The SLC transporter in nutrient and metabolic sensing, regulation, and drug development

作     者：Yong Zhang Yuping Zhang Kun Sun Ziyi Meng Ligong Chen 

作者机构：School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Advanced Biotechnology and Application Research Center School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100024 China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Molecular Cell Biology》 (分子细胞生物学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2019年第11卷第1期

页      面：1-13页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 09[农学] 

基　　金：the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0506900) the National Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Develop (2018ZX09711003-004-002) Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program (20161080086) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81470839) 

主　　题：SLC transporters disease loci nutrient and metabolic sensing drug development 

摘      要：The prevalence of metabolic diseases is growing worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that solute carrier (SLC) transporters contribute to the etiology of various metabolic diseases. Consistent with metabolic characteristics, the top five organs in which SLC transporters are highly expressed are the kidney, brain, liver, gut, and heart. We aim to understand the molecular mechanisms of important SLC transporter-mediated physiological processes and their potentials as drug targets. SLC transporters serve as Metabolic gate’ of cells and mediate the transport of a wide range of essential nutrients and metabolites such as glucose, amino acids, vitamins, neurotransmitters, and inorganic/metal ions. Gene-modified animal models have demonstrated that SLC transporters participate in many important physiological functions including nutrient supply, metabolic transformation, energy homeostasis, tissue development, oxidative stress, host defense, and neurological regulation. Furthermore, the human genomic studies have identified that SLC transporters are susceptible or causative genes in various diseases like cancer, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, immunological disorders, and neurological dysfunction? Importantly, a number of SLC transporters have been successfully targeted for drug developments。 This review will focus on the current understanding of SLCs in regulating physiology, nutrient sensing and uptake, and risk of diseases.