Theoretical progress in non-equilibrium grain-boundary segregation (Ⅰ): Thermally induced non-equilibrium grain-boundary segregation and intergranular embrittlement

作     者：XU TingDong1, WANG Kai1 & SONG ShenHua2 1 Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Superalloy Department, Beijing 100081, China 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China 

出 版 物：《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 (中国科学（技术科学英文版）)

年 卷 期：2009年第52卷第4期

页      面：893-905页

学科分类：08[工学] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 080502[工学-材料学] 

基　　金：Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50771036) 

主　　题：grain-boundary segregation embrittlement 

摘      要：The research progress of non-equilibrium grain-boundary segregation theories in the last 20 years is reviewed. Based on studies by the present authors, the critical time of non-equilibrium segregation and its impact on the development of non-equilibrium segregation theories are described. Quasi- thermo- dynamics and kinetics for thermal non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation are detailed along with a non-equilibrium grain boundary cosegregation model. The experimental validation of the theories and their application to the reversible temper embrittlement of steels and the intermediate temperature brittleness in metals and alloys are also addressed.