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Forecasting the summer rainfall in North china using the year-to-year increment approach

Science china Earth sciences 2009年第4期52卷 532-539页

作者： FAN Ke1, LIN MeiJing1,2 & GAO YuZhong3.1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100029,{3. 2 graduate university of the chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049,{3. 3.Heilongjiang Meteorological Administration, Harbin 15003.,{3. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China graduate university of the chinese {3. of sciences Beijing China Heilongjiang Meteorological Administration Harbin China

A new approach to forecasting the year-to-year increment of rainfall in North china in July-August (JA) is proposed. DY is defined as the difference of a variable between the current year and the preceding year (year-to-year increment). NR denotes the seasonal mean precipitation rate over North china in JA. After analyzing the atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the DY of NR, five key predictors for the DY of NR have been identified. The prediction model for the DY of NR is established by using multi-linear regression method and the NR is obtained (the current forecasted DY of NR added to the preceding observed NR). The prediction model shows a high correlation coefficient (0.8) between the simulated and the observed DY of NR throughout period 1965-1999, with an average relative root mean square error of 19% for the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North china. The prediction model makes a hindcast for 2000-2007, with an average relative root mean square error of 21% for the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North china. The model reproduces the downward trend of the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North china during 1965-2006. Because the current operational prediction models of the summer precipitation have average forecast scores of 60%-70%, it has been more difficult to forecast the summer rainfall over North china. Thus this new approach for predicting the year-to-year increment of the summer precipitation (and hence the summer precipitation itself) has the potential to significantly improve operational forecasting skill for summer precipitation.

关键词： annual increment North china precipitation prediction prediction skill

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Study on growth and properties of novel γ-LiAlO_2 substrate

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 188-193页

作者： ZOU Jun1,2, ZHOU Shengming1, XU Jun1 & ZHANG Rong3.1. Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, Shanghai 201800,{3. 2. graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10003.,{3. 3. Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing university, Nanjing 210093.{3. Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China graduate School of chinese academy of {3. Beijing China Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China

Transparent γ-LiAlO2 single crystal has been grown by Temperature Gradient technique. The surface of the wafer annealed in O2-atmosphere at 1100°C for 70 h became opaque and Li-poor phase (LiAl5O8); while, that annealed in Li-rich atmosphere kept transparent and smooth. The full-width at half maximum value dropped to 3. arcsecs when the wafer was annealed in Li-rich atmosphere. That annealed in O2-atmosphere increased to 78 arcsec. Compared with absorption spectra, we can conclude that the 196 nm absorption peak was caused by Li vacancies and the 73. nm peak was caused by O vacancies.

关键词： γ-LiAlO2 crystal, scanning electron micrograph (SEM), absorption spectra.

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Construction of AFLP-based genetic linkage maps for the chinese shrimp Fenneropaeneus chinensis

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chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第8期53卷 1205-1216页

作者： TIAN Yi1,2,3.4, KONG Jie1↑ & WANG WeiJi1 1 Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, chinese academy of Fishery Science, Qingdao 266071, china 2 College of Life Science and Technology, Dalian Fisheries {3., Dalian 116023. china 3.Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 266071, china 4 graduate {3. of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, china Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Science Qingdao China College of Life Science and Technology Dalian Fisheries University Dalian China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China graduate university of chinese {3. of sciences Beijing China

Fenneropaeneus chinensis is an important species in marine fishery resources and aquaculture in china. A genetic linkage map is essential for improving the efficiency of its breeding by marker-as- sisted selection and identifying commercially important genes. Linkage maps of F. chinensis were constructed with an F2 mapping population (110 progenies) using amplified fragment length polymor- phic (AFLP) marker in this study. Fifty-five AFLP primer combinations produced 53. AFLP markers fitting for map strategy in mapping family. The markers with 3.1 segregating ratios were analyzed using F2 intercross model for the common linkage map, while the markers with 1:1 ratio were analyzed using the pseudo-testcross strategy. The maps of male, female and common were constructed. The female map included 103.markers that formed 28 linkage groups, covering a total length of 1090 cM. All mark- ers were linked with the linkage groups. Segregation distortion was observed for 6 of 103.markers in the female map. The average distance between markers was 14.53.cM and ranged from 4.4 to 24.8 cM. The male map included 144 markers that formed 3. linkage groups. Ten markers remained unlinked in male map. Segregation distortion was observed for 7 of 144 markers in the male map. The total dis- tance of male map covered 1617 cM. The average distance between markers was 16.3. cM. The male map was 3..6% longer than the female map, which may reflect sex-specific recombination rates in chinese shrimp. The common map was composed of 216 markers, including in 44 linkage groups covering a total distance of 1772.1 cM. Two markers remained unlinked. No distorted markers of 216 markers were shown in the common map. The distance between markers was 10.42 cM. An average estimated genome size for the chinese shrimp was 2420 cM, which was consistent with the relative size of the Penaeid genome. The distribution of AFLP markers was relatively even in chromosomes of Chi- nese shrimp maps. The linkage analysis

关键词： AFLP 海洋渔业虾中国

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Improvement of a 3. radar backscattering model using matrix-doubling method

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第7期53卷 1029-1035页

作者： NI WenJian1,2, GUO ZhiFeng1 & SUN GuoQing3.1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, jointly sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of chinese academy of sciences and Beijing Normal {3., Beijing 100101, china 2 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, china 3.Department of Geography, {3. of Maryland, College Park, MD 27042, USA State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science jointly sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing China graduate university of chinese {3. of sciences Beijing China Department of Geography University of Maryland College Park USA

Radiative transfer models have been widely used to simulate the radar backscattering from forested areas. A three-dimensional radar backscatter model of forest canopy developed in previous studies takes full account of spatial position of trees in a forest stand, and the interactions among crown, trunk and ground surface. The model predicted well for the co-polarized backscatter measurements, but underestimated the backscattering for cross-polarization, primarily because only the first-order scattering within tree crowns was considered in the model. The backscattering at cross-polarization depends strongly on multiple scatter- ing within tree crowns. To produce good estimations for cross-polarized component, the matrix-doubling method is employed here to compute multiple-scattering within the crown. The modified model is compared with the original model, and the field forest measurements and AIRSAR data are used for validation of the modified model. The cross-polarization backscattering is improved in different degrees for different crown structures and at different bands.

关键词： remote sensing forestry electromagnetic propagation radar backscattering model matrix-doubling

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Altered expression of cytochrome P450 and possible correlation with preneoplastic changes in early stage of rat hepatocarcinogenesis

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2005年第6期26卷 737-744页

作者： Lin-lin LIU~(2,3., Li-kun GONG~(2,3., Xin-ming QI~(2,3.,Yan CAI~(2,3., Hui WANG~2, Xiong-fei WU~(2,3.,Ying XIAO~(2,3., Jin REN~(2,4) ~2 State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological sciences, chinese academy of sciences, Shanghai 201203. china ~3.graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, Shanghai 201203. china State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China graduate School of the chinese academy of {3. Shanghai China

Aim: Correlation of cytochrome P450 (CYPs) with preneoplastic changes in the early stage of hepatocarcinogenesis is still unclear. To detect the expression of carcinogen-metabolizing related microsomal P450 enzymes, namely the CYP1 Al, CYP1A2, CYP2B1/2, CYP2E1, and CYP3., we performed the medium-term bioas-say of Ito's model in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: The amount and activity of CYP were assessed by biochemical and immunohistochemical methods in week 8. The correlation between CYP expression and microsomal oxidative stress was investigated by comparing the generation of microsomal lipid peroxidation in the presence or absence of specific CYP inhibitor. Results: In the DEN-2-AAF and 2-AAF alone groups, the expression of CYP1 Al and CYP2E1 were up-regulated and the expression of CYP2B1/2 and CYP1A2 were quite the contrary. Strong staining of CYP2E1 and CYP2B1/2 was found around the centrolobular vein and weak staining in the altered hepatic foci revealed by immunohistochemical procedure. There was no significant change in the activity of CYP3. among the 4 groups. Altered hepatic tissue bore more microsomal NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dimucleotide phosphate,reduced form)-dependent lipid peroxidation than normal tissue. And the difference among the 4 groups disappeared when CYP2E1 was inhibited. More microsomal lipid peroxidation was generated when incubated with CYP1A inhibitor a-naphthoflavone. Conclusion: CYP altered their expression levels and these alterations can play important roles in the alteration of cell redox status of preneoplastic tissue in the early stage of hepatocarcinogenesis.

关键词： cytochrome P450 preneoplastic changes hepatocarcinogensis

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Application of the moist vorticity vector in the analysis of a heavy rainfall event in North china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1457-1465页

作者： Zhao Yu1,2,3. Wang Jianguo4 and Xue Deqiang2(1. Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100029,{3. 2. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 25003.,{3. 3. graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10003.,{3. 4. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Jinan 25003.,{3.) Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory Jinan 250031 China graduate university Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Shandong Provincial Meteorological Bureau Jinan 250031 China

The moist vorticity vector (MVV), defined as (ζa×▽qv)/ρ introduced by Gao et al. is used to study a heavy rainfall event in North china. The MVV has zonal, meridional and vertical components in a three-dimensional framework. Analysis of domain-mean and mass-integrated quantities shows that the variation of the vertical component of the MVV closely follows the variation of the cloud hydrometeors, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.95, indicating that the vertical component of the MVV is strongly associated with midlatitude convection. Further analysis shows that the vertical component of the MVV reflects the interaction between the horizontal vorticity and the horizontal specific humidity gradient, which can associate dynamic and thermodynamic processes with cloud microphysical processes. Thus, this study can help to understand how the interaction between circulations and clouds aids the development of convection, and the MVV can be used to trace the development and evolution of heavy rainfall.

关键词： moist vorticity vector heavy rainfall modeling study.

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Polynomial regression calculation of the Earth's position based on millisecond pulsar timing

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第2期12卷 219-234页

作者： Feng Tian 1,2,Zheng-Hong Tang 1,Qing-Zeng Yan 1,2 and Yong Yu 11 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,chinese academy of sciences,Shanghai 20003.,{3. 2 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100049,{3. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China graduate university of chinese {3. of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Prior to achieving high precision navigation of a spacecraft using X-ray observations, a pulsar rotation model must be built and analysis of the precise posi- tion of the Earth should be performed using ground pulsar timing observations. We can simulate time-of-arrival ground observation data close to actual observed values before using pulsar timing observation data. Considering the correlation between the Earth＇s position and its short arc section of an orbit, we use polynomial regression to build the correlation. Regression coefficients can be calculated using the least square method, and a coordinate component series can also be obtained; that is, we can calcu- late Earth＇s position in the Barycentric Celestial Reference System according to pulse arrival time data and a precise pulsar rotation model. In order to set appropriate param- eters before the actual timing observations for Earth positioning, we can calculate the influence of the spatial distribution of pulsars on errors in the positioning result and the influence of error source variation on positioning by simulation. It is significant that the threshold values of the observation and systematic errors can be established before an actual observation occurs; namely, we can determine the observation mode with small errors and reject the observed data with big errors, thus improving the positioning result.

关键词： autonomous positioning - millisecond pulsar - pulsar timing - re-gression analysis

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Conceptual design and simulation analysis of thermal behaviors of TGR blast furnace and oxygen blast furnace

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 85-92页

作者： ZHANG Hui1,2,LI HuiQuan1,TANG Qing1 & BAO WeiJun1 1 National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology,Institute of Process Engineering,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100190,{3. 2 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100049,{3. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China graduate university of chinese {3. of sciences Beijing China

Extensive use of carbon based fuel is the main inducement for global warming and more extreme *** carbon dioxide emission and enhancing energy use is a common subject in steel *** the integrated steel plant,decreasing carbon dioxide emission must consider energy balance in the whole iron and steel works,and secondary energy must be actively *** promising blast-furnaces,top gas recovery blast furnace(TGR-BF) and oxygen blast furnace have been *** this paper,conceptual TGR blast furnace and oxygen blast furnace are *** on the idea of blast furnace gas de-CO2 circulating as reducing agent and the idea of pure oxygen blast decreasing the thermal reserve zone temperature,process modeling is conducted with ASPEN *** is shown that the developed model reasonably describes the energy balance and mass balance feature of the furnace,and provides basic thermodynamic condition for *** effects of changes in different operation conditions are studied by sensitivity analysis and reference data from simulation.

关键词： TGR blast-furnace thermal behavior simulation analysis CO2 emission decreasing

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CH_4 uptake flux of Leymus chinensis steppe during rapid growth season in Inner Mongolia,china

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第7期53卷 977-983页

作者： GENG YuanBo1, LUO GuangQiang1,2 & YUAN GuoFu1 1 Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, china 2 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, china Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China graduate university of chinese {3. of sciences Beijing China

The influence of near ground atmosphere CH4 concentration, soil water content, soil Eh, plants, soil temperature, and pH on CH4 uptake flux of Leymus chinensis steppe during rapid growth season was studied using field in-situ measurement in Xilin River basin of Inner Mongolia, china. The results showed that CH4 uptake flux was positively correlated with near ground atmosphere CH4 concentration and soil Eh but negatively correlated with soil water content. Precipitation may decrease the CH4 flux by increasing the soil water content. The average fluxes of three treatments during the observation period were 1.52 (natural conditions, 1.51 (aboveground plants were excluded), and 2.00 mg m?2 d?1 (all plants were removed), respectively. The difference between the CH4 flux of natural condition treatment and that of removing aboveground plants treatment is small, whereas the flux of removing all plants treatment is larger than the other two treatments. This means that the contribution of aboveground plants to CH4 uptake flux is smaller than that of roots or roots-removing process. CH4 uptake flux is not sensitive to soil temperature and the narrow-ranged soil pH (6.3.–7.86). The Leymus chinensis steppe acts as a sink for CH4, and thus more studies should be focused on its affecting factors and related mechanisms.

关键词： CH4 uptake flux Leymus chinensis steppe affecting factors static opaque chamber/gas chromatography method

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Display of aggregation-prone ligand binding domain of human PPAR gamma on surface of bacteriophage lambda

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第1期27卷 91-99页

作者： Bo KONG~(2,4) Wei-jun MA~(2,3.5)2 Institute of Health sciences.Shanghai Institutes for Biological sciences,chinese {3. of sciences and Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong university.Shanghai 200025.china 3.Shaughai Research Center of Biotechnology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological sciences,Chiese {3. og sciences,Shanghai 20023..china 4 graduate School of the chinese {3. of sciences Institute of Health sciences Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences and Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China graduate School of the chinese academy of {3. China Shanghai Research Center of Biotechnology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

Aim:To display the aggregation-prone ligand binding domain (LBD) of the hu-man peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) on the surface ofbacteriophages to establish an easy screening assay for the identification of PPARγ***:Plasmids were constructed for the expression of the PPARγLBD as a fusion to the N-terminus of the g3. protein of filamentous phage or theC-terminus of the capsid protein D (pD) of phage *** fusion proteinswere expressed in E coli and solubility characteristics were *** against the LBD as well as the pD protein were prepared for Westernblot analysis and phage capture ***:The pD-LBD fusion protein waspartially soluble,whereas the LBD-g3. fusion protein was detected only in theinsoluble *** pD-LBD fusion protein was efficiently incorporated inphage ***,the LBD was shown to be displayed on the surfaceof bacteriophage *** average,the pD-LBD fusion protein accounted for28% of the total pD protein in the lambda head ***:The hydro-phobic PPARγ LBD was expressed as a soluble form of fusion protein in E coli anddisplayed on the surface of bacteriophage lambda when it was fused to the lambdapD *** lambda pD fusion system could be used for improving the solu-bility of proteins that tend to form inclusion bodies when expressed in E *** phage particles displaying the LBD of PPARy may be of great value for theidentification of novel PPARγ ligands.

关键词： protein expression lambda phage surface display nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ligand binding domain

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