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Bio-regeneration of p-complexation desulfurization adsorbents

science china Chemistry 2005年第6期48卷 538-544页

作者： LI Wangliang1,2. XING Jianmin1, XIONG Xiaochao1,2. SHAN Guobin1,2.& LIU Huizhou1 1. Laboratory of Separation science and engineering, {2. of Process engineering, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100039, china 1. Laboratory of Separation science and engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences 100039 Beijing China

The coupling of adsorption desulfurization and biodesulfurization is a new approach to produce clean fuels. Sulfur compounds are firstly adsorbed on adsorbents, and then the ad-sorbents are regenerated by microbial conversion. p-Complexation adsorbent, Cu(I)-Y, was ob-tained by ion exchanging Y-type zeolite with Cu2. and then by auto-reduction in helium at 450℃ for 3 h. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) was used as a model compound. The effects of cell concentra-tion, volume of oil phase, the ratio of aqueous phase to adsorbent on DBT desorption by a bac-terium were studied. The amounts of DBT desorbed and 2.HBP produced can be apparently increased with addition of n-octane. BDS activity can be improved by increasing cell concentra-tion and the ratio of water-to-adsorbent. 89% of DBT desorbed from the adsorbents can be converted to 2.HBP within 6 h and almost 100% within 2. h, when the volume ratio of oil-to-water was 1/5 mL/mL, the cell concentration was 60 g·L?1, and the ratio of adsorbent-to-oil was 0.03 g·mL?1. The amount of 2.HBP produced was strongly dependent on the volume ratio of oil-to- water, cell concentration and amount of adsorbent. Adsorption capacity of the regenerated ad-sorbent is 95% that of the fresh one after being desorbed with Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8, washed with n-octane, dried at 100℃ for 2. h and auto-reduced in He.

关键词： adsorption desulfurization p-complexation adsorbents bio-regeneration Pseudomonas delafieldii desorption.

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science china Earth sciences 2004年第10期47卷 896-911页

作者： ZHANG Changhou1,2. WU Ganguo1,2. WANG Genhou2. ZHANG Weijie2.& SONG Honglin2.1. Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics and Lithoprobing technology, china {2. of Geosciences, Ministry of Education of china, beijing 100083, china 2. School of Earth sciences and Mineral Resources, china {2. of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china 1. Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics and Lithoprobing technology China University of Geosciences Ministry of Education of China 100083 Beijing China 2. School of Earth sciences and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China

The northwest trending tectonic belt in the middle part of the Mesozoic intraplate Yanshan Orogenic Belt, northeast Hebei Province, is composed of thrusts, extensional faults, strike-slip faults and syntectonic sedimentations as well. The northeastward basement-involved major thrusting deformation occurred between 174Ma and 168MaBP and was followed by an intrusion of the granitic plutonic rocks. As a part of the post-thrusting extensional deformations a northwest extending volcano-sedimentation system of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous formed in the southwest side of the belt. These volcano-sedimentary sequences are divided into Tuchengzi Formation, Zhangjiakou Formation, Yixian Formation and Jiufotang Formation re- spectively. They are characterized by southeastward migration as a result of the increasing down-dip slip displacement along the major extensional fault toward the southeast of the belt. The provenance area of the Jiufotang Formation north to it experienced southwestward thrusting during and after its later sedimentation. The thrusting in this stage resulted in the formation of an asymmetric footwall syncline with vergence to SW in the Jiufotang Formation in the NE side of the basin. Finally a dextral strike-slip deformation occurred along the NW tectonic belt. The striking tectono-geomorphological features and present seismic activities along this belt indicate that it has been being active since Cenozoic era and is still in the active state at present. This northwest extending tectonic belt was following the same direction and location as the existing fault systems within the basement as revealed by former geological and geophysical studies. So it is reasonable to infer the Mesozoic deformation along this belt to be a result of reactivation of the basement structures in a favorable tectonic stress field. The reactivation of basement struc- tures might be taken as one of the mechanisms of intraplate deformation and orogeny.

关键词： Yanshan Orogenic Belt, northwest extending tectonic complex, thrust system, geochronology.

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Microstructural Features During Strain Induced Ferrite Transformation in 08 and 2.Mn Steels

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Journal of university of science and technology beijing 2001年第2期8卷 105-110页

作者： Ping Yang, Feng-e Cui, Fuming Wang (Materials science and engineering School,{2., beijing 100083, china) (Metallurgy School,{2., beijing 100083, china) Univ Sci & Technol beijing Mat Sci & Engn Sch Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol beijing Met Sch Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The microstructure evolution during strain induced ferrite transformation was followed in thermal-simulation tests of clean 08 and 2.Mn steels. The influences of carbon equivalence and initial austenite grain size on ferrite grain refinement and the volume fraction of ferrite during straining were inspected. The results revealed that the accelerating effect of ferrite transformation by strain was increased as the carbon equivalence decreased. However, finer ferrite grains were obtained at higher carbon content. At strain of similar to1.5 ferrite grains less than 3 mum and 2.mum can be obtained in 08 and 2.Mn steels respectively. Whereas the ferrite grain refinement in 08 steel was due to both effects of strain induced transformation and ferrite dynamic recrystallization, that in 2.Mn was mainly due to strain induced transformation. Heavy strain can produce fine ferrite grains in coarse austenite grained 08 steel, but it would lead to band microstructure in coarse austenite grained 2.Mn.

关键词： clean carbon steel strain induced transformation grain refinement ferrite dynamic recrystallization

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Giant complete automaton for uncertain multiple string matching and its high speed construction algorithm

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science china(Information sciences) 2011年第8期54卷 1562-1571页

作者： HU Yue 1,2. GAO QingShi 1,2.,GUO Li 2.& WANG PeiFeng 1 1 School of Information engineering,university of {2. and technology beijing,beijing 100083,china 2.institute of Computing technology,Chinese Academy of {2.s,beijing 100190,china 1. School of Information engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China2. Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Multiple string matching is often completed under the presence of U- or V-uncertain-strings,or combinations *** large numbers of strings with U-, V-,and U-V-uncertain-strings,including the interleaving of two or more uncertain strings,is important to thoroughly gathering useful information and detecting harmful *** paper proposes a complete automaton and its high-speed construction algorithm for large-scale U-, V-,and U-V-uncertain multiple strings,including two or more uncertain strings interlaced with one *** maximum number of parallel complete automation of the V-uncertain string is also *** paper reveals that there are two kinds of pretermissions,i.e.,similarly-connected and interlaced-string pretermissions,and that mistake may appear in the matching of the regular expressions,or states in the automaton may increase in number,if the intersection of the U-uncertain strings sets and the homologous subsequent special point in the U-uncertain strings sets are not eliminated from the whole system.

关键词： multiple string matching U-uncertain-strings V-uncertain-strings U-V-uncertain-strings complete automaton

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Liquid propellant analogy technique in dynamic modeling of launch vehicle

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第8期53卷 2102-2110页

作者： PAN ZhongWen 1,2.,XING YuFeng 1 ,ZHU LiWen 2.,DONG Kai 2.&SUN Mu 2.1Solid Mechanics research Center,beijing {2. of Aeronautics and Astronautics,beijing 100191,china 2.beijing Astronautics Systems engineering institute,beijing 100076,china 1. Solid Mechanics research Center Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100191 China2. Beijing Astronautics Systems Engineering Institute Beijing 100076 China

The coupling effects among lateral mode,longitudinal mode and torsional mode of a launch vehicle cannot be taken into account in traditional dynamic analysis using lateral beam model and longitudinal spring-mass model *** deal with the problem,propellant analogy methods based on beam model are proposed and coupled mass-matrix of liquid propellant is constructed through additional mass in the present *** an integrated model of launch vehicle for free vibration analysis is established,by which research on the interactions between longitudinal and lateral modes,longitudinal and torsional modes of the launch vehicle can be *** examples for tandem tanks validate the present method and its necessity.

关键词： dynamic characteristics coupled mass integrative modeling propellant analogy

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A New Genetic Algorithm Based on Niche Technique and Local Search Method

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Journal of university of science and technology beijing 2001年第1期8卷 63-68页

作者： Jinwu Xu, Jiwen Liu Mechanical engineering School, university of science and technology beijing, {2. 100083, china Univ Sci & Technol beijing Sch Mech Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The genetic algorithm has been widely used in many fields as an easy robust global search and optimization method. In this paper, a new generic algorithm based on niche technique and local search method is presented under the consideration of inadequacies of the simple genetic algorithm. In order to prove the adaptability and validity of the improved genetic algorithm, optimization problems of multimodal functions with equal peaks, unequal peaks and complicated peak distribution are discussed. The simulation results show that compared to other niching methods, this improved genetic algorithm has obvious potential on many respects, such as convergence speed, solution accuracy, ability of global optimization, etc.

关键词： genetic algorithm (GA) niche technique local search method

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Experimental study on fire smoke movement in a multi-floor and multi-room building

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science china(Technological sciences) 2005年第3期48卷 292-304页

作者： ZHONG Maohua 1, 2., LI Peide 2., LIU Tiemin 1 , WEI Xing 1, 2.& LIAO Guangxuan 2.1. National Center of Safety science and technology, State Administration of Work Safety, {2. 10002., china 2. State Key Laboratory of Fire science, university of science and technology of china, Hefei 2.002., china 1. National Center of Safety science and technology State Administration of Work Safety 100029 Beijing China 2. State Key Laboratory of Fire science University of Science and Technology of China 230026 Hefei China

Fire smoke movement of multi-floor and multi-room (MFMR) fire was studied at the model test building in State Key Laboratory of Fire science (SKLFS). The ingredient, temperature, air pressure difference and air velocity of smoke were measured and analyzed. Meanwhile, the hazard of smoke ingredient to exposed occupants was analyzed based on the national standard, Occupational Exposure Limit for Hazardous Agents in the Workplace (GBZ2.2.02.. The experimental results showed that the maximum temperature difference in MFMR fire was located along the vertical height from the fire source. With the spreading and diffusion of smoke, the temperature of smoke layer would tend to be no difference. In the fire of woodpile and kerosene, the main smoke ingredients such as SO 2., CO and CO 2.would first exceed human’s average physiological limit, while smoke ingredients such as NO and NO 2.would come behind. Because of the higher fluctuation range and frequency of air pressure difference of smoke in multi-layer building fire, the fire smoke would spread around everywhere of the passageway and made the human evacuation more difficult.

关键词： multi-floor and multi-room,fire experiment,smoke spread,smoke toxicity.

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Electric-stimulus rate encoding algorithm of Mandarin tonal information in cochlear implant

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1315-1321页

作者： GUAN Tian~1, GONG Qin~1 and YE Datian~2.*(1. Department of Biomedical engineering, Tsinghua university, {2. 100084, china 2. research Center of Biomedical engineering, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua university, Shenzhen 518055, china) [a]Department of Biomedical engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China [b]research Center of Biomedical engineering Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen China

The modern multi-channel cochlear implants usually extract and encode the temporal envelope cues. This kind of algorithms can hardly satisfy the users who speak tonal languages, such as Mandarin. Many studies have tried to enhance the recognition ability of Mandarin through encoding tonal information and made suggestions to frequency-modulate the fixed pulse-rate carrier with the extracted tonal information based on the rate-pitch theory in electric hearing. However, how to encode and deliver the tonal information such as F_0by changing electric-stimulus rate has not got further study in clinical electric-stimulus mode. The present paper focuses on this matter by piecewise calculating the appreciable electric-stimulus rates. Then an electric-stimulus encoding algorithm of Mandarin tone is brought forward and testified through acoustic simulations. Such conclusion can be drawn that this algorithm of electric-stimulus rate could convey tonal information well and help to enhance the Mandarin speech recognition ability.

关键词： cochlear implant tone fundamental frequency electric-stimulus rate.

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Martensitic Stainless Steel 6Cr15MoV

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2012年第3期19卷 56-61页

作者： MA Dang-shen1, CHI Hong-xiao1,2. ZHOU Jian1, YONG Qi-long1,2.(1. institute for Structural Materials, Central Iron and Steel research institute, beijing 100081, china 2. Faculty of Materials science and engineering, Kunming university of science and technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, china) [a] institute for Structural Materials Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China [b] Faculty of Materials science and engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 Yunnan China

Martensitic stainless steel containing Cr of 12. to 18%（mass percent） are common utilized in quenching and tempering processes for knife and cutlery steel. The properties obtained in these materials are significantly influ- enced by matrix composition after heat treatment, especially as Cr and C content. Comprehensive considered the hardness and corrosion resistance, a new type martensitic stainless steel 6Crl5MoV has been developed. The effect of heat treatment processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6Crl5MoV martensitic stainless steel is emphatically researched. Thermo-Calc software has been carried out to thermodynamic calculation; OM, SEM and TEM have been carried out to microstructure observation; hardness and impact toughness test have been carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties. Results show that the equilibrium carbide in 6Cr15MoV steel is M2. C6 car- bide, and the M2. C6 carbides finely distributed in annealed microstructure. 6Crl5MoV martensitic stainless steel has a wider quenching temperature range, the hardness value of steel 6Cr15MoV can reach to HRC 60.8 to HRC 61.6 when quenched at 1 060 to 1 100 ℃. Finely distributed carbides will exist in quenched microstructure, and effectively inhabit the growth of austenite grain. With the increasing of quenching temperature, the volume fraction of undis- solved carbides will decrease. The excellent comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained by quenched at 1 060 to 1 100℃ with tempered at 100 to 150 ℃, and it is mainly due to the high carbon martensite and fine grain size. At these temperature ranges, the hardness will retain about HRC 59.2.to HRC 61.6 and the Charpy U-notch impact toughness will retain about 17.3 to 2. J. A lot of M2.C6 carbides precipitated from martensite matrix, at the same time along the boundaries of martensite lathes which leading to the decrease of impact toughness when tempered at 500 to 540 ℃. The MaC precipitants also existed in the martensite mat

关键词： martensitic stainless steel microstructure mechanical property

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The characteristics of arc beam shaping in hybrid plasma and laser deposition manufacturing

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science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 238-247页

作者： ZHANG Hai’ou1, QIAN Yingping1,3, WANG Guilan1 & ZHENG Qiguang2.1. School of Material science and technology, Huazhong {2. of science and technology, Wuhan 430074, china 2. institute of Laser technology and engineering, Huazhong {2. of science and technology, Wuhan 430074, china 3. Mechanical engineering College, Hubei {2. of technology, Wuhan 430068, china 1. School of Material science and technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China 3. Mechanical engineering College Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China 2. institute of Laser technology and {2. Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

As a new direct metal prototyping technology,the hybrid plasma and laser deposition manufacturing (PLDM) is proposed in this paper. In order to figure out the characteristics of plasma arc beam and mould in the PLDM process of high temperature alloy, the high speed CCD camera is used to obtain the picture around the plasma arc. Afterwards the sketch of picture is clearly obtained. And the effect of laser parameter, such as average power, pulse width, pulse repetition frequency and the angle between laser beam and plasma arc beam on the plasma arc appearance, is studied experimentally. The results show that the modality of plasma arc beam is markedly influenced by laser beam. And the improvements of shape precision and surface state of the layer deposited by PLDM are confirmed.

关键词： plasma hybrid laser, direct deposition, plasma arc beam, molding character, high-temperature alloy.

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