Insights into Seasonal Dormancy of Perennial Herbaceous Forages
Insights into Seasonal Dormancy of Perennial Herbaceous Forages作者机构：Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics University of Georgia Athens GA USA Agronomy Department University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
出 版 物：《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 (美国植物学期刊（英文）)
年 卷 期：2017年第8卷第11期
页 面：2650-2680页
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学]
主 题：Herbaceous Perennials Seasonal Dormancy Genes Endodormancy Forages Hormones
摘 要：Seasonal dormancy is an adaptive mechanism where plants suspend growth and become physiologically inactive to avoid extreme environmental conditions. Environmental factors like temperature, photoperiod, nutrients, and soil moisture control plant growth and development through various complex molecular mechanisms. Crown and seed dormancy of plants are mostly influenced by day length and temperature. Genes and physiological pathways triggered by these two factors along with genotype variability are some targets to manipulate seasonal dormancy. There is genetic variation in the depth and duration of seasonal dormancy. Therefore, their genetic manipulation is possible. Manipulations of summer and fall dormancy are relatively easier compared to winter dormancy because plants require protection of their apical meristem from freezing temperatures and limited water supply. Genetic factors that regulate seed dormancy may also have regulatory role for seasonal dormancy of the maternal plants. Limited genetic and genomic information are available for seasonal dormancy in herbaceous perennial species. Knowledge of genes controlling seasonal dormancy of eudicots, forest trees, and horticultural crops could be interpolated to explore possible dormancy mechanisms in perennial forages. This study reviews current knowledge of seasonal dormancy of herbaceous forages emphasizing the genetic and physiological context that would be valuable to breeders and plant biologists to expand the production season of perennial species by developing non-dormant and semi-dormant cultivars.
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