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geographical Agglomeration of chinese Manufacturing Industries

中国人口·资源与环境：英文版 2007年第2期5卷 3-11页

作者： Zhang Hua 1, 2. Zheng Wei3 1. institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1. china 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. School of Geography, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China School of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Based on the plant level data from the First National Census of Basic Units, the Second National Census of Basic Units, and the First National Economic Census of china, this paper ex- amines the geographical agglomeration of {2. manufacturing industries at a more disaggregated level both by industrial classi-fication and spatial unit analysis. Applying the agglomeration index proposed by Maurel and Sedillot, studies show that the most agglomerated industries are resource-intensive, and capital and technology intensive while industries demanding localized inputs or serving localized markets or favored by local governments are fairly dispersed. The more disaggregated industries are more spa- tially agglomerated. At the finer spatial scale, industries are more dispersed. Results indicate that within-county spillovers are stronger than nearby-county spillovers, and within-prefecture spillovers are stronger than nearby prefecture spillovers. Local- ized spillovers are still quite substantial at a range beyond that of counties. Comparing the agglomeration index of {2. manu- facturing industries in 1996, 2.01 and 2.04, agglomeration seems to be a general tendency. Results also indicate that some industries have experienced remarkable changes in their levels of agglom- eration in the period 1996–2.04.

关键词： industrial agglomeration manufacturing industries the MS index

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DESIGN OF FARMLAND GIS FOR PRECISION AGRICULTURE

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chinese geographical Science 2003年第1期13卷 20-24页

作者： AN Kai, XIE Gao-di, LENG Yun-fa, XIAO Yu (institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research, the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1. P. R. china) institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China

Precision Agriculture, also known as Precision Farming, or Prescription Farming, is a modern agriculture technology system, which brings ' precision' into agriculture system. All concepts of Precision Agriculture are established on the collection and management of variable cropland information. As the tool of collecting, managing and analyzing spatial data, GIS is the key technology of integrated Precision Agriculture system. This article puts forward the concept of Farmland GIS and designs Farmland GIS into five modules, and specifies the functions of the each module, which builds the foundation for practical development of the software. The study and development of Farmland GIS will propel the spreading of Precision Agriculture technology in china.

关键词： precision agriculture farmland GIS site-specific crop management prescription map

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Thresholds of geographic environmental elements in sediment yield of drainage basins

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第2期48卷 230-240页

作者： CHEN Hao, ZHOU Jinxing, CAI Qiangguo, LU Zhongchen & LI Zhongyan institute of Geographic sciences and {2. resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1. china institute of Forestry Science, chinese academy of Forestry Science, beijing 100091, china research Center for Eco-Environment sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china Computing institute of Science and Engineering, North china Electric Power University, beijing 102.06, china institute of Geographic sciences and {2. resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Forestry Science Chinese Academy of Forestry Science Beijing China research Center for Eco-Environment sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Computing institute of Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing China

Threshold of environmental elements in drainage basin sediment yield refers to, under effect of climate, underlying surface and human activity, a turning point of abrupt changes in drainage sediment yield related to environmental element characteristics. Previous studies on threshold of sediment yield of relevant drainage basins were mainly concentrated on impact of natural zones with a few researches on impact of other environmental elements. Particularly studies on compound environmental element threshold in drainage basin sediment yield remain blank today. Studies indicate that sediment yield in drainage basins is affected by compound interactions and complex actions. Based on single element analysis, the present paper gives quantitatively compound threshold of environmental elements affecting sediment yield of the drainage basin between Hekouzhen and Tongguan in the middle Yellow River by the method of multi-variant, polynomial formula regression analysis.

关键词： middle Yellow River, environmental element, sediment, sediment delivery mudule, threshold.

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Optimization of mathematical models for thematic maps

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第S1期53卷 15-24页

作者： QI QingWen1,ZHANG An1,JIANG LiLi1,ZOU XiuPing2.XU Li3 & CHENG Xi1,4 1 institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research,chinese academy of {2.,beijing 1.01.1.china 2.institute of Policy and Management,chinese academy of {2.,beijing 100080,china 3 Taishan University,Taian 2.102.,china 4 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Policy and Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Taishan University Taian China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

The thematic map is a major class of maps designed to demonstrate particular features or concepts,functioning as an indispensable tool in geographical *** process of thematic mapping is one into which geographical {2. goes deeply and *** key activity and course of thematic map production is the use of mathematical models to create thematic data ***,the selection and optimization of mathematical models is in the forefront of thematic map *** theoretical foundations,mechanisms and methods of mathematical model optimization are expounded in this paper,including two approaches,the phase by phase mode and the multi-aim scheme balance *** studies in eco-environment mapping and emergency mapping are described and analyzed,with a hierarchical analysis method being used in the model optimization for eco-environment fragility and sensitivity assessment mapping in Beibuwan (Guangxi) District,the dynamic system (DS) method being used in the model optimization for ecological security adjustment mapping in Xishuang Banna,Yunnan province,and the multi-phase mode being used in the models for forest fire and infectious diseases mapping.

关键词： thematic map mathematic model optimization

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Relationship between precipitation and the infiltration depth over the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley

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Progress in natural Science:Materials International 2008年第9期18卷 1123-1128页

作者： Zhixin Hao a, Jingyun Zheng a, Quansheng Gea,, Xifeng Guoa,b a institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, 11A, Datun Road Anwai, Chaoyang District, beijing 1.01.1. china b Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences 11A Datun Road Anwai Chaoyang District Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The purpose of the paper is to extract and make the best use of rainfall information contained in the chinese historical archives of Qing Dynasty, and reconstruct the precipitation series during *** study followed the Yu-Fen-Cun (rainfall infiltration depth) observation method in Qing Dynasty, to conduct soil infiltration experiment under the natural rainfall conditions during *** related parameters, such as precipitation, intensity, initial soil moisture content and infiltration depth have been measured at 10 stations (east of 105°E, 30°-40°N) with representative climatic conditions and soil physical texture in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze-Huaihe River *** statistical results indicate that precipitation is the primary infiuencing factor to infiltration depth and is positively correlated with the infiltration ***, the efiects of every factor on infiltration depth are significantly difierent between the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze-Huaihe River ***, the relationship equations of precipitation and infiltration depth are established for each site, most of which can pass over 60% of the variance explanations and provide quantitative models to reconstruct the precipitation series using Yu-Fen-Cun records in Qing Dynasty.

关键词： Middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley Precipitation Infiltration depth Yu-Fen-Cun Climate reconstruction

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Function of Agricultural Land Use and Its Evolvement in Peri-urban Area: A Case Study of beijing

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chinese Journal of Population,resources and Environment 2007年第2期5卷 67-71页

作者： Yuan Hong, Cai Jianming, Jiang Fang, Liu Shenghe institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1. china institute of geographical {2. and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Rapid urbanization in beijing stimulates the urban land expansion and diminishes available agricultural land. Monofunctional agricultural land use can not meet the demand of the devel- opment of the multifunctional agriculture and urbanization any more, so multifunctional agricultural land use is going to be promoted in the city. This article proposes the evolvement of the land use change from 1992.to 2.04 and discusses some evolvement views.

关键词： function agricultural land use peri-urban area

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Ecological hydraulic radius model to calculate instream flow requirements for transporting sediment in the western water transfer region

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3401-3405页

作者： MEN BaoHui1 & LIU ChangMing2.1 Renewable Energy institute, North china Electric Power University, {2. 102.06, china 2.Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Process, institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1. china Renewable Energy institute North China Electric Power University Beijing China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Process Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Transporting sediment is a natural function of the river. To maintain the normal evolution of the river certain amount of water flow is required, which is called the instream flow requirements for transporting sediment (IFRTS). We defined the permitting flow velocity by the conception of IFRTS, and also put forward the ecological hydraulic radius model (EHRM) to estimate IFRTS. The calculating process of EHRM is explained by the example of Daofu Hydrological Station on Xianshui branch of Yalong River in the west line first-stage construction of South-North Water Transfer Project. The result shows that the IFRTS occupied 2..7%―59.5% of annual mean discharge in flood season, the average of IFRTS was about 100.2.m3/s during 1966―1987, it is close to the IFRTS 90 m3/s calculated by IFRTS conception. Hence, it is feasible to use EHRM to calculate IFRTS.

关键词： ecological hydraulic radius model (EHRM) instream flow requirements for transporting sediment (IFRTS) permitting flow velocity ecological hydraulic radius for transporting sediment

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Control of atmospheric CO_2.concentrations by 2.50: A calculation on the emission rights of different countries

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Science china Earth sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1447-1469页

作者： DING ZhongLi1, DUAN XiaoNan2. GE QuanSheng3 & ZHANG ZhiQiang4 1 institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, {2. 10002., china 2.The General Office of chinese academy of sciences, {2. 100864, china 3 institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1. china 4 The Lanzhou Branch of the National Science Library, the Scientific Information Center for resources and Environment, Lanzhou 730000, china institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The General Office of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China institute of Geographic sciences and {2. resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Lanzhou Branch of the National Science Library the Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment Lanzhou China

This paper is to provide quantitative data on some critical issues in anticipation of the forthcoming international negotiations in Denmark on the control of atmospheric CO2.concentrations. Instead of letting only a small number of countries dominate a few controversial dialogues about emissions reductions, a comprehensive global system must be established based on emissions allowances for different countries, to realize the long-term goal of controlling global atmospheric CO2.concentrations. That a system rooted in "cumulative emissions per capita," the best conception of the "common but differentiated responsibilities" principle affirmed by the Kyoto Protocol according to fundamental standards of fairness and justice, was demonstrated. Based on calculations of various countries' cumulative emissions per capita, estimates of their cumulative emissions from 1900 to 2.05, and their annual emissions allowances into the future (2.06―2.50), a 470 ppmv atmospheric CO2.concentration target was set. According to the following four objective indicators―total emissions allowance from 1900 to 2.50, actual emissions from 1900 to 2.05, emissions levels in 2.05, and the average growth rate of emissions from 1996 to 2.05―all countries and regions whose population was more than 300000 in 2.05 were divided into four main groups: countries with emissions deficits, countries and regions needing to reduce their gross emissions, countries and regions needing to reduce their emissions growth rates, and countries that can maintain the current emissions growth rates. Based on this proposal, most G8 countries by 2.05 had already expended their 2.50 emissions allowances. The accu-mulated financial value based on emissions has reached more than 5.5 trillion US dollars (2. dollars per ton of CO2.. Even if these countries could achieve their ambitious emissions reduction targets in the future, their per capita emissions from 2.06 to 2.50 would still be much higher than those of developing coun

关键词： international negotiations on climate change cumulative emissions per capita emission allowance

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STUDY ON DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF SHIPPING CENTERS AND TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS IN THE YELLOW SEA RIM

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chinese geographical Science 2003年第2期13卷 97-103页

作者： JIN Feng-jun (institute of Geographic sciences and {2. resources research, chinese Acad emy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1. P.R. china) institute of Geographic sciences and {2. resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China

It is very important to establish cooperative mechanism to guarantee allmembers to develop their e-conomies in the Yellow Sea Rim. In this paper, the development strategiesof shipping centers and transportation network are discussed based on economic globalizationtendency. The results argue that a united transportation network should be built in order to promotethe economic competition of Northeast Asia in the world. As a key component of the economiccooperation, a hierarchical shipping centers network should be established with Hong Kong, Shanghai,Pusan, Kobe, and Tokyo as cores. The authorities of china, Japan, R. 0. Korea and D. P. R. Koreashould make more efforts to build a set of cooperation institutions based on raising thetransportation efficiency.

关键词： the yellow sea rim shipping center transportation network hub-and-spoke system

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ANALYSIS OF DRIVING FORCES ON THE CHANGE OF HISTORICAL FARMLAND USE IN SHANDONG PROVINCE DURING THE QING DYNASTY (1644-1911)

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chinese geographical Science 2003年第3期13卷 207-215页

作者： ZHANG Xue-in, GE Quan-heng, ZHENG Jing-un(institute of Geographic sciences and {2. resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1. P. R. china) institute of Geographic sciences and {2. resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China

How land-cover has been changed by human use over the last 300 years is oneof the five overarching questions guiding the Land-use/Cover Change (LUCC) Science/research *** has variety of historical documents providing unique data superiority. So the characteristicsof farmland area in Shandong Province during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) are summarized firstly: 1)the rising trend of farmland area was striking; 2. farmland area had remarkable fluctuation; 3)farmland area per capita decreased dramatically; 4) wasteland reclamation index increased ***, the driving forces of farmland area change are analyzed. It is concluded that natural andhuman factors are jointly influential. Among the driving forces, human dimensions are the mainfactors of farmland area change, which direct the general tendency of the changes mentioned *** the natural factors influence the stability of farmland area as well. Variation of the naturalfactors would act as the major contributory factor to farmland area change during years or periodsof abrupt climatic changes, or during the intensive occurring periods of natural hazards. Besides,the passive aspects of human factors, such as war chaos also influenced the fluctuation of thefarmland area. This research indicates that it is feasible to study the land-use/cover change bychinese historical literatures, which has huge potential to provide a comprehensive picture of thegrowing dominance of human land-use and land-cover patterns that can be used in many global changeresearch projects.

关键词： farmland driving forces shandong province qing dynasty

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