秘鲁沿岸海温正距平之前,而是在它之后。***等通过统计,在单侧检验15％的水平上没有拒绝海面温度与风速无关的零假设。认为人们必须抛弃厄尼诺时期秘鲁海面的风异常弱的想法。

关键词：地热散量厄尼诺热带太平洋

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用L指数作广东暴雨短期落区预报

热带气象 1986年第2期 159-164页

作者：汪永铭广东省气象台

本文分析了产生暴雨的大气热力条件和暴雨与特定低空急流的关系。发现某些物理量在暴雨开始前18—30小时有突变现象。这种现象在其它的段不明显。把上述物理量组合成暴雨落区预报指数。在确定有暴雨产生的情况下,该指数参考低空急流的... 详细信息

本文分析了产生暴雨的大气热力条件和暴雨与特定低空急流的关系。发现某些物理量在暴雨开始前18—30小时有突变现象。这种现象在其它的段不明显。把上述物理量组合成暴雨落区预报指数。在确定有暴雨产生的情况下,该指数参考低空急流的特定位置,能预报未来2.小时前后暴雨产生的范围,7年来预报准确率在80％以上。这个方法对大雨落区预报也有参考价值。

关键词：暴雨物理量降雨暴雨落区急流轴次天气尺度暴雨区落区预报广东

泥石流滑坡发生的降水预报方法与雨量标准——以四川省盆地区域为例

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山地学报 2005年第2期23卷 158-164页

作者：郁淑华何光碧徐会明高文良中国气象局成都高原气象研究所四川省气象台中国气象局成都高原气象研究所四川成都610072

通过对η坐标数值预报模式预报的降水量检验分析,发现η坐标数值预报模式对青藏高原天气系统活动造成的四川盆地降水预报明显偏弱,且雨区偏北、偏西。我们使用风场资料对高原天气系统作自动识别,进行了对高原天气系统影响降水的强化与... 详细信息

通过对η坐标数值预报模式预报的降水量检验分析,发现η坐标数值预报模式对青藏高原天气系统活动造成的四川盆地降水预报明显偏弱,且雨区偏北、偏西。我们使用风场资料对高原天气系统作自动识别,进行了对高原天气系统影响降水的强化与雨区漂移的处理,研究得出了η坐标数值预报模式释用强降水预报方法。通过对1991～2.0 0 1年四川盆地发生泥石流、滑坡灾害的气象成因（强降水）分析,研究得出了四川盆地不同的地质地貌条件下泥石流、滑坡预测雨量标准。在上述研究基础上,建立了四川盆地泥石流、滑坡产生的强降水预报方法。经2.0 0 3- 0 8～0 9业务试运行,效果较好,较成功的预报了四川盆地西部、西南部3次大暴雨过程触发的多处泥石流、滑坡灾害,在防灾减灾中发挥了好的作用

关键词：泥石流滑坡降水预报方法雨量标准

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地理环境对济南市低层大气污染的影响

山东科学 2004年第3期17卷 40-42页

作者：刘彦崔玉东杨淑梅山东省气象台山东济南250031 山东师范大学人口资源与环境学院山东济南250014

通过对1971～2.00年济南市及周围地区烟幕日数的对比分析,指出济南市低层大气污染最为严重。济南市特殊的地形造成济南市低空逆温及大气稳定层结等气象条件的特殊性是形成济南市低层大气污染严重的重要原因之一。

关键词：地理环境逆温层大气层结烟幕日大气污染