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Design and simulation investigations on charge transport layers‑free in lead‑free three absorber layer all‑perovskite solar cells

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 69-85页

作者： guangdong Li Mingxiang Xu Zhong Chen School of Physics Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

The multiple absorber layer perovskite solar cells(PSCs)with charge transport layers-free(CTLs-free)have drawn widespread research interest due to their simplified architecture and promising photoelectric *** the circumstances,the novel design of CTLs-free inversion PSCs with stable and nontoxic three absorber layers(triple Cs_(3.Bi_(2)I_(9),single MASnI_(3.,double Cs_(2)TiBr_(6))as optical-harvester has been numerically simulated by utilizing wxAMPS simulation software and achieved high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 14.883.0}.This is owing to the innovative architecture of PSCs favors efficient transport and extraction of more holes and the slender band gap MASnI_(3.extends the absorption spectrum to the near-infrared periphery compared with the two absorber layers architecture of ***,the performance of the device with p-type-Cs_(3.Bi_(2)I_(9)/p-type-MASnI_(3./n-type-Cs_(2)TiBr_(6)architecture is superior to the one with the p-type-Cs_(3.Bi_(2)I_(9)/ntype-MASnI_(3./n-type-Cs_(2)TiBr_(6)architecture due to less carrier recombination and higher carrier life time inside the absorber *** simulation results reveal that Cs_(2)TiF_(6)double perovskite material stands out as the best ***,an excellent PCE of 21.4.3.%can be obtained with the thicker MASnI_(3.absorber layer thickness(0.4.m).Lastly,the highestperformance photovoltaic devices(28.6193.)can be created with the optimized perovskite doping density of around E15 cm^(3.(Cs_(3.Bi_(2)I_(9)),E18 cm^(3.(MASnI_(3.),and 1.5E19 cm^(3.(Cs_(2)TiBr_(6)).This work manifests that the proposed CTLs-free PSCs with multi-absorber layers shall be a relevant reference for forward applications in electro-optical and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Multiple absorber layer PSCs CTLS-free·Inverted Narrow-band gap Simulation

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Reply to“Comment on ‘Recent progress in thermodynamics of radiation—Exergy of radiation,effective temperature of photon and entropy constant of photon'”

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第3期53卷 878-880页

作者： CHEN ZeShao 1,MO SongPing 1,2 &HU Peng 1 1Department of Thermal Science and energy Engineering,university of Science and technology of China,Hefei 23.027,China 2 Faculty of {3. and energy,guangdong university of technology,guangzhou 510006,China 1. Department of Thermal Science and energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China2. Faculty of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China

Two counterexamples in Liu's comment on'Recent Progress in Thermodynamics of Radiation—Exergy of radiation,effective temperature of photon and entropy constant of photon'are analyzed and the incorrect applications of the related concepts are *** similarities and differences between the concepts of the effective temperature of photon,the exergy of spectral radiation,the entropy constant of photon and the macroscopic concepts of temperature,exergy,and entropy are further *** duality of radiant energy,micro-state quantum characteristic and macro-state thermal characteristic is presented.

关键词： thermodynamics of radiation photon entropy

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Effect of Annealing Temperature on GMR of [NiFeCo(10 nm)/Ag(10 nm)]×20 Multilayer Film

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Journal of materials Science & technology 2004年第2期20卷 179-181页

作者： Yuding HE, Shejun HU, Jian LI and Guangrong XIECollege of material and energy, guangdong university of technology, {3. 51064., China Coll. of Mat. and energy Guangdong Univ. of Technol. Guangzhou 510643 China

The composition, phase structure, and microstructure of the discontinuous multilayer films [NiFeCo(10 nm)/ Ag(10 nm)]×20 annealed at temperature 280, 3.0, 3.0 and 4.0℃, respectively were investigated. GMR (giant magnetore-sistance) ratios of the multilayer films were measured at different temperatures. The results showed that FeNi3.precipitated at 3.0℃ and dissolved at 4.0℃. The films annealed at 3.0℃ for 1 h exhibited the highest GMR ratio 11% when saturation field was equal to 79.6 kA/m.

关键词： Multilayer film Annealing GMR [NiFeCo(10 nm)/Ag(10 nm)]×20

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Lithium intercalation/de-intercalation behavior of a composite Sn/C thin film fabricated by magnetron sputtering

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Rare Metals 2008年第5期27卷 507-512页

作者： ZHAO Lingzhi HU Shejun LI Weishan LI Liming HOU Xianhua Department of Chemistry South China Normal UniversiO guangzhou 510006 China Faculty of material and energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Key Lab of technology on Electrochemical energy Storage and Power Generation in guangdong Universities Guangzhou 510006 China Department of Mathernatics and Physics Wuyi University Jiangmen 529020 China

A tin film of 3.0 nm in thickness on Cu foil and its composite film with graphite of-50 nm in thickness on it were fabricated by magnetron sputtering. The surface morphology, composition, surface distributions of alloy elements, and lithium intercalation/de-intercalation behaviors of the fabricated films were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, electron probe microanalyzer （EPMA）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP）, cyclic voltammetry （CV）, and galvanostatic charge/discharge （GC） measurements. It is found that the lithium intercalation/de-intercalation behavior of the Sn film can be significantly improved by its composite with graphite. With cycling, the discharge capacity of the Sn film without composite changes from 570 mAh/g of the 2nd cycle to 270 mAh/g of the 20th cycle, and its efficiency for the discharge and charge is between 90% and 95%. Nevertheless, the discharge capacity of the composite Sn/C film changes from 575 mAh/g of the 2nd cycle to 515 mAh/g of the 20th cycle, and its efficiency for the discharge and charge is between 95% and 100%. The performance improvement of tin by its composite with graphite is ascribed to the retardation of the bulk tin cracking from volume change during lithium intercalation and de-intercalation, which leads to the pulverization of tin.

关键词： lithium-ion battery anode magnetron sputtering composite film lithium intercalation/de-intercalation

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Exotic structure of the third excited state in^(21)Na

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第23期50卷 2677-2680页

作者： LI Xihan1,2,3. LIANG Yujie1,2,3. DENG Fuguo1,2,3. LIU Zuhua1,4.& ZHOU Hongyu1,2,3.1. Key Laboratory of Beam technology and material Modification of Minister of Education, Beijing Normal {3., Beijing 100875, China 2. Institute of Low {3. Nuclear Physics, and Department of material Science and Engineering, Beijing Normal {3., Beijing 100875, China 3. Beijing Radiation Center, Beijing 100875, China 4. China Institute of Atomic {3., Beijing 1024.3. China Key Laboratory of Beam technology and material Modification of Minister of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Institute of Low energy Nuclear Physics and Department of Material Science and Engineering Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Beijing Radiation Center Beijing 100875 China China Institute of Atomic energy Beijing 102413 China

The probability of the last proton being out of the binding potential, P and the root-mean-square (rms) ra- dius (1/2= of the third excited state in 21Na are calcu- lated by means of asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC) method with the experimental date existing. The results are P=54.73. and 1/2=5.28 fm respectively. The P value and the contribution of the asymptotic part to the 1/2 are compared with those of several other low energy states in 21Na. It is found that the valence particle in the third excited state has an obvious larger P than those of other states. The density distribution of the valence proton in this state is also compared with the nucleons in the nuclear core 20Ne, and a far extended tail can be seen clearly. These results show that the third ex- cited state in 21Na is a proton halo state.

关键词：钠第三激发态外部结构有效半径密度分布渐近标准化系数

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HCWCI/Carbon Steel Bimetal Liner by Liquid-Liquid Compound Lost Foam Casting

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第10期19卷 13-19页

作者： XIAO Xiao-feng1,2, YE Sheng-ping2, YIN Wei-xin3. XUE Qiong4.(1. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile university, Wuhan 4.0073. Hubei, China 2. State Key Laboratory of {3. Processing and Die and Mould technology, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Wuhan 4.0074. Hubei, China 3. Wuhan Zhike Abrasive-Resistant {3. Science and technology Development Co Ltd, Wuhan 4.0073. Hubei, China 4. College of Science, Wuhan university of technology, Wuhan 4.0079, Hubei, China) [a] School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073 Hubei China [b] State Key Laboratory of material Processing and Die and Mould technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei China [c] Wuhan Zhike Abrasive-Resistant material Science and technology Development Co Ltd Wuhan 430073 Hubei China [d] College of Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430079 Hubei China

Impact, friction and corrosion from the grinding balls and the grinding medium during the mineral processing result in liner breakage. Liner, made from Hadfield steel or alloyed steel, could not have served in wet grinding environment for more than ten months. Composite liner, made from HCWCI (high Cr white cast iron) and carbon steel, has been developed successfully with liquid-liquid composing process based on LFC (lost foam casting). The microstructure of composite was analyzed with optical microscope, SEM (scanning electron microscope)/EDX energy-dispersive X-ray and XRD (X-ray diffraction). According to micrograph, the combination region of two metals was staggered like dogtooth, no mixtures occurred between two liquid metals, and its interface presented excellent metallurgical bonding state. The results of mechanical property test show that, the hardness of HRC, the fracture toughness, and the bending strength are more than 61, 16.5 J/cm2 and 1 600 MPa, respectively. Comparison between liners made from bimetal composite and alloyed steel has also been investigated in industrial hematite ball mill. The results of eight months test in wet grinding environment prove that the service life of bimetal composite liner is three times as long as that of one made from alloyed steel.

关键词： composite liner bimetal liquid-liquid compound composite interface lost foam casting high Cr white cast iron

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Effects of rare-earth elements on the glass-forming ability and mechanical properties of Cu_(4.)Zr_(4.-x)Al_7M_x(M = Ce,Pr,Tb,and Gd) bulk metallic glasses

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Rare Metals 2010年第5期29卷 444-450页

作者： XIE Zhiwei ZHANG Yongzhang YANG Yuanzheng CHEN Xianzhao TAO Pingjun Faculty of material and energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China

Cu4.Zr4.-xA17Mx （M = Ce, Pr, Tb, and Gd） bulk metallic glassy （BMG） alloys were prepared by copper-mold vacuum suction casting. The effects of rare-earth elements on the glass-forming ability （GFA）, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of Cu4.Zr4.-xA17Mx were investigated. The GFA of Cu4.Zr4.-xA17Mx （M = Ce, Pr） alloys is dependent on the content of Ce and Pr, and the optimal content is 4.at.%. Cu4.Zr4.-xA17Thx（X = 2, 4. and 5） amorphous alloys with a diameter of 5 mm can be prepared. The GFA of Cu4.Zr4.-xA17Gdx（x = 2, 4. and 5） increases with increasing Gd. Tx and Tp of all decrease. Tg is dependent on the rare-earth element and its content. ATx for most of these alloys decreases except the Cu4.Zra2Al7Gd5 alloy. The activation energies △Eg, △Ex, and △Ep for the Cu4.Zr4.A17Gd5 BMG alloy with Kissinger equations are 3.0}.7, 211.3. and 211.3.kJ/mol, respectively. These values with Ozawa equations are 3.4.8, 210.3. and 210.3.kJ/mol, respec- tively. The Cu4.Zr4.Al7Tb2 alloy presents the highest microhardness, Hv 590, while the Cu4.Zr4.A17Pr4.alloy presents the least, Hv 4.9. The compressive strength （at.f.） of the Cu4.Zra3.17Gd4.BMG alloy is higher than that of the Cu4.Zr4.Al7Tb4.BMG alloy.

关键词： amorphous materials metallic glass rare-earth elements suction casting glass-forming ability mechanical property

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Optimal reactions for the synthesis of superheavy nucleus ^(270)Hs

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第6期49卷 641-648页

作者： LIU Zuhua1,3.& BAO Jingdong1,2 1. Key Laboratory of Beam technology and material Modification of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100875, China 2. Physics Department, Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100875, China 3. China Institute of Atomic {4., Beijing 1024.3. China Key Laboratory of Beam technology material Modification of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Physics Department Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China China Institute of Atomic energy Beijing 102413 China

The superheavy nucleus 270Hs is expected to be a “double-magic” deformed nucleus. We have calculated its cross sections of evaporation residue for the reactions 24.Cm(26Mg,4.)270Hs, 24.Pu(3.Si,4.)270Hs, 23.U(3.S,4.)270Hs and 226Ra(4.Ca,4.)270Hs using a two-parameter Smoluchowski equation. It is found from our results that 226Ra(4.Ca,4.)270Hs and 23.U(3.S,4.)270Hs are two optimal reactions for the synthesis of the superheavy nucleus 270Hs due to their large negative Q-values.

关键词： diffused fusion barrier,Smoluchowski equation,superheavy nuclei.

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The characteristics of arc beam shaping in hybrid plasma and laser deposition manufacturing

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 238-247页

作者： ZHANG Hai’ou1, QIAN Yingping1,3. WANG Guilan1 & ZHENG Qiguang2 1. School of material Science and technology, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Wuhan 4.0074. China 2. Institute of Laser technology and Engineering, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Wuhan 4.0074. China 3. Mechanical Engineering College, Hubei university of technology, Wuhan 4.0068, China 1. School of material Science and technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China 3. Mechanical Engineering College Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China 2. Institute of Laser technology and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

As a new direct metal prototyping technology,the hybrid plasma and laser deposition manufacturing (PLDM) is proposed in this paper. In order to figure out the characteristics of plasma arc beam and mould in the PLDM process of high temperature alloy, the high speed CCD camera is used to obtain the picture around the plasma arc. Afterwards the sketch of picture is clearly obtained. And the effect of laser parameter, such as average power, pulse width, pulse repetition frequency and the angle between laser beam and plasma arc beam on the plasma arc appearance, is studied experimentally. The results show that the modality of plasma arc beam is markedly influenced by laser beam. And the improvements of shape precision and surface state of the layer deposited by PLDM are confirmed.

关键词： plasma hybrid laser, direct deposition, plasma arc beam, molding character, high-temperature alloy.

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Influence of Additive Silica on the Laser Melting of the Ceramic Coatings

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Journal of materials Science & technology 2003年第1期19卷 33-36页

作者： Yuanzheng YANG, Xiaojun BAI, Zhiwei XIE and Tongchun KUANGFaculty of material and energy, guangdong university of technology, {3. 51064., ChinaZhengyi LIU and Yuzhi ZHUANGDept. of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, South China {4. of technology, {3. 51064., ChinaBaiyun TONG and Yong LIANGInstitute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, China Faculty of Mat. and energy Guangdong Univ. of Technol. Guangzhou 510643 China Dept. of Mech.-Electron. Eng. South China Univ. of Technol. Guangzhou 510641 China Inst. of Metal Res. Chinese Acad. of Sci. Shenyang 110016 China

The influence of additive silica on the microstructure of plasma sprayed Al2O3.and Al2O3.13.wt pct TiO2 ceramiccoatings at laser melting has been investigated in this study. At the laser melting, additive silica in Al2O3.ceramiccoating can reduce the stress of cooling shrinkage generated during solidification. Moreover, silica can render finersize of grains of the melting layer and form continuous glassy matter around the grain boundaries so as to reducefurther the cooling stresses and to suppress the formation and spreading of cracks. On the other hand, at the lasermelting, TiO2 reacts with Al2O3.and transforms into TiAl2O5. The latter new phase has great and anisotropiccoefficients of thermal expansion leading to big and asymmetrical stresses and thus to form cracks in the meltinglayer of Al2O3.13.wt pet TiO2 coating. Due to the fact that the influence of additive silica on the suppression of theformation of cracks is rather limited and cannot counterbalance the negative effect of TiAl2O5, thus the melting layerof Al2O3.13.wt pct TiO2 coating doped with 3.wt pct SiO2 cracks also. Nevertheless, TiO2 can greatly developthe wear resistance of the ceramic coating as sprayed or laser melted.

关键词： Plasma spraying Laser remelting Additive silica Stress crack

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