Progress in the study of cancer-associated retinopathy in breast cancer patients

作     者：Guangyan Ji Lei Xing Jianbo Huang Lingquan Kong Ziwei Wang Guosheng Ren Kainan Wu 

作者机构：Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China 

出 版 物：《The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology》 (中德临床肿瘤学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2012年第11卷第10期

页      面：566-571页

学科分类：090603[农学-临床兽医学] 0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 09[农学] 0906[农学-兽医学] 071002[理学-动物学] 

主　　题：paraneoplastic retinopathy autoimmune retinopathy cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) recoverin cytotoxicT-lymphocyte immune therapy 

摘      要：Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) typically has a sudden or progressive onset of severe visual loss and an ominous association with an occult malignancy which contains breast cancer. Pathologically, CAR is the degeneration of photoreceptors. But the precise mechanism has not been fully established, CAR may result from autoimmune mediated apoptosis. And in recent years, there also have been some results demonstrating that tumor derived angiogenic factors such as VEGF may also confer the development of CAR, which may offer novel avenues for the therapeutic intervention in CAR. Early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy is critical for vision preservation. Future developments in rapid identification and longitudinal quantification of antibody levels would enable individualized management in these patients. The goal of this review was to analyze the epidemiology, the clinical features, the diagnosis and management of retinopathy in the context of recent advances in the elucidation of breast cancer-associated retinopathy (BCAR) pathogenesis.