The Importance of Heparan Sulfate in Herpesvirus Infection

作     者：Christopher D. O'Donnell Deepak Shukla 

作者机构：Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Chicago Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesCollege of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Chicago 

出 版 物：《Virologica Sinica》 (中国病毒学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2008年第23卷第6期

页      面：383-393页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 1007[医学-药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100705[医学-微生物与生化药学] 07[理学] 071005[理学-微生物学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：NIH grant (AI 057860 to D.S) 

主　　题：Heparan sulfate (HS) Herpesviruses Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) 3-O-sulfotransferases Viral entry 

摘      要：Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is one of many pathogens that use the cell surface glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate as a receptor. Heparan sulfate is highly expressed on the surface and extracellular matrix of virtually all cell types making it an ideal receptor. Heparan sulfate interacts with HSV-1 envelope glycoproteins gB and gC during the initial attachment step during HSV-1 entry. In addition,a modified form of heparan sulfate,known as 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate,interacts with HSV-1 gD to induce fusion between the viral envelope and host cell membrane. The 3-O-sulfation of heparan sulfate is a rare modification which occurs during the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate that is carried out by a family of enzymes known as 3-O-sulfotransferases. Due to its involvement in multiple steps of the infection process,heparan sulfate has been a prime target for the development of agents to inhibit HSV entry. Understanding how heparan sulfate functions during HSV-1 infection may not only be critical for inhibiting infection by this virus,but it may also be crucial in the fight against many other pathogens as well.