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Efficiency of white lupin in the removal of mercury from contaminated soils: Soil and hydroponic experiments

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第3期22卷 421-427页

作者： Pilar Zornoza Rocío Milln M. Jos Sierra Almudena Seco Elvira Esteban Department of Agricultural Science Autonomous University of Madrid Francisco Tomsy Valiente 7. E-28049 Madrid Spain Research Center for Energy Environment and Technology Environmental Department. Soil Degradation Research Unit. Av. Complutense 22. E-28040 Madrid Spain

This study examined the ability of the white lupin to remove mercury （Hg） from a hydroponic system （Hg concentrations 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 μmol/L） and from soil in pots and lysimeters （total Hg concentration （19.2 ± 1.9） mg/kg availability 0.07%, and （28.9 ± 0.4） mg/kg availability 0.09%, respectively）, and investigated the accumulation and distribution of Hg in different parts of the plant. White lupin roots efficiently took up Hg, but its translocation to the harvestable parts of the plant was low. The Hg concentration in the seeds posed no risk to human health according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, but the shoots should not be used as fodder for livestock, at least when unmixed with other fodder crops. The accumulation of Hg in the hydroponically-grown plants was linear over the concentration range tested. The amount of Hg retained in the roots, relative to the shoots, was almost constant irrespective of Hg dose （90%）. In the soil experiments, Hg accumulation increased with exposure time and was the greater in the lysimeter than in the pot experiments. Although Hg removal was the greater in the hydroponic system, revealing the potential of the white lupin to extract Hg, bioaccumulation was the greatest in the lysimeter-grown plants; the latter system more likely reflects the true behaviour of white lupin in the field when Hg availability is a factor that limits Hg removal. The present results suggest that the white lupin could be used in long-term soil reclamation strategies that include the goal of profitable land use in Hg-polluted areas.

关键词： edible plant parts hydroponic-soil-lysimeter experiments Lupinus albus L. mercury

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Identifying the ground state structures of point defects in solids

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2095-2105页

作者： Irea Mosquera-Lois Seán R.Kavanagh Aron Walsh David O.Scanlon Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry University College London20 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H 0AJUK Thomas Young Centre and Department of Materials Imperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUK

Point defects are a universal feature of *** identification is addressed by combining experimental measurements with theoretical *** standard modelling approach is,however,prone to missing the ground state atomic configurations associated with energy-lowering reconstructions from the idealised crystallographic *** ground states compromise the accuracy of calculated *** address this issue,we report an approach to navigate the defect configurational landscape using targeted bond distortions and *** of our workflow to eight materials(CdTe,GaAs,Sb_(2)S_(3),Sb_(2)Se_(3),CeO_(2),In_(2)O_(3),ZnO,anatase-TiO_(2))reveals symmetry breaking in each host crystal that is not found via conventional local minimisation *** point defect distortions are classified by the associated physico-chemical *** demonstrate the impact of these defect distortions on derived properties,including formation energies,concentrations and charge transition *** work presents a step forward for quantitative modelling of imperfect solids.

关键词： ground distortion solids

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Detection of Chlorophenolic Compounds in Bleaching Effluents of Chemical Pulps

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中国造纸 2008年第5期27卷 35-40页

作者： Chhaya Sharma S. Mohanty S. Kumar n.J. Rao Department of Paper Technology IIT-Roorkee India Gas Authority of India Ltd. Calcutta India JP Institute Gunna India

Laboratory bleaching effluents from the chlorination and caustic extraction stages of mixed wood kraft pulp processing have been analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively for various chlorophenolics by using GC.A number of chlorinated derivaties of phenols,catechols,guaiacols and syringaldehydes have been detected and their concentrations are *** results are compared with that of different agriculture residue/hardwood pulps,which were reported in *** concentrations of various compounds detected have also been compared with their reported 96LC50 values.

关键词：化学纸浆漂白方法制造方法造纸技术

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Microstructural Feature of As-cast A-356 Alloy Modifiers with the Addition of SrO

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2014年第3期29卷 617-619页

作者： MU?IZ Rodrigo FLORES Alfredo ORTIZ Juan RODRíGUEZ nelly MARTínEZ Fernando OROZCO Pilar LUnA Jesús Equihua Fabián García Adrián Faculty of Engineering Autonomous University of Coahuila Camporedondo UnitSaltillo Coahuila México CInVESTAV Saltillo Unit Department of Metal Mechanics Technological Institute of Saltillo Faculty of Engineering Autonomous University of Zacatecas FIME Autonomous University of Coahuila Unit

To explore the effect of strontium on the structure of as-cast A356 alloy, the strontium was incorporated to the alloy by metallothermic reduction of SrO where the mineral was added to the melt through the submerged powders injection technique. The evaluation of the modification of the eutectie silicon and the chemical analysis of samples were done using optical microscopy （OP） and inductively coupled plasma （ICP）, respectively, while microstructural analyses by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and the injection time was variable. Magnesium was added to the melt to increase the reactivity and reduce the surface tension of the molten aluminum. It was possible to increase the strontium content from 0 to 0.027% after 20 minutes treatment. This concentration was sufficient to bring about full modification structure of eutectic silicon of as cast alloy A 356 and the acceptable quality metallurgical of alloy.

关键词： modification microstmcture strontium eutectic silicon submerged powder injection

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Extending the resolution limits of nanoshape imprint lithography using molecular dynamics of polymer crosslinking

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Microsystems & nanoengineering 2021年第1期7卷 141-150页

作者： Anshuman Cherala Parth n.Pandya Kenneth M.Liechti S.V.Sreenivasan nASCEnT Engineering Research Center The University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Emerging nanoscale applications in energy,electronics,optics,and medicine can exhibit enhanced performance by incorporating nanoshaped structures(nanoshape structures here are defined as shapes enabled by sharp corners with radius of curvaturenm).nanoshaped fabrication at high-throughput is well beyond the capabilities of advanced optical *** the highest-resolution e-beams and large-area e-beams have a resolution limit of 5 and 18 nm half-pitch lines or 20 nm half-pitch holes,respectively,their low throughput necessitates finding other fabrication *** using nanoimprint lithography followed by metal-assisted chemical etching,diamond-like nanoshapes with~3 nm radius corners and 100 nm half-pitch over large areas have been previously demonstrated to improve the nanowire capacitor performance(by~90%).In future dynamic random-access memory(DRAM)nodes(with DRAM being an exemplar CMOS application),the implementation of nanowire capacitors scaled tonm halfpitch is *** scale nanoshape imprint lithography down to these half-pitch values,the previously established atomistic simulation framework indicates that the current imprint resist materials are unable to retain the nanoshape structures needed for DRAM *** this study,the previous simulation framework is extended to study improved shape retention by varying the resist formulations and by introducing novel bridge structures in nanoshape *** simulation study has demonstrated viable approaches to sub-10 nm nanoshaped imprinting with good shape retention,which are matched by experimental data.

关键词： lithography shaped corners

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Modeling the Influence of Salt on the Hydrophobic Effect and Protein Fold Stability

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第1期13卷 90-106页

作者： Mihir S.Date Brian n.Dominy Department of Chemistry Clemson UniversityClemson SC 29631USA.

Salt influences protein stability through electrostatic mechanisms as well as through nonpolar Hofmeister *** the present work,a continuum solvation based model is developed to explore the impact of salt on protein *** model relies on a traditional Poisson-Boltzmann(PB)term to describe the polar or electrostatic effects of salt,and a surface area dependent term containing a salt concentration dependent microscopic surface tension function to capture the non-polar Hofmeister *** model is first validated against a series of cold-shock protein variants whose salt-dependent protein fold stability profiles have been previously determined *** approach is then applied to HIV-1 protease in order to explain an experimentally observed enhancement in stability and activity at high(1M)naCl *** inclusion of the salt-dependent non-polar term brings the model into quantitative agreement with experiment,and provides the basis for further studies into the impact of ionic strength on protein structure,function,and evolution.

关键词： Electrostatic stability hydrophobic effect halophile cold shock protein HIV-1 protease

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EVOLUTIOn OF CREEP-FATIGUE DAMAGE In TYPE 304STAInLESS STEEL AnD ITS DETECTIOn BY ELECTRICALPOTEnTIAL METHOD

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1998年第6期11卷 463-469页

作者： n.Tada T.Kitamura R.Ohtani E.nakayama Kyoto Univ Kyoto Japan

Creep-fatigue test was carried out using smooth round bar specimens of Type 304 stainless steel. Cavities and small cracks on the cross-section of the specimen were carefully observed by a scanning laser microscope. Moreover, direct current electrical potential method (DC-EPM) was applied in order to evaluate non-destructively the distribution of internal cracks. The distribution evaluated by DC-EPM agrees well with the actual one. (Edited author abstract) 9 Refs.

关键词： creep-fatigue cavity small crack Type 304 stainless steel electrical potential method

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缓释氮肥对水稻的增产效果及其氮素利用率

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土壤通报 2004年第3期35卷 311-315页

作者：李方敏艾天成周升波聂小菊刘芳华南农业大学资源与环境学院广东广州510642 长江大学涝渍灾害与湿地农业省级重点实验室湖北荆州434025

在潜育性粘壤质水稻土上研究了缓释性氮肥对水稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:4种供试缓释氮肥对水稻增产效果和吸氮量的顺序均为:IBDU>OM>U>GUS>CDU>CK;施肥后9d土壤中铵态氮含量最大,依次为:U>OM>IBDU>GUS>CDU>CK;在最大分蘖期... 详细信息

在潜育性粘壤质水稻土上研究了缓释性氮肥对水稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:4种供试缓释氮肥对水稻增产效果和吸氮量的顺序均为:IBDU>OM>U>GUS>CDU>CK;施肥后9d土壤中铵态氮含量最大,依次为:U>OM>IBDU>GUS>CDU>CK;在最大分蘖期前土壤硝态氮含量较多且相对稳定,至孕穗期急剧降低,抽穗至成熟期再度回升;相对于尿素,IBDU和OM能明显提高氮素利用率,分别比尿素的利用率增加了14.62%和8.57%。

关键词：缓释氮肥水稻氮素利用率产量

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An improved delta-star switching scheme for reactive power saving in three-phase induction motors

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Frontiers in Energy 2014年第3期8卷 364-370页

作者： R RAJA, n. KUMARESAn M. SUBBIAH Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu 620015 India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Rajalakshmi Engineering College Chennai 602105 India

It is proposed that a capacitor can be connected permanently across each phase winding of a three-phase induction motor along with the conventional delta-star switching, for further saving in VARh at reduced loads on the motor. The method of choosing a suitable value for the capacitor and the criteria to be adopted for calculating the power output at which the star to delta switching is to be made are also explained. The phase, 4-pole, 415 V, 50 Hz, 3 experimental results on a 3- 3 kW induction motor verify the advantages in adding the capacitor to the phase winding of the motor. Compared to using only a single delta connected stator winding or a delta-star switching, the advantages of the proposed addition of a capacitor, are also demonstrated through a case study conducted on a 400 V, 250 kW motor. Any further improvement in grid side power factor can be achieved by employing a static synchronous compensator （STATCOM） of reduced VAR rating.

关键词： delta-star switching induction motor powerfactor steady-state analysis

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Magnetic transitions and butterfly-shaped hysteresis of Sm-Fe-Al-based perovskite-type orthoferrite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第9期33卷 965-971页

作者： M.A.Ahmed n.G.Imam M.K.Abdelmaksoud Y.A.Saeid Materials Science Lab. Physics Department Faculty of Science Cairo University Materials Science Lab. Experimental Physics Department Nuclear Research Center Atomic Energy Authority

A1 doped SmFeO3 （SmFel_xmlxO3; 0.0〈x〈0.15; step 0.05） were prepared by double sintering ceramic technique. The obtained samples were crystallized in single phase structure except the sample with x=0.15. The unit cell volume was found to decrease with increasing AI substitution in orthoferrite. The effective magnetic moment （μeff） and the Curie constant （C） were calculated from the reciprocal of the molar magnetic susceptibility （Z-1） versus absolute temperature plot and found to attain maximum value for the parent sample. The magnetic behavior showed two different magnetic transitions, viz, n6el temperature （Tn） and spin reorientation （TsR） transitions. The M-H hysteresis loop of the parent sample took butterfly-shape as a result of different contributions anisotropies. From the magnetic properties measurements, it was obviously found that B-site cation dilution resulted in a drastic decrease in the magnetization. Surprisingly large value of the coercive field was obtained for the undoped sample;Hc=6198.80e. Based on the mentioned results, one can recommend the use of such orthoferrite in magnetic recording media and as pining layer in spin valve for spin- tronic applications.

关键词： SmFeO3 magnetization FESEM crystal structure spintronics spin reorientation butterfly-shaped hysteresis anisotropy rare earths

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