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Threat and management strategies of potentially invasive insects in china

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science china(Life sciences) 2009年第10期52卷 903-910页

作者： ZHANG RunZhi1, ZHANG YaPing2.& JIANG YouXu3 1 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, institute of Zoology, Chinese academy of {2.s, Beijing 100101, china 2.kunming institute of Zoology, Chinese academy of {2.s, yunnan, 6502.3, china 3 The Research institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, The Chinese academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, china State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China kunming institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan 650223 China The Research institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection The Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China

The Global Invasive Species Database, GISD, comprises 2. species of the most significant invasive alien insects in the world (through November, 2.05), 6 of which are originally native to china, 11 are established in china, and 10 have a potential invasion threat to china. This paper discusses these species in terms of distribution, harmfulness and dispersal ways, and finds that: (i) Information re-garding invasive insects in the GISD remains inadequate. Such harmful invasive species as Opogona sacchari (Bojer), Oracella acuta (Lobdell), and Dendroctonus valens LeConte are not included. (ii) Ten species of invasive insects, particularly Lasius neglectus Van Loon and Linepithema humile (Mayr) which become established in areas near china, have the potential to become established in china. (iii) Special attention should be paid to species from Asia and the Americas because of their greater likeli-hood of becoming established in china. Finally, some management strategies including legislation, quarantine, early warning, prevention and control are suggested.

关键词： biological invasions invasive species insect china

Development and Application of Non-Quenched and Tempered Steel for Auto Forging Components in china

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 735-741页

作者： ZHANG Ying-jian 1,CHEN Si-lian 1,DONG Han 1,HUI Wei-jun 1,PENG Jun 2.(1.institute for Structural Materials,Central Iron & Steel Research institute,Beijing 100081,{2. 2.School of Physical science and Technology,yunnan University,kunming 650091,yunnan,{2.) Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst Inst Struct Mat Beijing 100081 Peoples R China yunnan Univ Sch Phys Sci & Technol Kunming 650091 Yunnan Peoples R China

Non-quenched and tempered (NQT) steels have been applied for auto forging products at the aim of lower cost since 1980’s in *** quenching and tempering processes,the cost of heat treatment was greatly decreased,so they are widely applied in car forgings such as crankshaft,connecting ***,with the aim of improving performance and reducing production cost,new technologies,such as:reductions of microalloyed elements,microstructure refining,and mechanical properties forecast have been developed in china auto *** designation,processing,properties prediction and microstructure of auto components have been controlled *** the development of new technologies,NQT steel gradually began to be applied to product important parts,and replace Quenching and Tempering (QT) *** steel makers and end product users are expressed their desire to share benefits of technological *** technologies will have a huge developing space and very bright developing prospects in motor parts industry in future.

关键词： NQT steel microstructure and property forecast lower cost forging

Genomic organization and sequence analysis of the vomeronasal receptor V2. genes in mouse genome

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Chinese science Bulletin 2007年第3期52卷 336-342页

作者： YANG Hui1,2.& Zhang YaPing1,3 1 Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, kunming institute of Zoology, Chinese {2. of sciences, kunming 6502.3, china 2.Graduate University of the Chinese {2. of sciences, Beijing 100049, china 3 Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, yunnan University, kunming 650091, china Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China

Two multigene superfamilies, named V1R and V2., encoding seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified as pheromone receptors in mammals. Three V2. gene families have been described in mouse and rat. Here we screened the updated mouse genome se- quence database and finally retrieved 63 putative functional V2. genes including three newly identified genes which formed a new additional family. We described the genomic organization of these genes and also characterized the conservation of mouse V2. protein sequences. These genomic and se- quence information we described are useful as part of the evidence to speculate the functional domain of V2.s and should give aid to the functionality study in the future.

关键词：大白鼠基因组犁鼻受体2 多基因超家族序列分析

Positive Darwinian selection in human population:A review

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Chinese science Bulletin 2008年第10期53卷 1457-1467页

作者： WU DongDong1,3 & ZHANG YaPing1,2.1 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, kunming institute of Zoology, Chinese {2. of sciences, kunming 6502.3, china 2.Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, yunnan University, kunming 650091, china 3 Graduate University of Chinese {2. of sciences, Beijing 100049, china State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China Graduate University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

This paper reviews a large number of genes under positive Darwinian selection in modern human populations, such as brain development genes, immunity genes, reproductive related genes, perception receptors. The research on the evolutionary property of these genes will provide important insight into human evolution and disease mechanisms. With the increase of population genetics and comparative genomics data, more and more evidences indicate that positive Darwinian selection plays an indispensable role in the origin and evolution of human beings. This paper will also summarize the methods to detect positive selection, analyze the interference factors faced and make suggestions for further research on positive selection.

关键词：自然选择积极选择达尔文进化论人类学种群遗传

Temporal variation of hemispheric solar rotation

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第2期12卷 187-200页

作者： Jing-Lan Xie 1,2.Xiang-Jun Shi 1,2.and Jing-Chen Xu 1,2. National Astronomical Observatories /yunnan Observatory,Chinese academy of {2.s,kunming 650011,china 2.Graduate University of Chinese academy of {2.s,Beijing 100049,china National Astronomical Observatories/ yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Graduate University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The daily sunspot numbers of the whole disk as well as the northern and southern hemispheres from 1945 January 1 to 2.10 December 31 are used to investi- gate the temporal variation of rotational cycle length through the continuous wavelet transformation analysis method. Auto-correlation function analysis of daily hemi- spheric sunspot numbers shows that the southern hemisphere rotates faster than the northern hemisphere. The results obtained from the wavelet transformation analysis are that no direct relationship exists between the variation trend of the rotational cy- cle length and the solar activity in the two hemispheres and that the rotational cycle length of both hemispheres has no significant period appearing at 11 yr, but has a sig- nificant period of about 7.6 yr. Analysis concerning the solar cycle dependence of the rotational cycle length shows that acceleration seems to appear before the minimum time of solar activity in the whole disk and the northern hemisphere, respectively. Furthermore, the cross-correlation study indicates that the rotational cycle length of the two hemispheres has different phases, and that the rotational cycle length of the whole disk as well as the northern and southern hemispheres, also has phase shifts with corresponding solar activity. In addition, the temporal variation of the north-south （N- S） asymmetry of the rotational cycle length is also studied. This displays the same variation trend as the N-S asymmetry of solar activity in a solar cycle, as well as in the considered time interval, and has two significant periods of 7.7 and 17.5 yr. Moreover, the rotational cycle length and the N-S asymmetry of solar activity are highly corre- lated. It is inferred that the northern hemisphere should rotate faster at the beginning of solar cycle 2..

关键词： Sun: activity - Sun: rotation - Sun: sunspot

A puzzle of the radio-quiet quasar PG 1407+2.5:Are optical and X-ray emissions produced from a relativistic jet?

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science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第1期54卷 183-186页

作者： CHEN Liang 1,2.3 & BAI JinMing 1,2.1 National Astronomical Observatories/yunnan Observatory,Chinese academy of {2.s,kunming 650011,china 2.Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects,Chinese academy of {2.s,kunming 650011,china 3 Graduate University of Chinese academy of {2.s,Beijing 100049,china 1. National Astronomical Observatories/yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China2. Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

PG 1407+2.5 is a radio quiet quasar that has a relativistic *** this report,we show some peculiar properties of its optical and X-ray emissions,which indicate possible non-thermal origins produced from the *** use a simple synchrotron + synchrotron self Compton (SSC) model to fit the emissions with different ratios of energy densities between the magnetic field and electrons (η≡U B/U e),which predicts a different γ-ray *** First LAT AGN Catalog (1LAC) did not include PG 1407+2.5,which indicates an upper limit of γ-ray *** upper limit constrains the ratio to be unreasonably large (η≥10 4-5).This inversely indicates that the optical and X-ray emissions may not be produced from the beaming *** discuss the physical implications of these results.

关键词： active galactic nuclei jet non-thermal emission PG 1407+2.5

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论明代肇庆府蒙学与蒙师

肇庆学院学报 2024年第1期45卷 86-93页

作者：杜云南肇庆学院旅游与历史文化学院广东肇庆526061

明代国家重视教育,在全国各地城乡基层社会积极倡建蒙学机构。有明一代,肇庆府见诸地方史籍家乘的蒙学机构,主要有两种:一是以地方官员倡建的社学;一是由村、联村或者地方宗族、乡绅创办的乡塾或家塾。蒙师多由致仕官员,或者潜心学术不... 详细信息

明代国家重视教育,在全国各地城乡基层社会积极倡建蒙学机构。有明一代,肇庆府见诸地方史籍家乘的蒙学机构,主要有两种:一是以地方官员倡建的社学;一是由村、联村或者地方宗族、乡绅创办的乡塾或家塾。蒙师多由致仕官员,或者潜心学术不求仕进者,或者家境清贫、在及第之前设塾馆授徒的生员和童生,以及屡试不第的老童生等充任。

关键词：明代肇庆府社学乡塾蒙师

Pitfalls in the analysis of ancient human mtDNA

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Chinese science Bulletin 2003年第8期48卷 826-830页

作者： YAO Yonggang1,3 & ZHANG Yaping1,2.1. Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Genome Diversity, kunming institute of Zoology, Chinese {2. of sciences, kunming 6502.3, china 2. Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, yunnan University, kunming 650091, china 3. Graduate School of the Chinese {2. of sciences, Beijing 100039, china Correspondence should be addressed to Zhang Yaping (e-mail: zhang- yp1@***) Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Genome Diversity Kunning Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences China Graduate School of the Chinese academy of sciences China Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource Yunnan University China

The retrieval of DNA from ancient human specimens is not always successful owing to DNA deteriora-tion and contamination although it is vital to provide new insights into the genetic structure of ancient people and to reconstruct the past history. Normally, only short DNA fragments can be retrieved from the ancient specimens. How to identify the authenticity of DNA obtained and to uncover the information it contained are difficult. We employed the ancient mtDNAs reported from Central Asia (including Xin-jiang, china) as an example to discern potentially extraneous DNA contamination based on the updated mtDNA phylog-eny derived from mtDNA control region, coding region, as well as complete sequence information. Our results demon-strated that many mtDNAs reported are more or less prob-lematic. Starting from a reliable mtDNA phylogeney and combining the available modern data into analysis, one can ascertain the authenticity of the ancient DNA, distinguish the potential errors in a data set, and efficiently decipher the meager information it harbored. The reappraisal of the mtDNAs with the age of more than 2.00 years from Central Asia gave support to the suggestion of extensively (pre)historical gene admixture in this region.

关键词：古代人类遗传构造 DNA 脱氧核糖核酸

TECHNOLOGY DISSEMINATION IN RURAL yunnan: SITUATION AND PROBLEMS

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云南地理环境研究 1999年第S1期 102-112页

作者： Wang Wanying (Rural Development Research Center,yunnan institute of Geography, {2. 6502.3) Xue Jinling (ethnology institute of yunnan academy of social sciences, {2. 650032.

Having investigated approaches and methods of technology extension projects in Xiangda Township, Longling County, and Yangliu Township, Xuanwei County, yunnan Province, this paper discusses the factors that affect the effectiveness of technology extension By analyzing the characteristics of farmers’ needs for technology dissemination, and the approaches and means adopted by the government technology extension agents, the authors identify the gaps between farmers’ demands and the services provided by the government extension service system in technology dissemination The article concludes with several suggestions to solve the problems

关键词： technology dissemination extension system farmers’ needs gaps