The development of brain functional connectivity networks revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

作     者：Chao-Lin Li Yan-Jun Deng Yu-Hui He Hong-Chang Zhai Fu-Cang Jia 

作者机构：School of Education South China Normal Univers让y Guangzhou Guangdong Province China School of Psychology South China Normal University Guangzhou Guangdong Province China Donghui Kindergarten Huangpu District Guangzhou Guangdong Province China School of Education Guangzhou University Guangzhou Guangdong Province China Research Lab for Medical Imaging and Digital Surgery Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Guangdong Province China Center of Network and Modern Educational Technology Guangzhou University Guangzhou Guangdong Province China 

出 版 物：《Neural Regeneration Research》 (中国神经再生研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2019年第14卷第8期

页      面：1419-1429页

核心收录：

学科分类：10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province No.2016A030313180(to FCJ) 

主　　题：nerve regeneration functional MRI brain network functional connectivity resting-state ICA brain development children resting-state networks infant template standardized neural regeneration 

摘      要：Previous studies on brain functional connectivity networks in children have mainly focused on changes in function in specific brain regions, as opposed to whole brain connectivity in healthy children. By analyzing the independent components of activation and network connectivity between brain regions, we examined brain activity status and development trends in children aged 3 and 5 years. These data could provide a reference for brain function rehabilitation in children with illness or abnormal function. We acquired functional magnetic resonance images from 15 3-year-old children and 15 5-year-old children under natural sleep cond让ions. The participants were recruited from five kindergartens in the Nanshan District of Shenzhen City, China. The parents of the participants signed an informed consent form with the premise that they had been fully informed regarding the experimental protocol. We used masked independent component analysis and BrainNet Viewer software to explore the independent components of the brain and correlation connections between brain regions. We identified seven independent components in the two groups of children, including the executive control network, the dorsal attention network, the default mode network, the left frontoparietal network, the right frontoparietal network, the salience network, and the motor network. In the default mode network, the posterior cingulate cortex, medial frontal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule were activated in both 3- and 5-year-old children, supporting the three-brain region theory of the default mode network. In the frontoparietal network, the frontal and parietal gyri were activated in the two groups of children, and functional connectivity was strengthened in 5-year-olds compared with 3-year-olds, although the nodes and network connections were not yet mature. The high-correlation network connections in the default mode networks and dorsal attention networks had been significantly strengthened in 5-year