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赤道太平洋暖水区的东西振荡与“埃尔尼诺”(El Nio)发展的关系

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科学通报 1986年第2期31卷 126-128页

作者：符淙斌 H.Diaz j.fletcher 中国科学院大气物理研究所美国国家海洋大气局美国国家海洋大气局北京

本文扼要报道我们对1932年来11次“埃尔尼诺”事件中,中西赤道太平洋最暖海区的东西振荡特征的研究结果,所用资料是美国最新建立的综合海洋——大气资料系统,简称COADS, 文中选择的埃尔尼诺年为:1940—1941,1946,1951,1953,1957,1963,19... 详细信息

本文扼要报道我们对1932年来11次“埃尔尼诺”事件中,中西赤道太平洋最暖海区的东西振荡特征的研究结果,所用资料是美国最新建立的综合海洋——大气资料系统,简称COADS, 文中选择的埃尔尼诺年为:1940—1941,1946,1951,1953,1957,1963,1965,1969,1972,1976和1982—1983,选择的标准综合考虑了海面温度和南方涛动(Southern Oscillation)

关键词：埃尔尼诺事件海面温度南方涛动赤道厄尔尼诺暖水区 El Ni 东西

面理弯切轴测量技术在造山带研究中的应用--以美国阿肯色河地区为例

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岩石学报 2012年第6期28卷 1937-1948页

作者：曹汇 Chris fletcher 大陆构造与动力学国家重点实验室中国地质科学院地质研究所北京100037 澳大利亚詹姆斯库克大学地球科学学院澳大利亚汤斯维尔Qld 4811

基于变形分解理论提出的面理弯切轴测量技术,通过对变斑晶中多期面理的测定分析,为厘定造山运动中的变形过程提供了新的精确定量研究手段。面理弯切轴数据已经被用于解决地质领域多种问题,例如:研究造山运动过程中变形变质历史以及在区... 详细信息

基于变形分解理论提出的面理弯切轴测量技术,通过对变斑晶中多期面理的测定分析,为厘定造山运动中的变形过程提供了新的精确定量研究手段。面理弯切轴数据已经被用于解决地质领域多种问题,例如:研究造山运动过程中变形变质历史以及在区域和造山带尺度对比多期变质作用;论证变斑晶生长过程是否发生旋转;变斑晶成核生长与区域变形过程之间的关系;重建板块运动历史过程;约束不同地质事件的发生时限;划分复杂变形分解类型以及岩浆侵位机制及时限研究。本文主要介绍面理弯切轴测量方法的原理、具体测定方法、研究意义及应用范围,并以美国阿肯色地区为例,详细介绍了面理弯切轴测量技术在造山运动过程区域变形历史重建中的应用。

关键词：造山运动过程面理弯切轴变斑晶变形分解作用

ROLE OF RESTING SYSTOLIC LOADING CONDITIONS IN DETERMINING LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTIONAL RESERVE IN CHRONIC AORTIC REGURGITATION

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1987年第7期100卷 527-534页

作者：沈卫峰龚兰生 Peter j. fletcher Gary S. Roubin Phillip j. Harris David T. Kelly Ruij.n Hospital Shanghai Second Medical University Shanghai Hallstrom Institute of Cardiology University of Sydney Sydney Australia

The relationship between systolic loading condi-tions at rest and left ventricular （LV） functional response to exercise was assessed in 31 patients with aortic regurgitation （AR） and 10 controls. The peak and end systolic wall stress determined from echocar-diography and cuff systolic pressure at rest were used as indirect measures of LV systolic loading, and compared with LV ej.ction fraction response to handgrip and bicycle exercise by radionuclide ven-trieulography. Both peak and end systolic wall stress were significantly higber in asymptomatic （164±33 and 90±25×10～3 dynes/cm2） and symptomatic （196±33 and 134±17×10～3 dynes/cm2） patients with AR than in the controls （125±22 and 61±14×10～3 dynes cm2, pj.ction fraction during handgrip （r=-0.63 and r=-0.73） and bicycle （r=0.68 and r=-0.87） *** patients with AR, resting systolic loading conditions appear to reflect LV functional reserve during exercise.

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多形核中性粒细胞的获得性异常

国外医学（输血及血液学分册） 1991年第3期14卷 162-164页

作者： fletcher j.金任天

现今对中性多形核粒细胞(PMN)功能的了解多来自对健康人的体外实验,体内的情况常限于推论,疾病时PMN功能的改变可能仍属于生理性范畴,但本文作为“异常”而加以描述。在体外,PMN可被受调理素作用的颗粒或可溶性物质,如来自细胞壁的FMLP... 详细信息

现今对中性多形核粒细胞(PMN)功能的了解多来自对健康人的体外实验,体内的情况常限于推论,疾病时PMN功能的改变可能仍属于生理性范畴,但本文作为“异常”而加以描述。在体外,PMN可被受调理素作用的颗粒或可溶性物质,如来自细胞壁的FMLP(甲酰-甲硫氨酰-亮氨酰-苯丙氨酸)和C5 des arg(去精氨酸C5)

关键词： PMN 多形核粒细胞获得性异常

E-W MIGRATION OF THE WARMEST AREA OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE AT EQUATOR ASSOCIATED WITH THE PAST 11 EL NIO EVENTS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1986年第17期31卷 1188-1191页

作者：符淙斌 H.F.DIAZ j.O.fletcher Institute of Atmospheric Physics Academia Sinica Beijing National Ocean-Atmospheric Administration USA National Ocean-Atmospheric Administration USAhis is a brief report aimed at determining the longitudinal variation of the warmest sea surface temperature (SST) area during the past 11 E1 Ni(?)o events since 1932. The SST data are from the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmospheric Data Set (CoADS) established by the United States.

This is a brief report aimed at determining the longitudinal variation of the warmest sea surface temperature (SST) area during the past 11 E1 Ni(?)o events since 1932. The SST data are from the Comprehensive Ocean-At... 详细信息

关键词： SURFACE O EVENTS determining brief aimed longitudinal appearance distr dividing latent

Characteristics of the Chinese subj.cts entered the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial

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Chinese Medical j.urnal 2008年第16期121卷 1509-1512页

作者： LIU Li-sheng WANG j.-guang MA Shu-ping WANG Wen LU Fang-hong ZHANG Liang-qing Winston Banya Ruth Peters Nigel Beckett Astrid fletcher Christopher j. Bulpitt Beij.ng Hypertension League Institute Beijing 100039 China Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China Department of Cardiology Hebei Provincial Hospital Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051 China National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100037 China Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan Shandong 050051 China Shanxi Cardiovascular Institute Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China Care of the Elderly Hammersmith Hospital Imperial College London UK

Background The baseline characteristics of patients in a multinational trial are possibly related to cardiovascular outcome. This study compared the baseline characteristics of patients recruited in China with those recruited in other countries. Methods A total of 508 Chinese hypertensive men and 728 women over the age of 80 years who entered the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial （HYVET） were compared with those in 860 men and 1348 women who entered the trial in other countries. Results The Chinese subj.cts were slightly younger, had less previous hypertension but more previous strokes than the subj.cts from other countries. The Chinese subj.cts smoked more than those from other countries, but drank less alcohol. They had less previous episodes of myocardial infarction and were, on average, lighter and shorter. The Chinese had lower mean concentrations of blood urea, uric acid and creatinine as well as higher concentrations of high density lipoprotein （HDL） cholesterol. The concentration of total cholesterol was, on average, lower in the Chinese subj.cts as was blood glucose. The levels of serum sodium and potassium, blood hematocrit and hemoglobin were all, on average, lower in the Chinese subj.cts. Conclusions Calorie restriction, compared with the rest of the world, may have resulted in lower stature and weight, and recent increases in calorie intake have not changed the metabolic profile of the very elderly hypertensive patients in China. Some of these biochemical differences may reflect different dietary lifestyle in the Chinese.

关键词： elderly epidemiology hypertension China

华法林与阿司匹林在社区老年房颤人群中卒中预防作用的对比:随机对照BAFTA(Birmingham老年房颤治疗研究)试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2007年第12期3卷 8-9页

作者： Mant j. Hobbs F.R. fletcher K. 罗亮 Primary Care Clinical Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom.Dr

背景:抗凝药物降低房颤患者的卒中风险较抗血小板药物更为有效,但是在老年患者中此益处是否超过出血风险的增加尚不清楚。在老年患者中评价与阿司匹林相比华法林是否会降低大范围卒中、动脉栓塞或其他颅内出血的风险。方法:自初级医疗... 详细信息

背景:抗凝药物降低房颤患者的卒中风险较抗血小板药物更为有效,但是在老年患者中此益处是否超过出血风险的增加尚不清楚。在老年患者中评价与阿司匹林相比华法林是否会降低大范围卒中、动脉栓塞或其他颅内出血的风险。方法:自初级医疗中心纳入973例年龄≥75岁的房颤患者,患者被随机分配接受华法林(目标INR为2～3)或阿司匹林(75mg/d)治疗。

关键词：华法林 BAFTA Birmingham 老年房颤阿司匹林乙酰水杨酸

Cultivated Land Changes and Their Driving Forces——A Satellite Remote Sensing Analysis in the Yellow River Delta,China

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Pedosphere 2004年第1期14卷 93-102页

作者： ZHAOGeng-Xing G.LIN j.j.fletcher C.YUILL CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment ShandongAgriculturalUniversityTaian271018（China） RegionalResearchInstitute WestVirginiaUniversityMorgantownWV26505-6300（USA）

Taking Kenli County in the Yellow River Delta, China, as the study area and using digital satellite remote sensing techniques, cultivated land use changes and their corresponding driving forces were explored in this study. An interactive interpretation and a manual modification procedure were carried out to acquire cultivated land information. An overlay method based on classification results and a visual change detection method which was supported by land use maps were employed to detect the cultivated land changes. Based on the changes that were revealed and a spatial analysis between cultivated land use and related natural and socio-economic factors, the driving forces for cultivated land use changes in the study area were *** results showed a decrease in cultivated land in Kenli County of 5321.8 ha from 1987 to 1998, i.e.,an average annual decrement of 483.8 ha, which occurred mainly in the central paddy field region and the northeast dry land region. Adverse human activities, soil salinization and water deficiencies were the driving forces that caused these cultivated land use changes.

关键词： cultivated land driving force satellite remote sensing the yellow riverdelta

The measurement and modification of hypoxia in colorectal cancer:overlooked but not forgotten

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 132-144页

作者： Teddy fletcher Alex j.Thompson Hutan Ashrafian Ara Darzi Department of Surgery and Cancer Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother WingSt Mary’s HospitalImperial College LondonLondonUK The Hamlyn Centre Institute of Global Health InnovationImperial College LondonLondonUK

Tumour hypoxia is the inevitable consequence of a tumour’s rapid growth and disorganized,inefficient *** compensatorymechanisms employed by tumours,and indeed the absence of oxygen itself,hinder the ability of all *** clinical consequence is poorer overall survival,disease-free survival,and locoregional *** this,clinicians have been attenuating the effect of hypoxia,primarily with hypoxicmodification or with hypoxia-activated prodrugs,and notable success has been ***,in the case of colorectal cancer(CRC),there is a general paucity of knowledge and evidence surrounding themeasurement andmodification of hypoxia,and this is possibly due to the comparative inaccessibility of such *** specifically review the role of hypoxia in CRC and focus on the current evidence for the existence of hypoxia in CRC,themaj.rity of which originates from indirect positron emission topography imaging with hypoxia selective radiotracers;the evidence correlating CRC hypoxia with poorer oncological outcome,which is largely based on themeasurement of hypoxia inducible factor in correlation with clinical outcome;the evidence of hypoxicmodification in CRC,of which no direct evidence exists,but is reflected in a number of indirectmarkers;the prognostic andmonitoring implications of accurate CRC hypoxia quantification and its potential in the field of precision oncology;and the present and future imaging tools and technologies being developed for themeasurement of CRC hypoxia,including the use of blood-oxygenlevel-dependentmagnetic resonance imaging and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.

关键词： hypoxia colorectal neoplasm prognostication neoadj.vant chemoradiotherapy