Closed-loop hydrometallurgical treatment of end-of-life lithium ion batteries: Towards zero-waste process and metal recycling in advanced batteries

作     者：Thomas Abo Atia Giuseppe Elia Robert Hahn Pietro Altimari Francesca Pagnanelli Thomas Abo Atia;Giuseppe Elia;Robert Hahn;Pietro Altimari;Francesca Pagnanelli

作者机构：Department of Chemistry Sapienza University of RomeRome 00185 Italy Waste Recycling Technologies Flemish Institute for Technological ResearchMol 2400 Belgium Technische Universitat Berlin Research Center of Microperipheric TechnologiesBerlin D-13355 Germany Fraunhofer-Institut für Zuverlassigkeit und MikrointegrationBerlin D-13355 Germany 

出 版 物：《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 (能源化学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2019年第28卷第8期

页      面：220-227,I0008页

核心收录：

学科分类：0820[工学-石油与天然气工程] 0808[工学-电气工程] 07[理学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 0807[工学-动力工程及工程热物理] 0827[工学-核科学与技术] 0703[理学-化学] 0702[理学-物理学] 

基　　金：Part of the research activities reported in this work were co-financed within European project HydroWEEE Demo “For Innovative Hydrometallurgical Processes To Recover Metals From WEEE Including Lamps And Batteries”:Demonstration(Grant agreement No.308549) 

主　　题：LIB recycling Graphite Cobalt Nickel Lithium Advanced LIB 

摘      要：This work presents an enhanced hydrometallurgical process for recycling lithium ion batteries. First, endof-life batteries were processed in a physical pre-treatment plant to obtain a representative electrode material. The resulting leachate was purified forth by iron-precipitation, liquid–liquid extractions, and an innovative Li–Na separation, in order to obtain valuable products. These products include high-grade graphite, cobalt oxide(Co3O4, purity 83%), cobalt oxalate(CoC2O4, purity 96%), nickel oxide(Ni O, purity89%), and lithium carbonate(Li2CO3, purity 99.8%). The recovery rate was quantitative for graphite, between 80% and 85% for cobalt depending on the nature of the recovery method, 90% for nickel, and 72%for lithium. Secondary streams were also valorized to obtain sodium sulfate(Na2SO4, purity 96%), and MnCoFe2O4 magnetic nano-sorbents according to the zero-waste concept. In order to close the loop, recycled Co3O4 and NiO were used as conversion-type anode materials for advanced lithium ion batteries showing promising performances.