Liver as a target of human immunodeficiency virus infection

作     者：Murali Ganesan Larisa Y Poluektova Kusum K Kharbanda Natalia A Osna 

作者机构：Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Pharmacology and Experimental NeuroscienceUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 (世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第24卷第42期

页      面：4728-4737页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100201[医学-内科学(含：心血管病、血液病、呼吸系病、消化系病、内分泌与代谢病、肾病、风湿病、传染病)] 10[医学] 

基　　金：the Nebraska Research Initiative Grant 

主　　题：Liver cells Antiretroviral therapy Apoptosis Inflammation Fibrosis Immunodeficiency virus Alcohol 

摘      要：Liver injury is a characteristic feature of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, which is the second most common cause of mortality in HIV-infected patients. Now it is recognized that liver plays a key role in HIV infection pathogenesis. Antiretroviral therapy(ART), which suppresses HIV infection in permissive immune cells, is less effective in hepatocytes, thereby making these cells a silent reservoir of HIV infection. In addition to direct hepatotoxic effects of HIV, certain ART treatment modalities provide hepatotoxic effects. The exact mechanisms of HIV-triggered chronic hepatitis progression are not elucidated, but the liver is adversely affected by HIV-infection and liver cells are prominently involved in HIV-elicited injury. These effects are potentiated by second hits like alcohol. Here, we will focus on the incidence of HIV, clinical evidence of HIVrelated liver damage, interactions between HIV and liver cells and the role of alcohol and co-infection with hepatotropic viruses in liver inflammation and fibrosis progression.