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Hierarchy modeling of subsurface palaeochannel reservoir architecture

Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 126-137页

作者： WU ShengHe1,YUE DaLi1,LIU JianMin2.SHU QingLin2.FAN Zheng1,3 & LI YuPeng1 1 Earth Sciences and Geoinformatics School,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102.49,China 2.SINOPEC Shengli oilfield Co. ltd.,Dongying 2.7000,China 3 Beijing Telon High-tech Corporation,Beijing 100085,China Earth Sciences and Geoinformatics School China University of Petroleum Beijing China SINOPEC Shengli oilfield Co. ltd. Dongying China Beijing Telon High-tech Corporation Beijing China

The studies on fluvial reservoir architecture are mainly aimed at outcrop and modern deposition,but rarely at the subsurface reservoir,so there are few effective methods to predict the distribution of subsurface reservoir architectures. In this paper,taking the meandering river reservoir of Guantao formation Gudao oilfield,Jiyang depression,Baohai Gulf Basin,East China as an example,the archi-tectural modeling method of complex meandering belt reservoir is proposed,that is hierarchy con-straint,pattern fitting and multi-dimensional interaction. Architectures of meandering river reservoir can be divided into three hierarchies: meandering channel sandbody,point bar and lateral accretion body. Different hierarchies of the quantitative architecture pattern are fitted to subsurface well data (including dynamic monitoring data) in different hierarchies through one-dimensional hole,2. profiles and plane and 3D space,which are verified by each other. And then 3D model in different hierarchies is established. At the same time,the quantificational relationship between width of active river and the scale of point bar is set up,and the scale of lateral accretion sand body and shale beddings is con-firmed with horizontal well data. The study not only has significant meaning on the development of geology,but also can improve the oilfield exploitation greatly.

关键词： reservoir architecture hierarchical modeling meandering river point bar lateral accretion body

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A novel method for the improvement of power efficiency in high peak-to-average-power ratio communication systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2010年第8期53卷 1697-1702页

作者： REN ZhiYuan 1 , ZHANG HaiLin 1 & GUO Kai 2.1 State Key Laboratory of Integrated services Network, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China 2.Aerospace Long March Launch Vehicle Technology Co. ltd., Beijing 100076, China State Key Laboratory of Integrated services Network Xidian University Xi’an China Aerospace Long March Launch Vehicle Technology Co. ltd. Beijing China

To solve the problem of low power efficiency of power amplifiers (PA) in the high peak-to-averagepower ratio (PAPR) communication system, a novel signal decomposed amplifier structure has been proposed in order to decrease the energy consumption and increase the power efficiency of PA. The high PAPR signal can be decomposed into several low PAPR branch signals, linearized and amplified in parallel. This structure can reduce the PAPR of branch signals and improve the power efficiency of PA. The simulation results indicate that the power efficiency will be remarkably increased.

关键词： Green Radio power amplifier signal decomposed

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Present status and development of textile Eco-standard

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印染 2005年第9期 54-57页

作者： WANG Jian-ping, Intertek Testing services ltd., Shanghai 2.02.3, China

This paper covers the development of textile eco standards both at home and abroad. The latest version of Eco-label includes the object and frame work, standards for textile fibers, standards for textile processing and chemicals, standards for property testing. The background and procedures of GB18401—2.03 "National General Safety Code for Textile Products " are introduced about the domestic standards.

关键词： dyeing and finishing industry eco standard textiles

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第10期47卷 886-895页

作者： TANG Liangjie1,2. JIA Chengzao3, PI Xuejun4, CHEN Suping1,2. WANG Zhiyu5, XIE Huiwen4 1. Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry, Beijing 102.49, China 2. Basin & Reservoir Research Center, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102.49, China 3. PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 100011, China 4. Tarim oilfield Company, PetroChina Company ltd., Kurle 841000, China 5. Department of Geology, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102.49, China Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing China Basin & Reservoir Research Center University of Petroleum Beijing China PetroChina Company Limited Beijing China Tarim oilfield Company PetroChina Company Ltd. Kurle China Department of Geology University of Petroleum Beijing China

The salt beds of Lower Tertiary developed in the mid-segment of Kuqa foreland fold belt, northern Tarim basin. They considerably controlled structural deformation of the belt. Ac- cording to the field observation, seismic profile interpretation and drilling data, three different structural styles of supra-salt, intra-salt and sub-salt occurred in the Kuqa foreland fold belt. Su- pra-salt structural styles mainly include thrust faults and fault-related sags. Intra-slat structural styles essentially are salt-pillows, intra-salt faults and folds, and salt weld structures. Sub-salt structural styles mainly consist of imbricated thrust faults, duplex structures, pop-up and fault-related folds. It is indicated that great differences exist among supra-salt, intra-salt and sub-salt structures of Kuqa foreland fold belt. The salt-related structures were formed in the same structural stress field. The dynamic mechanism of the salt-related structures is mainly associated with gravitation, compression and plastic flow of salt beds.

关键词： salt-related structural style, supra-salt structure, intra-salt structure, sub-salt structure, Kuga foreland fold belt.

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Controlling the uncertainty in reservoir stochastic simulation

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Petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 472-476页

作者： Cui Yong Chi Bo Chen Guo Ouyang Cheng Xia Bairu China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Research Institute of Daqing oilfield Company ltd. Heilongjiang 163712 China Geological Exploration ＆ Development Research Institute PetroChina Chuanqing Drilling Engineering CompanyChengdu Sichuan 610051 China

Unexpected noise in reservoir stochastic simulation realization may be too high to make the realization useful, especially when there is a lack of hard data. Through discussing the uncertainties, we present two ways to control the uncertainty ratio that is brought by the algorithm of stochastic simulation. By reasonably reducing the random value of the stochastic simulation result, the unexpected values introduced by the residual that associates with random series can be controlled. Another way when the data disperse unevenly is to control the stochastic simulation order by grouping the points that need to be simulated to make those points which can be simulated by more neighborhood hard data calculated first. Both methods do not go against the core stochastic simulation algorithm.

关键词： Reservoir stochastic simulation hard data Kriging algorithm residual realization

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Formation mechanisms of heavy oils in the Liaohe Western Depression,Bohai Gulf Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 156-169页

作者： LI SuMei1,2.PANG XiongQi1,2.LIU KeYu3,GAO XianZhi1,2.LI XiaoGuang4,CHEN ZhenYan4 & LIU BaoHong41 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleam,Beijing 102.49,China 2.Basin and Reservoir Research Center,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102.49,China 3 CSIRO Petroleum,P.O. Box 1130,Bentley WA 6102.Australia 4 Liaohe oilfield Co. ltd.PetroChina,Panjin 12.010,China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleam Beijing China Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing China CSIRO Petroleum Bentley Australia Liaohe oilfield Co. ltd PetroChina Panjin China

The Liaohe oilfield in the Liaohe Western Depression of the Bohai Gulf Basin is the third-largest oil producing province and the largest heavy oil producing oilfield in China. A total of 65 oil samples,35 rock samples and 36 reservoir sandstone samples were collected and analyzed utilizing conventional geochemical and biogeochemical approaches to unravel the mechanisms of the formation of the heavy oils. Investigation of the oils with the lowest maturity compared with the oils in the Gaosheng and Niuxintuo oilfields indicates no apparent relation between the maturity and physical properties of the heavy oils. It is suggested that the heavy oil with primary origin is not likely the main mechanism re-sponsible for the majority of the heavy oils in the Liaohe Western Slope. The absence and/or depletion of n-alkanes etc.,with relatively low molecular weight and the occurrence of 2.-norhopane series in the heavy oils as well as the relatively high acidity of the oils all suggest that the majority of the heavy oils once experienced secondary alteration. The fingerprints of the total scanning fluorescence (TSF) of the inner adsorbed hydrocarbons on the reservoir grains and the included hydrocarbons in fluid inclusions are similar to that of the normal oils in the area but are different from the outer adsorbed and reser-voired free oils at present,further indicating that most of the heavy oils are secondary in origin. Analyses of bacteria (microbes) in 7 oil samples indicate that anaerobic and hyperthermophilic Ar-chaeoglobus sp. are the dominant microbes relevant to oil biodegradation,which coincides with the shallow commercial gas reservoirs containing anaerobic bacteria derived gas in the Gaosheng and Leijia teotonic belts. The biodegradation most likely occurs at the water/oil interface,where the forma-tion water is essential for microbe removal and nutrient transportation. We think that biodegradation,water washing and oxidization are interrelated and are the main mech

关键词： heavy oil Liaohe Western Depression biodegradation water washing formation mechanism

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Quantitative studies of hydrocarbon loss of the Silurian bitumen sandstone in the Tarim Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 101-107页

作者： JIANG ZhenXue1,2.PANG XiongQi1,2.LIU LuoFu1,2.WANG XianDong3,ZHANG Jun4 & LI HongYi1,2.1 Basin and Reservoir Research Center,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102.49,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102.49,China 3 Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Daqing oilfield Company ltd.Daqing 163712.China 4 Petroleum Exploration and Production Institute of SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,China Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd Daqing China Petroleum Exploration and Production Institute of SINOPEC Beijing China

The evolution of Tarim Basin experienced several tectonic movements,of which Caledonian movement caused a serious damage to reservoirs of Silurian. The earlier reservoirs size and the later hydrocarbon loss are two key factors to exploration prospect of Silurian. On the basis of net thickness of bituminous sandstone and recovery coefficient of crude oil converting to bitumen,the scale of the hydrocarbon loss of palaeo-accumulation in bitumen sandstone of Silurian was calculated (86.30×108t). The deter-mination of net thickness of bitumen sandstone was completed mainly by several methods,such as physical property demarcation,observing lithology,grains with oil inclusion (GOI) technology,and quantitative grains fluorescence (QGF) technology. The samples of black sandstone and white sand-stone were collected and compared by means of the methods mentioned above. The results showed that there was little hydrocarbon,or none,in the white sandstone. The recovery coefficient was ob-tained by the analyses of plentiful physical parameters of crude oil and bitumen sandstone,based on the hypothesis that nonhydrocarbon compounds and bitumen were invariable in the process of bitu-men forming. The calculated result,which is more scientific and actual,indicates the exploration pros-pect is more promising in Silurian of the Tarim Basin.

关键词： Tarim Basin Silurian bitumen sandstone hydrocarbon loss quantitative research recovery coefficient

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阳信洼陷生物气成藏条件研究

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天然气工业 2005年第10期25卷 11-13页

作者：刘利中国石化胜利油田有限公司地质科学研究院

随着渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷阳信洼陷阳101井沙一段获得工业气流,首次揭示了济阳坳陷陆相断陷盆地生物气。文章从生物气地化性质、生物气形成、气源岩评价、储集层类型、圈闭类型以及后期保存等方面进行了综合研究。低温、咸化、还原沉积环... 详细信息

随着渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷阳信洼陷阳101井沙一段获得工业气流,首次揭示了济阳坳陷陆相断陷盆地生物气。文章从生物气地化性质、生物气形成、气源岩评价、储集层类型、圈闭类型以及后期保存等方面进行了综合研究。低温、咸化、还原沉积环境是该区生物气形成的有利地质要素,优质的生物气源岩提供了生物气物质基础,多类型储层构成了生物气的有利储集条件,多类型圈闭和良好的后期保存组成了生物气成藏、富集的重要因素。评价结果认为中部隆起构造带、东部披覆构造带以及南部斜坡构造带生物气具有勘探潜力,为下步寻找一批生物气储量提供了地质依据。

关键词：渤海湾盆地阳信洼陷早第三纪生物气成藏条件勘探潜力生物气成藏陆相断陷盆地济阳坳陷圈闭类型

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Characteristics of remaining oil viscosity in water-and polymer-flooding reservoirs in Daqing oilfield

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第12期53卷 72-83页

作者： XU ZhengShun,ZHANG JuHe,FENG ZiHui,FANG Wei & WANG FengLan Exploration and Development Research Institute,Daqing oilfield Company ltd.,Daqing 163712.China Exploration and Development Research Institute Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd. Daqing China

The experimental analysis of 2. crude oil samples shows a good correlation between high molecular-weight hydrocarbon components (C 40+) and ***-four remaining oil samples extracted from oil sands of oilfield development coring wells were analyzed by high-temperature gas chromatography (HTGC),for the relative abundance of C 2.-,C 2.-C 40 and C 40+ *** relationship between viscosity of crude oil and C 40+ (%) hydrocarbons abundance is used to expect the viscosity of remaining *** mobility characteristics of remaining oil,the properties of remaining oil,and the next displacement methods in reservoirs either water-flooded or polymer-flooded are studied with rock permeability,oil saturation of coring wells,*** experimental results show that the hydrocarbons composition,viscosity,and mobility of remaining oil from both polymer-flooding and water-flooding reservoirs are heterogeneous,especially the *** abundance of C 2.- and C 2.-C 40 hydrocarbons in polymer-flooding reservoirs is lower than that of water-flooding,but with more abundance of C 40+ *** is then suggested that polymer flooding must have driven more C 40- hydrocarbons out of reservoir,which resulted in relatively enriched C 40+,more viscous oils,and poorer *** oil in water-flooding reservoirs is dominated by moderate viscosity oil with some low viscosity oil,while polymer-flooding mainly contained moderate viscosity oil with some high viscosity *** each oilfield and reservoir,displacement methods of remaining oil,viscosity,and concentration by polymer-solution can be adjusted by current viscosity of remaining oil and mobility ratio in a favorable range.A new basis and methods are suggested for the further development and enhanced oil recovery of remaining oil.

关键词： remaining oil viscosity mobility ratio water-flooding polymer-flooding heterogeneity polymer-solution viscosity

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Synthesis and evaluation of an oil-soluble viscosity reducer for heavy oil

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Petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 536-540页

作者： Guo Jixiang Wang Heyi Chen Chaogang Chen Yun Xie Xiaohai Enhanced Oil Recovery Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum（group） Co. ltd Shaanxi 710075 China Northwest oilfield Branch Engineering and Technology Institute of Sinopec Urumchi 830011 China Tuha oilfield Hami Xinjiang 839009 China Yumen oilfield Yaerxia Operation Area Gansu 735019 China

To reduce the viscosity of highly-viscous oil of the Tahe oilfield （Xinjiang,China）,an oilsoluble polybasic copolymer viscosity reducer for heavy oil was synthesized using the orthogonal *** optimum reaction conditions are obtained as follows：under the protection of nitrogen,a reaction time of 9 h,monomer mole ratio of reaction materials of 3：2.2.（The monomers are 2.propenoic acid,docosyl ester,maleic anhydride and styrene,respectively）,initiator amount of 0.8% （mass percent of the sum of all the monomers） and reaction temperature of 80 *** synthesized viscosity reducer is more effective than commercial viscosity *** rate of viscosity reduction reached 95.5% at 50 *** spectra （IR） and interfacial tensions of heavy oil with and without viscosity reducer were investigated to understand the viscosity reduction *** viscosity reducer is added,the molecules of the viscosity reducer are inserted amongst the molecules of crude oil,altering the original intermolecular structure of crude oil and weakening its ability to form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl or carboxyl groups,so the viscosity of crude oil is *** tests of the newly developed oil-soluble viscosity reducer was carried out in the Tahe oilfield,and the results showed that 44.5% less light oil was needed to dilute the heavy oil to achieve the needed viscosity.

关键词： Oil-soluble viscosity reducer heavy oil synthesis evaluation

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