Addition of Thiourea Host Monomer to Polymer Flocculants to Improve Selectivity of Phosphate Sorption
Addition of Thiourea Host Monomer to Polymer Flocculants to Improve Selectivity of Phosphate Sorption作者机构：USDA Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Unit Lubbock TX USA Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A & M University College Station TX USA Department of Plant Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA Department of Chemistry United States Air Force Academy USAF Academy Colorado Springs CO USA Department of Chemistry Radford University Radford VA USA Department of Chemistry Idaho State University Pocatello ID USA
出 版 物：《Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment》 (农业化学和环境（英文）)
年 卷 期：2020年第9卷第3期
页 面：147-158页
学科分类：081704[工学-应用化学] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 070303[理学-有机化学] 0703[理学-化学]
主 题：Molecular Recognition Thiourea Polymers Flocculants Phosphate
摘 要：Inorganic phosphate is a common nutrient that is applied as a fertilizer to both agricultural fields as well as urban settings such as private yards, public parks and other urban landscaping. While phosphate typically binds tightly to soil, movement of phosphate off of application sites can occur through soil erosion. The soil and its bound phosphate can then end up in surface waters such as rivers and lakes. Phosphate found in surface water bodies exists both as bound to the suspended clay as well as that free in solution. Elevated phosphate concentration in surface waters can lead to algal blooms and eutrophication. While the phosphate bound to clay in suspension in surface water bodies can be removed by commercially available polymer flocculants, the phosphate that is free in solution is more challenging as it is usually found in low concentrations and other anionic salts are generally present in higher concentrations. To remove phosphate from contaminated water systems, where other anions exist at higher concentrations, it is favorable to have a method of removal that is selective for phosphate. As a proof of principle, thiourea derivatized polymer flocculants were examined for the selective removal of phosphate in the presence of competing anions. The polymer flocculants exhibited selectivity for phosphate through hydrogen bonding and were effective at removing up to 43% of phosphate from simulated wastewater. Computational studies and 1H NMR were used to investigate the selectivity of the thiourea monomer for phosphate over competing anions such as chloride and sulfate.
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