检索结果-南通市图书馆

Inconspicuous anchoring effects generated by false information

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第11期18卷 1375-1382页

作者： Chen Qu~(a,b) Jun Wang~a Yuejia Luo~(a,c,*) a State key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,china b Center for studies of Psychological Application,South china Normal University Guangzhou,510631,china c key laboratory of mental health,institute of psychology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china State key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Center for studies of Psychological Application South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China key laboratory of mental health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The impact of false information on numerical judgments was examined on young normal subjects by an event-related potential(ERP) *** imitate the judgments in real world,we ensured the subjects acknowledged of the target *** behavioral results found that both uncertain information and false information assimilated the final estimates:higher after higher anchors and lower after lower anchors;and false information caused a weaker anchoring bias than uncertain *** results provided further electro- physiological evidence for the mechanism of *** the early phrase,it was an accessibility-dominated process in which two kinds of anchors elicited an N300 component related to the accessibility of anchors *** knowledge relevant to targets joined the process in the late phrase,which caused a larger amplitude of late positive component(LPC)for implausible lower anchors than that for plausible higher *** analysis showed that medial frontal gyrus,whose activity was suggested to signal the need of adjust- ment,was more reliable to explain the LPC elicited by implausible lower ***,we suggest that accessibility is facilitated when the external anchor is consistent with the world knowledge,and adjustment is initiated when the external anchor is inconsistent.

关键词： False anchors Anchoring effects Accessibility Adjustment ERP

Spectroscopic evidence for triplet excitation energy transfer among carotenoids in the LH2 complex from photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science china Chemistry 2004年第1期47卷 80-90页

作者： FENG Juan, WANG Qian, ZHANG Xujia, HUANG Youguo, Al Xicheng, ZHANG Xingkang & ZHANG JianpingState key laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, institute of Chemistry, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china National laboratory of Biomacromolecules, institute of Biophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china State key laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National laboratory of Biomacromolecules institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The LH2 complex from Rhodopsudomonas (Rps.) palustris is unique in the heterogeneous carotenoid compositions. The dynamics of triplet excited state Carotenoids (3Car* has been investigated by means of sub-microsecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy both at physiological temperature (295 K) and at cryogenic temperature (77K). Broad and asymmetric T n ←T 1 transient absorption was observed at room temperature following the photo-excitation of Car at 532 nm, which suggests the contribution from various carotenoid compositions having different numbers of conjugated C=C double bonds (Nc=c). The triplet absorption bands of different carotenoids, which superimposed at room temperature, could be clearly distinguished upon decreasing the temperature down to 77 K. At room temperature the shorter-wavelength side of the main Tn04T1 absorption band decayed rapidly to reach a spectral equilibration with a characteristic time constant of ∽1 μs, the same spectral dynamics, however, was not observed at 77 K. The aforementioned spectral dynamics can be explained in terms of the triplet-excitation transfer among heterogeneous carotenoid compositions. Global spectral analysis was applied to the time-resolved spectra at room temperature, which revealed two spectral components peaked at 545 and 565 nm, and assignable to the Tn04 T1 absorption of Cars with Nc=c=11 and Nc=c=13, respectively. Surprisingly, the decay time constant of a shorter-conjugated Car, i.e. 0.72 ?s (aerobic) and 1.36 ?s (anaerobic), is smaller than that of a longer-conjugated Car, i.e. 2.12 us (aerobic) and 3.75 ?s (anaerobic), which is contradictory to the general rule of carotenoids and relative polyenes. The results are explained in terms of triplet-excitation transfer among different types of Cars. It is postulated that two Cars with different conjugation lengths coexist in an α, β-subunit in the LH2 complex.

关键词： purple photosynthetic bacteria, carotenoid, excited-state, time-resolved spectroscopy.

Dynamics of morphological changes for mitochondrial fission and fusion

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第4期53卷 680-689页

作者： WANG ShiQi 1,2,4 , FU ChangLiang 1,2 , ZHANG Yan 1,2 , CHEN Quan 3 & LONG Mian 1,2 1 key laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity laboratory), beijing 100190, china 2 Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, institute of Mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100190, china 3 State key laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 4 institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china key laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity laboratory) Beijing China Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State key laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Mitochondria experience continuous fusion and fission in a living cell, but their dynamics remains poorly quantified. Here a theoretical model was developed, upon a simplified population balance equation (PBE), to predict the morphological changes induced by mitochondrial fission and fusion. Assuming that both fission and fusion events are statistically independent, the survival probability of mitochondria staying in the fission or fusion state was formulated as an exponentially-decayed function with time, which depended on the time-dependent distribution of the mitochondrial volume and the fission and fusion rates. Parametric analysis was done for two typical volume distributions. One was Gamma distribution and the other was Gaussian distribution, derived from the measurements of volume distribution for individual mitochondria in a living cell and purified mitochondria in vitro. The predictions indicated that the survival probability strongly depended on morphological changes of individual mitochondria and was inversely correlated to the fission and fusion rates. This work provided a new insight into quantifying the mitochondrial dynamics via monitoring the evolution of the mitochondrial volume.

关键词： mitochondria morphology fission fusion dynamics modeling

Induction of chromosomal inversion by integration of T-DNA in the rice genome

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2010年第3期37卷 189-196页

作者： Chuanfeng Zhu,Jiahe Wu,Chaozu He State key laboratory of Plant Genomics,institute of Microbiology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china State key laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Transfer DNA （T-DNA） of Agrobacterium tumefaciens integration in the plant genome may lead to rearrangements of host plant chromosomal fragments, including inversions. However, there is very little information concerning the inversion. The present study re- ports a transgenic rice line selected from a T-DNA tagged population, which displays a semi-dwarf phenotype. Molecular analysis of this mutant indicated an insertion of two tandem copies of T-DNA into a locus on the rice genome in a head to tail mode. This insertion of T-DNA resulted in the inversion of a 4.9 Mb chromosomal segment. Results of sequence analysis suggest that the chromosomal inversion resulted from the insertion of T-DNA with the help of sequence microhomology between insertion region of T-DNA and target sequence of the host plant.

关键词： Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) T-DNA chromosomal inversion

Role of ubiquitination in meiotic recombination repair

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science china(Life sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 447-454页

作者： CUI Li & LI Wei State key laboratory of Reproductive Biology, institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china State key laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Programmed and unprogrammed double-strand breaks (DSBs) often arise from such physiological requirements as meiotic recombination, and exogenous insults, such as ionizing radiation (IR). Due to deleterious impacts on genome stability, DSBs must be appropriately processed and repaired in a regulatory manner. Recent investigations have indicated that ubiquitination is a critical factor in DNA damage response and meiotic recombination repair. This review summarizes the effects of proteins and complexes associated with ubiquitination with regard to homologous recombination (HR)-dependent DSB repair.

关键词： ubiquitin meiosis homologous recombination DNA double-strand breaks

Molecular basis of cryptorchidism-induced infertility

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science china(Life sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 1274-1283页

作者： LIU YiXun & LI XiXia State key laboratory of Reproductive Biology, institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china State key laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Artificial cryptorchidism or local testicular heat treatment can induce reversible oligospermia or azoospermia in monkeys and rats via germ cell apoptosis. Local warming of monkey testes in water at 43°C for 2 consecutive days (30 min per day) decreased the number of sperm in the semen by up to 80% on d 28, and the effect was completely reversed on d 144. Germ cells rely heavily on Sertoli cells for structural and nutritional support. Specialized junctions that play a pivotal role in spermatogenesis occur at sites of Sertoli-Sertoli and Sertoli-germ cell contact in the seminiferous epithelium. We demonstrated that expression of tight junction (TJ)-associated molecules, such as occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), were greatly reduced 24–48 h after heat treatment, while the permeability of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) was simultaneously increased, but recovered 10 d later. These results indicate a reversible disruption of the BTB associated with transient inductions of transforming growth factor (TGF) β2 and β3 expression, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation, and concomitant loss of occludin and ZO-1. This suggests that expression of TJ-associated molecules and the BTB was reversibly perturbed by mild testicular hyperthermia, and that the heat-induced induction of TGF-β might be involved in downregulating TJ-associated proteins, leading to cell junction reduction. This review discusses the changes in total gene expression patterns after experimental cryptorchidism in adult mouse testes, and the cloning of several novel, physiologically significant spermatogenesis-specific genes.

关键词： cryptorchidism spermatogenesis apoptosis heat stress Sertoli cells blood-testis barrier tight junction

Four new species and a new chinese record of the nectrioid fungi

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science china(Life sciences) 2010年第8期53卷 909-915页

作者： LUO Jing & ZHUANG WenYing key laboratory of Systematic Mycology and Lichenology, institute of Microbiology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china key laboratory of Systematic Mycology and Lichenology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Four new species belonging to Bionectria, Calonectria, Haematonectria and Neonectria on plant substrates collected from nature reserves in southern and central china are described. Bionectria truncata has smooth perithecia of a flattened to shallow discoid apex, clavate asci with an apical ring, and ellipsoid, smooth to spinulose ascospores. Calonectria dicephalospora is characterized by pyriform perithecia with a warted surface, clavate asci with a simple apex and long, narrow stalk, and fusoid ascospores with a cap-like appendage at each end. Haematonectria lushanensis possesses warted perithecia which are laterally collapsing when dry, cylindrical asci with a simple apex, and ellipsoid, spinulose ascospores. Neonectria dinghushanica is distinguishable by subglobose perithecia with a warted surface, clavate asci, and striate ascospores. Morphological features of these new species are described comprehensively and compared with their related fungi. Neonectria castaneicola is recorded as new to china.

关键词： Bionectriaceae Nectriaceae morphology taxonomy

Seasonal patterns of spatial differentiation of landcover change in china

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第4期44卷 362-364页

作者： CHEN YufengState key laboratory of Resource and Environment Information System , institute of Geography, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china State key laboratory of Resource and Environment Information System Institute of Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Using the 1°×1° NOAA AVHRR NDVI data set in china, an index on the spatial different gradient of landcover is created. Then based on the index and supported by the geographical information system, it is revealed through principal component and factor analyses methods that there exist four types of seasonal patterns of spatial differentiation of landcover change in china, i.e. November to next March type, June to September type, May or October type and April type.

关键词： landcover spatial differentiation seasonal pattern.

Molecular identification of species in Prunus sect. Persica (Rosaceae), with emphasis on evaluation of candidate barcodes for plants

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第2期49卷 138-145页

作者： 1,2 Xu QUAN 1 Shi-Liang ZHOU 1 (State key laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093, china) 2 (Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china) (State key laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China)

Species of Prunus L. sect. Persica are not only important fruit trees, but also popular ornamental and medicinal plants. Correct identification of seedlings, barks, or fruit kernels is sometimes required, but no reliable morphological characters are available. Nowadays, the technique of DNA barcoding has the potential to meet such requirements. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of 11 DNA loci (atpB-rbcL, trnH-psbA, trnL-F, trnS-G, atpF-H, rbcL, matK, rpoB, rpoC1, nad1, and internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) as candidate DNA barcodes for peaches, using samples from 38 populations, covering all the species in sect. Persica. On the whole, the primers worked well in this group and sequencing difficulties were met only in the case of ITS locus. Five loci (rbcL, matK, rpoB, rpoC, and nad1) have very low variation rates, whereas atpB-rbcL, atpF-H, trnH-psbA, trnL-F and trnS-G show more variability. The most variable loci, atpB-rbcL and trnH-psbA, can distinguish three of the five species. Two two-locus combinations, atpB-rbcL+trnL-F and atpB-rbcL+atpF-H, can resolve all five species. We also find that identification powers of the loci are method-dependent. The NeighborNet method shows higher species identification power than maximum parsimony, neighbor joining, and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean methods.

关键词： atpB-rbcL DNA barcode Prunus sect. Persica trnL-F.