Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Oil, Protein, Starch, and Ethanol Yield of Corn （Zea mays L,） Grown for Biofuel Production
Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Oil, Protein, Starch, and Ethanol Yield of Corn （Zea mays L,） Grown for Biofuel Production作者机构：University of Missouri Delta Research Center P.O. Box 160 Portageville MO 63873 USA Monsanto Company 80ON. Lindbergh Blvd. Mail Zone Q4B/Q420E-A St. Louis MO 63167 USA Laboratory of Applied Ecology Fac. of Agronomic Sci. University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou O1 BP 526 Benin
出 版 物：《Journal of Life Sciences》 (生命科学（英文版）)
年 卷 期：2011年第5卷第12期
页 面：1013-1021页
学科分类：0832[工学-食品科学与工程（可授工学、农学学位）] 08[工学] 09[农学] 0901[农学-作物学] 083202[工学-粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]
主 题：Starch oil protein corn kernel biofuel ethanol nitrogen
摘 要：Nitrogen fertilization is one of the greatest challenges associated with the production of biofuel from corn grain. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of N fertilization on the content and yield of oil, protein, and starch in corn grain. The project was done in Southeast Missouri （USA）, from 2007 to 2009 in a silt loam soil. Corn grain contains 3.8-4.2% oil, 6.7%-8.9% protein, 68.0%-70.4% extractable starch, and 76.0%-77.7% total starch. The total starch yield ranged from 2.8 to 7.8 ***1 whereas the extractable starch varied between 2.5 to 7.1 mg-ha1. As the N rate went up, the oil and starch content of the grain decreased, whereas the protein content and the protein, starch, and oil yields increased, reaching their maximum at the N rate corresponding to 179.0 kg ***~. The potential ethanol yield varied between 616.2 and 7,035.1 L-ha1 depending on the method of conversion of the starch into ethanol, the year and the N rate （P 〈 0.0001）. The negative correlation between N fertilization rate and starch content suggested that when farmers add too much N to their soil to increase grain yield, they reduce the starch content in those grains, and consequently the conversion into bioethanol. Therefore, for biofuel production to be beneficial for both farmers and the power plant owners, an agreement needs to be made with regard to the use of fertilizers.
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