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Investigation of Nasal Mucosal IgA Responses in the Population Following COVID-19 Pandemic — China, September 2.2.–August 2.2.

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China CDC weekly 2024年第15期6卷 312-317,I0005页

作者： Boyang Li Lei Zhou Zhilong Chen Yanhan Wen qian Wang tao Huang Si Chen Wei Wu Mengxuan Wang Lina Sun Mifang Liang Shiwen Wang Ling Chen Qun Li National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Xiamen United Institute of Respiratory Health Xiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina Guangzhou Laboratory Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?Mucosal IgA plays a crucial role in host immunity against respiratory *** studies suggest that it has the potential to mitigate the transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.SARS-CoV-2.Omicron ***,a comprehensive population-based analysis examining mucosal IgA levels following the winter 2.2. wave of the coronavirus disease 2.19(COVID-19)pandemic is yet to be *** is added by this report?In our study involving 3,42. participants,we documented IgA responses subsequent to SARS-CoV-2.infection.A significant proportion of individuals sustained increased levels of IgA for over six *** levels were also observed in individuals with prior infections who underwent asymptomatic reinfections,indicating an active production of IgA ***,individuals with multiple vaccinations or severe symptoms tended to display elevated IgA levels after *** are the implications for public health practice?IgA in the nasal mucosa is crucial for defense against SARS-CoV-2.*** insights can enhance our knowledge of immune responses following infection and have provided certain reference values for disease prevention and control strategies.

关键词： prevention sustained immunity

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as a method for millimeter-scale inspection of surface flatness

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 148-155页

作者： Jinrui YE Yaju LI Zhao ZHANG Xinwei WANG Kewei tao qiang ZENG Liangwen CHEN Dongbin qian Shaofeng ZHANG Lei YANG Xinwen MA Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong LaboratoryHuizhou 516000People’s Republic of China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics&Functional Materials of Gansu Province College of Physics and Electronic EngineeringNorthwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070People’s Republic of China Queen Mary University of London Engineering School Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China

A non-contact method for millimeter-scale inspection of material surface flatness via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy(LIBS)is investigated *** experiment is performed using a planished surface of an alloy steel sample to simulate its various flatness,ranging from 0 to 4.4 mm,by adjusting the laser focal plane to the surface distance with a step length of 0.2.*** is found that LIBS measurements are successful in inspecting the flatness differences among these simulated cases,implying that the method investigated here is *** is also found that,for achieving the inspection of surface flatness within such a wide range,when univariate analysis is applied,a piecewise calibration model must be *** is due to the complex dependence of plasma formation conditions on the surface flatness,which inevitably complicates the inspection *** solve the problem,a multivariate analysis with the help of Back-Propagation Neural Network(BPNN)algorithms is applied to further construct the calibration *** detailed analysis of the model performance,we demonstrate that a unified calibration model can be well established based on BPNN algorithms for unambiguous millimeter-scale range inspection of surface flatness with a resolution of about 0.2.mm.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy machine learning surface flatness

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基础模型训练的著作权问题:理论澄清与规则适用

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政法论坛 2024年第5期42卷 152-164页

作者：陶乾中国政法大学法律硕士学院

人工智能基础模型训练使用作品引发的侵权争议不断发生,对此需要从著作权法的基本法理出发,在解释学视角下进行行为定性和分类分级施加合规义务。从行为主体上,区分数据集创建者和模型开发者;从行为对象上,区分作为内容的作品与作为载... 详细信息

人工智能基础模型训练使用作品引发的侵权争议不断发生,对此需要从著作权法的基本法理出发,在解释学视角下进行行为定性和分类分级施加合规义务。从行为主体上,区分数据集创建者和模型开发者;从行为对象上,区分作为内容的作品与作为载体的数据;从行为样态上,将模型训练流程解构为数据准备、数据投喂与机器学习三个阶段。在第一阶段,数据集创建者在使用自有数据、购买第三方数据和抓取公开数据三种情形下对著作权侵权内容的注意义务程度依次减轻。数据集创建者复制作品是否侵权,需区分对待通用数据集和专门数据集,前者在公共利益原则下能够豁免侵权责任,后者因其整体价值与作品价值的重合性,则难辞其咎;在第二阶段,基础模型开发者通过交易行为获得数据集产品时,对数据内容的著作权合规义务有限。其将数据集投喂给模型时,对数据样本中的作品的复制是一种过程性复制,不构成侵权;在第三阶段,机器学习的对象是数据,核心目的是获取表达符号之间的分布规律,未发生对作品的呈现式或演绎式使用。鉴于著作权法意义上的作品使用指向的是“表达性使用”,故这种“非表达性使用”不落入著作权人专有权利的控制范围。

关键词：人工智能模型训练注意义务著作权合规表达性使用

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Genetic lineage tracing identifies adaptive mechanisms of pancreatic islet β cells in various mouse models of diabetes with distinct age of initiation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 504-517页

作者： Qi Fu Yu qian Hemin Jiang Yunqiang He Hao Dai Yang Chen Zhiqing Xia Yucheng Liang Yuncai Zhou Rui Gao Shuai Zheng Hui Lv Min Sun Kuanfeng Xu {2. Yang Department of Endocrinology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

During the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes(T1D) and type 2.diabetes(T2.), pancreatic islets, especially the β cells, face significant challenges. These insulin-producing cells adopt a regeneration strategy to compensate for the shortage of insulin, but the exact mechanism needs to be defined. High-fat diet(HFD) and streptozotocin(STZ) treatment are well-established models to study islet damage in T2. and T1D respectively. Therefore, we applied these two diabetic mouse models, triggered at different ages, to pursue the cell fate transition of isletβ cells. Cre-LoxP systems were used to generate islet cell type-specific(α, β, or δ) green fluorescent protein(GFP)-labeled mice for genetic lineage tracing, thereinto β-cell GFP-labeled mice were tamoxifen induced. Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the evolutionary trajectories and molecular mechanisms of the GFP-labeled β cells in STZ-treated mice. STZ-induced diabetes caused extensive dedifferentiation of β cells and some of which transdifferentiated into α or δ cells in both youth-and adulthood-initiated mice while this phenomenon was barely observed in HFD models. β cells in HFD mice were expanded via self-replication rather than via transdifferentiation from α or δ cells, in contrast, α or δ cells were induced to transdifferentiate into β cells in STZ-treated mice(both youthand adulthood-initiated). In addition to the re-dedifferentiation of β cells, it is also highly likely that these “α or δ” cells transdifferentiated from pre-existing β cells could also re-trans-differentiate into insulin-producing β cells and be beneficial to islet recovery. The analysis of ScRNA-seq revealed that several pathways including mitochondrial function, chromatin modification, and remodeling are crucial in the dynamic transition of β cells. Our findings shed light on how islet β cells overcome the deficit of insulin and the molecular mechanism of islet recovery in T1D and T2. pathogenesis.

关键词： islet regeneration lineage tracing high fat diet(HFD) streptozotocin(STZ)

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FLNB haploinsufficiency-related short stature:a new syndrome or an expanded spectrum of Larsen syndrome

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第9期20卷 976-980页

作者： Qing Wang Hong-Ying Wang Shui-Yan Wu Xue-qian Wang Hai-Ying Wu Rong-Rong Xie Feng-Yun Wang Xiu-Li Chen Lin-Qi Chen Hai-tao Lv Ting Chen Department of Endocrinology Genetics and MetabolismChildren’s Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Suzhou Clinical Center for Rare Diseases in Children Children’s Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Intensive Care Unit Children’s Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Department of Cardiology Children’s Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Department of Pediatrics Kunshan Sixth People’s HospitalSuzhouJiangsuChina

FLNB encodes the protein filamin B(FLNB),which is expressed in chondrocytes of the human growth plate[1].To date,pathogenic mutations in the FLNB gene have solely been found to cause skeletal deformities,indicating th... 详细信息

关键词： insufficiency skeletal expanded

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AutoQNN: An End-to-End Framework for Automatically Quantizing Neural Networks

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第2期39卷 401-420页

作者：龚成卢冶代素蓉邓倩杜承昆李涛 College of Software Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China College of Computer Science Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China State Key Laboratory of Processors Institute of Computing TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

Exploring the expected quantizing scheme with suitable mixed-precision policy is the key to compress deep neural networks(DNNs)in high efficiency and *** exploration implies heavy workloads for domain experts,and an automatic compression method is ***,the huge search space of the automatic method introduces plenty of computing budgets that make the automatic process challenging to be applied in real *** this paper,we propose an end-to-end framework named AutoQNN,for automatically quantizing different layers utilizing different schemes and bitwidths without any human *** can seek desirable quantizing schemes and mixed-precision policies for mainstream DNN models efficiently by involving three techniques:quantizing scheme search(QSS),quantizing precision learning(QPL),and quantized architecture generation(QAG).QSS introduces five quantizing schemes and defines three new schemes as a candidate set for scheme search,and then uses the Differentiable Neural Architecture Search(DNAS)algorithm to seek the layer-or model-desired scheme from the *** is the first method to learn mixed-precision policies by reparameterizing the bitwidths of quantizing schemes,to the best of our *** optimizes both classification loss and precision loss of DNNs efficiently and obtains the relatively optimal mixed-precision model within limited model size and memory *** is designed to convert arbitrary architectures into corresponding quantized ones without manual intervention,to facilitate end-to-end neural network *** have implemented AutoQNN and integrated it into *** experiments demonstrate that AutoQNN can consistently outperform state-of-the-art *** 2.bit weight and activation of AlexNet and ResNet18,AutoQNN can achieve the accuracy results of 59.75%and 68.86%,respectively,and obtain accuracy improvements by up to 1.65%and 1.74%,respectively,compared with state-of-the-art ***,c

关键词： automatic quantization mixed precision quantizing scheme search quantizing precision learning quan-tized architecture generation

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Aspartoacylase suppresses prostate cancer progression by blocking LYN activation

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 180-205页

作者： Hong Weng Kang-Ping Xiong Wang Wang Kai-Yu qian Shuai Yuan Gang Wang Fang Yu Jun Luo Meng‑Xin Lu Zhong‑Hua Yang tao Liu Xing Huang Hang Zheng Xing-Huan Wang Department of Urology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Center for Evidence‑Based and Translational Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Biological Repositories Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors Wuhan 430071China Department of Pathology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Center for Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesWuhan 430071China

Background:Globally,despite prostate cancer(PCa)representing second most prevalent malignancy in male,the precise molecular mechanisms implicated in its pathogenesis remain ***,elucidating the key molecular regulators that govern disease progression could substantially contribute to the establishment of novel therapeutic strategies,ultimately advancing the management of ***:A total of 49 PCa tissues and 43 adjacent normal tissues were collected from January 2.17 to December 2.2. at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan *** advanced transcriptomic methodologies were employed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs in *** expression of aspartoacylase(ASPA)in PCa was thoroughly evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting *** elucidate the inhibitory role of ASPA in PCa cell proliferation and metastasis,a comprehensive set of in vitro and in vivo assays were conducted,including orthotopic and tumor-bearing mouse models(n=8 for each group).A combination of experimental approaches,such as Western blotting,luciferase assays,immunoprecipitation assays,mass spectrometry,glutathione S-transferase pulldown experiments,and rescue studies,were employed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of ASPA's action in *** Student‘s t-test was employed to assess the statistical significance between two distinct groups,while one-way analysis of variance was utilized for comparisons involving more than two groups.A two-sided P2.P=0.018).Our experiments demonstrated that modulation of ASPA activity,either through gain-or loss-of-function,led to the suppression or enhancement of PCa cell proliferation,mig

关键词： Prostate cancer Aspartoacylase LYN JNK AP-1 C-Jun Phosphorylation

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Taurine attenuates activation of hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting autophagy and inducing ferroptosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2143-2154页

作者： Sen Li qian-Jun Ren Can-Hao Xie Yang Cui Li-tao Xu Yi-Dan Wang Su Li Xing-Qiu Liang Bin Wen Ming-Kun Liang Xiao-Fang Zhao Department of Basic Science Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Department of Science and Technology Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Traditional Chinese Medicine Specialty Office Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a compensatory response during the tissue repair process in chronic liver injury,and finally leads to liver cirrhosis or even hepatocellular *** pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis is associated with the progressive accumulation of activated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs),which can transdiffer-entiate into myofibroblasts to produce an excess of the extracellular matrix(ECM).Myofibroblasts are the main source of the excessive ECM responsible for hepatic ***,activated hepatic stellate cells(aHSCs),the principal ECM producing cells in the injured liver,are a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic *** To explore the effect of taurine on aHSC proliferation and the mechanisms *** Human HSCs(LX-2.were randomly divided into five groups:Normal control group,platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB)(2. ng/mL)treated group,mmol/L,respectively)with PDGF-BB(2. ng/mL)treated *** Counting Kit-8 method was performed to evaluate the effect of taurine on the viability of ***-linked immunosorbent assay was used to estimate the effect of taurine on the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde,glutathione,and iron *** electron microscopy was applied to observe the effect of taurine on the autophagosomes and ferroptosis features in *** real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the effect of taurine on the expression ofα-SMA,Collagen I,Fibronectin 1,LC3B,ATG5,Beclin 1,PTGS2.SLC7A11,and *** Taurine promoted the death of aHSCs and reduced the deposition of the *** with taurine could alleviate autophagy in HSCs to inhibit their activation,by decreasing autophagosome formation,downregulating LC3B and Beclin 1 protein expression,and upregulating p62.protein ***,treatment with taurine triggered ferroptosis and ferritinophagy to eliminate aHSCs characterized b

关键词： Hepatic stellate cells Autophagy Ferroptosis Molecular docking Taurine

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Reliability of transparent conductive oxide in ambient acid and implications for silicon solar cells

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eScience 2024年第3期4卷 142-151页

作者： Jian Yu Yu Bai Qingqing Qiu Zehua Sun Lei Ye Cheng qian Zhu Ma Xin Song tao Chen Junsheng Yu Wenzhu Liu School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shanghai 201800China School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu 610054China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Materials Science and Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China

Transparent conductive oxide(TCO)films,known for their role as carrier transport layers in solar cells,can be adversely affected by hydrolysis products from *** this study,we explored the morphology,optical-electrical properties,and deterioration mechanisms of In2.3-based TCO films under acetic acid stress.A reduction in film thickness and carrier concentration due to acid-induced corrosion was observed.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry analyses revealed that TCOs doped with less-reactive metals exhibited enhanced corrosion *** efficiency of silicon heterojunction(SHJ)solar cells with tin-doped indium oxide,titanium-doped indium oxide,and zinc-doped indium oxide films decreased by 10%,2.%,and 100%,respectively,after 2.0h of *** also found that tungsten-doped indium oxide could effectively safeguard SHJ solar cells against acetic acid corrosion,which offers a potential option for achieving long-term stability and lower levelized cost of solar cell *** research provides essential insights into selecting TCO films for solar cells and highlights the implications of ethylene-vinyl acetate hydrolysis for photovoltaic modules.

关键词： Surface morphology Deterioration mechanism Acid-induced-corrosion Transparent conductive oxide EVA hydrolysis

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Alterations in Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins Induced by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Osteosarcoma around the Knee Joint:A Retrospective Analysis

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Current Medical Science 2024年第4期44卷 741-747页

作者： Su-guo WANG Yong-gang WANG Guo-wei qian Li-na TANG Xin ZHOU Dong-dong CHENG Chen-liang ZHOU Qing-cheng YANG Zan SHEN Gao-zhong HUANG Hong-tao LI Department of General Medicine Shenzhen Third People's HospitalShenzhen 518112China Department of VIP Clinic Shanghai Jiao Tong University Afiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai 200233China Department of Oncology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai 200233China Cancer Research Institute of Jilin University the First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Afiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai 200233China

Objective To investigate the serum lipid profiles of patients with localized osteosarcoma around the knee joint before and after neoadjuvant *** After retrospectively screening the data of 742.patients between January 2.07 and July 2.2.,50 patients aged 13 to 39 years with Enneking stage II disease were included in the *** lipid levels,including total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),lipoprotein-α[Lp(a)],and apolipoprotein A1,B,and E(ApoA1,ApoB,and ApoE),and clinicopathological characteristics were collected before and after neoadjuvant *** The mean levels of TC,TG,and ApoB were significantly increased following neoadjuvant chemotherapy(16%,38%,and 2.%,respectively,*** values;P2.).Moreover,a trend toward longer disease-free survival(DFS)was observed in patients with decreased TG and increased LDL-C following chemotherapy,although this difference was not statistically significant(P=0.2. and P=0.2.,respectively).Conclusion Significant elevations in serum lipids were observed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized *** was no prognostic significance of pretreatment serum lipid levels on histologic response to neoadjuvant *** scale of increase in serum Lp(a)might have a potential prognostic role in *** with increased LDL-C or reduced TG after chemotherapy seem to exhibit a trend toward favorable DFS.

关键词： osteosarcoma neoadjuvant chemotherapy serum lipids

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