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基于MPSoC平台的自动驾驶车辆故障运行控制

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S01期50卷 151-155页

作者： Dennis NIEDBALLA hans-christian.REUSS 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

在德国联邦研发项目UNICARagil中,开发了一个ECU,作为UNICARagil新颖的大脑架构的一部分。应用所谓的脑干部件,通过面向服务的架构,对全自动驾驶车辆进行安全关键的实时控制。本文介绍了该设备的硬件架构和基本软件架构,并列举了一些安... 详细信息

在德国联邦研发项目UNICARagil中,开发了一个ECU,作为UNICARagil新颖的大脑架构的一部分。应用所谓的脑干部件,通过面向服务的架构,对全自动驾驶车辆进行安全关键的实时控制。本文介绍了该设备的硬件架构和基本软件架构,并列举了一些安全措施。重点是MPSoC和OS配置、ECU的更新过程和启动过程。回退实例系统可以保护它免受引导加载程序、内核或根文件系统以及开发过程中和应用现场中的严重错误的影响。最后,列举了设备在车辆环境中的功能。在众多的科学内容出版物和社交媒体上,笔者展示了以使用脑干为核心部件的车辆通过试验场的测试情况。

关键词： MPSoC 故障运行嵌入式实时系统 UNICARagil PetaLinux

基于ISO 26262安全要求的汽车电子电气架构优化模型

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S01期50卷 247-251页

作者： Dorsa ZAHERI hans⁃christian.REUSS 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

在开发汽车电子电气(E/E)架构时,考虑安全要求是实现未来技术(如自动驾驶)的先决条件之一。按照ISO 26262标准,安全分析必须在产品开发生命周期的早期阶段进行,以检测设计缺陷并采取行动改善设计。本文提出了一种基于模型的方法,在汽车... 详细信息

在开发汽车电子电气(E/E)架构时,考虑安全要求是实现未来技术(如自动驾驶)的先决条件之一。按照ISO 26262标准,安全分析必须在产品开发生命周期的早期阶段进行,以检测设计缺陷并采取行动改善设计。本文提出了一种基于模型的方法,在汽车E/E架构的设计阶段解决符合ISO 26262的安全要求;同时,基于这些要求,提取了一组与安全相关的约束条件,并通过整数线性规划(ILP)模型将这些约束用于E/E架构的优化。

关键词：汽车电子电气电子电气架构优化模型安全要求 ISO 26262标准

The effects of artificial surface temperature on mechanical properties and player kinematics during landing and acceleration

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第3期5卷 355-360页

作者： Laura Charalambous hans christian.von Lieres und Wilkau Wolfgang Potthast Gareth Irwin Department of Sport Science and Physical Activity University of Bedfordshire Cardiff School of Sport Cardiff Metropolitan University Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics German Sport University Cologne

Background: Artificial turf is considered a feasible global alternative to natural turf by many sports governing bodies. Consequently, its ability to provide a safe and consistent playing surface regardless of climate becomes essential. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of artificial surface temperature on:(1) mechanical properties of the turf and(2) the kinematics of a turf-sport related ***: Two identical artificial turf pitches were tested: one with a cold surface temperature(1.8°C–2.4°C) and one with a warm surface temperature(14.5°C–15.2°C). Mechanical testing was performed to measure the surface properties. Four amateur soccer players performed a hurdle jump to sprint acceleration movement, with data(contact time, step length and hip, knee and ankle kinematics) collected using CODASport(200 Hz).Results: The temperature difference had a significant influence on the mechanical properties of the artificial turf, including force absorption,energy restitution, rotational resistance, and the height where the head injury criterion was met. Both step length(p = 0.008) and contact time(p = 0.002) of the initial step after the landing were significantly longer on the warm surface. In addition, significant range of motion and joint angular velocity differences were ***: These findings highlight different demands placed on players due to the surface temperature and suggest a need for coaches,practitioners, and sports governing bodies to be aware of these differences.

关键词： Artificial turf Biomechanics Rugby Soccer Temperature

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基于机器学习的车队数据分析

同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2021年第S01期49卷 186-193页

作者： EBEL André RIEMER Thomas REUSS hans-christian Research Institute of Automotive Engineering and Vehicle Engines Stuttgart(FKFS) 德国斯图加特70569 Institute of Automotive Engineering(IFS) University of Stuttgart德国斯图加特70569

为了增强新一代车辆的功能和安全性,收集了大量的车辆行驶历史数据,利用机器学习方法创建基于规则的计算模型,以检测车队中的故障车辆。详细介绍了模型的设计步骤,并通过低压电池的电气故障测试进行该方法的有效性验证。分析结果可供后... 详细信息

为了增强新一代车辆的功能和安全性,收集了大量的车辆行驶历史数据,利用机器学习方法创建基于规则的计算模型,以检测车队中的故障车辆。详细介绍了模型的设计步骤,并通过低压电池的电气故障测试进行该方法的有效性验证。分析结果可供后续车型台架测试参考。

关键词：车队数据机器学习规则学习测试条件

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基于横向磁通电机的派生能量收集研究

同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S01期50卷 181-185页

作者： Lukas BRANDL Ralf SAUERWALD hans-christian.REUSS 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

为了监测汽车电机的工作情况需要应用各类传感器,其中的挑战之一是为在旋转部件上布置的传感器提供电能。通过使用能量收集器,可以将电机中的寄生能量如电磁能和动能收集、转化为电能并储存,存储的电能可用来操作传感器。因此,本文以电... 详细信息

为了监测汽车电机的工作情况需要应用各类传感器,其中的挑战之一是为在旋转部件上布置的传感器提供电能。通过使用能量收集器,可以将电机中的寄生能量如电磁能和动能收集、转化为电能并储存,存储的电能可用来操作传感器。因此,本文以电机转子为重点,对一台横向磁通机进行研究,其中能量收集器用于收集足够的能量,并为一个温度传感器以及低功耗蓝牙非接触数据传输供电。为此,本文计算了当能量收集器被放置在横向磁通电机转子上时,在运行和生产过程中可望收集到的能量值。

关键词：自供能传感器能量收集电动机

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: The clinical challenge of a leaky gut and a cirrhotic liver

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 304-314页

作者： Philipp Lutz hans Dieter Nischalke christian.P Strassburg Ulrich Spengler Department of Internal Medicine I University of Bonn German Center for Infection Research

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) is a frequent, life-threatening bacterial infection in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. Portal hypertension leads to increased bacterial translocation from the intestine. Failure to eliminate invading pathogens due to immune defects associated with advanced liver disease on the background of genetic predisposition may result in SBP. The efficacy of antibiotic treatment and prophylaxis has declined due to the spread of multi-resistant bacteria. Patients with nosocomial SBP and with prior antibiotictreatment are at a particularly high risk for infection with resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is important to adapt empirical treatment to these risk factors and to the local resistance profile. Rifaximin, an oral, nonabsorbable antibiotic, has been proposed to prevent SBP, but may be useful only in a subset of patients. Since novel antibiotic classes are lacking, we have to develop prophylactic strategies which do not induce bacterial resistance. Farnesoid X receptor agonists may be a candidate, but so far, clinical studies are not available. New diagnostic tests which can be carried out quickly at the patient's site and provide additional prognostic information would be helpful. Furthermore, we need tools to predict antibiotic resistance in order to tailor first-line antibiotic treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to the individual patient and to reduce mortality.

关键词： Ascites Cirrhosis Farnesoid X receptor Liver Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domaincontaining 2 Rifaximin Prophylaxis Spontaneousbacterial peritonitis Toll-like receptor 2

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基于电阻器耦合的电动汽车感应充电定位

同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S01期50卷 165-169页

作者： Ralf SAUERWALD Lukas BRANDL hans-christian.REUSS 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

目前,市场上出现越来越多的以电池为动力的电动汽车,其中大多数电动汽车必须通过有线充电装置进行充电。与之相对应的感应式无线充电系统,可以让充电过程更加舒适。无线充电系统一般由初级线圈和次级线圈组成,其中初级线圈可以建立在停... 详细信息

目前,市场上出现越来越多的以电池为动力的电动汽车,其中大多数电动汽车必须通过有线充电装置进行充电。与之相对应的感应式无线充电系统,可以让充电过程更加舒适。无线充电系统一般由初级线圈和次级线圈组成,其中初级线圈可以建立在停车场,将电能转化为场能;次级线圈安装在车辆中,接收初级线圈能量并转化为电能,为车辆电池充电。为保证充电过程安全有效,初级线圈和次级线圈必须充分耦合,这可通过将车辆准确定位在初级线圈上方来实现。本文提出了一种简单而经济的方法来验证线圈之间的耦合是否足以满足充电条件。通过安装在次级线圈侧的电阻,来模拟在确定工作条件下无线充电系统的电池负载;电阻两端电压可以用来估计线圈之间的耦合度,以反映车辆与初级线圈的相对位置。本文在数学和物理原理的基础上解释了这个概念,并在一个真实的无线电传输线路上进行了试验评估。

关键词：电动汽车无线动力充电联轴器定位

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一种自动驾驶电动汽车线束布局优化方法

同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S01期50卷 186-191页

作者： Jonas MAIER Benjamin KRüGER hans-christian.REUSS 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

近年来,随着汽车自动驾驶、数字化、电动化技术的不断发展,汽车的功能不断增加,车辆内部线束也随之增加。由于过多的线束导致车辆自重增加的问题日益突出。为了实现能源的高效利用和出行方式的可持续性,开发人员需要通过优化线束布置来... 详细信息

近年来,随着汽车自动驾驶、数字化、电动化技术的不断发展,汽车的功能不断增加,车辆内部线束也随之增加。由于过多的线束导致车辆自重增加的问题日益突出。为了实现能源的高效利用和出行方式的可持续性,开发人员需要通过优化线束布置来尽可能多的减轻车辆自重,同时降低成本。由于与线束相连的车辆零件位置固定,因此需要一个算法在车辆零件位置为限制条件下,优化车辆线束布局。之前的研究方法通常只考虑线束设计的部分限制因素,且没有考虑线束三维结构。在本文研究中,开发了一种新型的优化线束布局的方法,该方法考虑了与包装,温度负载以及装配难易相关的各种限制因素。该方法可以根据设计需求来控制线束布置方法,如在沿着车辆纵轴方向布置更多线束,以避免在车辆外围布置线束。通过该方法,可以高效地计算出线束长度、直径,以及精确的布线路径。

关键词：电动汽车汽车线束布线优化 Dijkstra算法

Single-operator cholangioscopy for biliary complications in liver transplant recipients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第22期23卷 4064-4071页

作者： Anna Hüsing-Kabar Hauke Sebastian Heinzow Hartmut hans-Jürgen Schmidt Carina Stenger hans Ulrich Gerth Michele Pohlen Gerold Tholking christian.Wilms Iyad Kabar Department of Transplant Medicine University Hospital Muenster Department of Medicine D Division of General Internal MedicineNephrology and RheumatologyUniversity Hospital Muenster Department of Medicine A Hematology and OncologyUniversity Hospital Muenster

To evaluate cholangioscopy in addition to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for management of biliary complications after liver transplantation (LT).METHODSTwenty-six LT recipients with duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction who underwent ERCP for suspected biliary complications between April and December 2016 at the university hospital of Muenster were consecutively enrolled in this observational study. After evaluating bile ducts using fluoroscopy, cholangioscopy using a modern digital single-operator cholangioscopy system (SpyGlass DS™) was performed during the same procedure with patients under conscious sedation. All patients received peri-interventional antibiotic prophylaxis and bile was collected during the intervention for microbial analysis and for antibiotic susceptibility ***-three biliary complications were found in a total of 22 patients, whereas four patients showed normal bile ducts. Anastomotic strictures were evident in 14 (53.8%) patients, non-anastomotic strictures in seven (26.9%), biliary cast in three (11.5%), and stones in six (23.1%). A benefit of cholangioscopy was seen in 12 (46.2%) patients. In four of them, cholangioscopy was crucial for selective guidewire placement prior to planned intervention. In six patients, biliary cast and/or stones failed to be diagnosed by ERCP and were only detectable through cholangioscopy. In one case, a bile duct ulcer due to fungal infection was diagnosed by cholangioscopy. In another case, signs of bile duct inflammation caused by acute cholangitis were evident. One patient developed post-interventional cholangitis. No further procedure-related complications occurred. Thirty-seven isolates were found in bile. Sixteen of these were gram-positive (43.2%), 12 (32.4%) were gram-negative bacteria, and Candida species accounted for 24.3% of all isolated microorganisms. Interestingly, only 48.6% of specimens were sensitive to prophylactic ***-operator c

关键词： Cholangioscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Liver transplantation Biliary complications Biliary strictures