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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 208-210页

作者： Aiping Wang Haili Wang Jianguo Zhao Yumei Chen Hongliang Liu Peiyang Ding Yan Niu Gaiping Zhang Longhu Laboratory Zhengzhou 450046China School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Dear Editor,Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)is a lentivirus that,if left untreated,can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).The virus can be divided into two types based on genetic differences:HIV-1 and HIV-2.HIV-1 is widely distributed worldwide and is the primary strain responsible for the global AIDS epidemic due to its high replication capacity,greater likelihood of transmission,and more severe clinical symptoms(Oeschger et al.,2021).

关键词： immunodeficiency untreated

Author Correction:Enhanced CD19 activity in B cells contributes to immunodeficiency in mice deficient in the ICF syndrome gene Zbtb24

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 100-100页

作者： Zhengzhou Ying Swanand Hardikar Joshua B.Plummer Tewfik Hamidi Bin Liu Yueping Chen Jianjun Shen Yunxiang Mu Kevin M.McBride Taiping Chen Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA Program in Genetics and Epigenetics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Houston TX 77030 USA

In the sentence beginning‘To trace cell proliferation,FO and MZ B cells’and the sentence beginning‘For cell activation,naïve B cells or CH12F3 cells’in this article,the[10 ng/ml]‘F(ab’)_(2)fragment goat anti-mouse IgM’should have read‘10μg/ml F(ab’)_(2)fragment goat anti-mouse IgM’.The original article has been corrected.

关键词： immunodeficiency CD19 deficient

HIV encephalopathy is contributed by macrophages and microglia

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 836-838页

作者： Si-Meng Liu Man Li Chunhui Ma Chunying Liu An Lv Qing Li Yamei Niu Peng Wang Bo Huang Wei-Min Tong Department of Pathology China Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China Department of Pathology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeNeuroscience CenterChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China Department of Pathology Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China Molecular Pathology Research Center Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Center For Experimental Animal Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Immunology and National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100010China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Dear Editor,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),characterized by a significant decrease in the number of CD4^(+)T cells,causes a defective T cell immune response,which subsequently leads to various conditional pathogenic infections and tumors(Calmy et al.,2018;Seligmann et al.,1987).Neurological disorders have been reported in 70%–80%of patients with AIDS(Saylor et al.,2016)。

关键词： encephalopathy immunodeficiency

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis induced by X-linked agammaglobulinemia:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1644-1648页

作者： Ting Zhang Ming Li Li Tan Xin Li Department of Respiratory Medicine Kunming Children´s HospitalKunming 650228Yunnan ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Kunming Children's HospitalKunming 650228Yunnan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis(PAP)and X-linked agammaglobulinemia(XLA)are rare diseases in children.Many theories infer that immunodeficiency can induce PAP,but these reports are almost all review articles,and there is little clinical evidence.We report the case of a child with both PAP and XLA.CASE SUMMARY A 4-month-old boy sought medical treatment due to coughing and difficulty in breathing for>2 wk.He had been hospitalized multiple times due to respiratory infections and diarrhea.Chest computed tomography and alveolar lavage fluid showed typical PAP-related manifestations.Genetic testing confirmed that the boy also had XLA.Following total lung alveolar lavage and intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy,the boy recovered and was discharged.During the follow-up period,the number of respiratory infections was significantly reduced,and PAP did not recur.CONCLUSION XLA can induce PAP and improving immune function contributes to the prognosis of children with this type of PAP.

关键词： Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis X-linked agammaglobulinemia Children immunodeficiency Alveolar lavage Case report

Virome in immunodeficiency:what we know currently

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第22期136卷 2647-2657页

作者： Hu Wang Siqi Xu Shuang Li Bin Su Scott Sherrill-Mix Guanxiang Liang Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research Clinical and Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Center for Infectious Disease Research School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China Department of Microbiology&Molecular Genetics Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

Over the past few years,the human virome and its complex interactions with microbial communities and the immune system have gained recognition as a crucial factor in human health.Individuals with compromised immune function encounter distinctive challenges due to their heightened vulnerability to a diverse range of infectious diseases.This review aims to comprehensively explore and analyze the growing evidence regarding the role of the virome in immunocompromised disease status.By surveying the latest literature,we present a detailed overview of virome alterations observed in various immunodeficiency conditions.We then delve into the influence and mechanisms of these virome changes on the pathogenesis of specific diseases in immunocompromised individuals.Furthermore,this review explores the clinical relevance of virome studies in the context of immunodeficiency,highlighting the potential diagnostic and therapeutic gains from a better understanding of virome contributions to disease manifestations.

关键词： Human virome immunodeficiency People living with HIV PLWH Diagnosis Therapeutics Autoimmune diseases Organ transplantation

Relationship between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genes and immune reconstitution failure in human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients after anti-retroviral therapy

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2024年第1期41卷 25-25页

作者：梅馨尹 Public Health Dept Guangxi Med Univ&Guangxi AIDS Prev&Treat Key LabNanning 530000

Objective To analyze the relationship between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and immune reconstitution failure in human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients after anti-retroviral therapy (ART).Methods HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART for≥1 year who attended the AIDS outpatient clinics of Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and People’s Hospital of Mashan from May 2007 to December 2019 were included.

关键词： killer immunodeficiency patients

Gut dysbiosis of bacteria and fungi associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第11期135卷 1376-1378页

作者： Xueqi Wu Yuanhong Xu Qingfeng Li Fengjiao Yang Shenghua He Yingjie Li Shujuan Yang Peibin Zeng West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Chengdu Public Health Clinical Center ChengduSichuan 610095China.

To the Editor:There have been growing concerns about the gut bacterial dysbiosis associated with HIV infection,addressing a critical role of gut bacteria in persistent chronic inflammation and severe intestinal dysfunction among the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infected population.However,little is known about the gut fungal dysbiosis caused by HIV-infection.Therefore,we launched a case-control study aiming to explore the gut dysbiosis of bacteria and fungi in HIV infection,which may reveal a more comprehensive feature of HIV infection-related gut dysbiosis of bacteria and fungi that possibly play a role in the chronic systemic immune activation observed in HIV infection.

关键词： infection immunodeficiency inflammation

Advantages of switching to elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/ tenofovir therapy in virologically-suppressed people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第22期135卷 2747-2749页

作者： Lina Fan Lei Li Liying Gao Yue Hu Aiping Yu Defa Zhang Chunting Qiu Rong Huang Yue Wu Ping Ma Department of Infectious Diseases Tianjin Second People's HospitalTianjin 300192China

To the Editor:With recent advances in antiretroviral therapy(ART)regimens,many patients may benefit from switching drugs.The new combination drug,elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir(E/C/F/TAF),has been approved for use in people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AID[PLWHA])in China and has also been included within the scope of medical insurance.This single-tablet regimen provides a convenient,once-daily,treatment option for many PLWHA.E/C/F/TAF was shown to increase adherence to ART and decrease the risk of drug resistance and virological failure.[1–4]However,another study showed a higher level of several lipid parameters in patients with tenofovir alafenamide(TAF)-based therapy compared with tenofovir(TDF)-based therapy in treatment-naïve and-experienced adults.[5]In 2019,a phase IV clinical study of E/C/F/TAF was conducted at our Antiviral Treatment Center,allowing us to explore the virological and immunological responses during 12 months of follow-up after switching.We also explored the changes in renal function,liver function,and lipid parameters in PLWHA.

关键词： immunodeficiency drugs treatment

Eradication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 reservoir in the brain microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 552-553页

作者： Yuyang Tang Guochun Jiang University of North Carolina HIV Cure Center Institute of Global Health and Infectious DiseasesThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA

Human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV)reservoirs in the human brain:Antiretroviral therapy(ART)effectively decreases active HIV replication to undetectable levels.Therefore,it greatly improves the quality of life for peo... 详细信息

关键词： immunodeficiency reservoir reservoirs

Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Henan Province, China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第22期135卷 2750-2752页

作者： Jinjin Liu Xiaohua Zhang Mingjie Hou Shuguang Wei Jie Ma Lixia Xu Xuan Yang Yan Sun Chunli Liu Qingxia Zhao Yuqi Huo Tanslational Medicine Research Center Henan Infectious Diseases HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450000China Clinic of Infection and Immunology Henan Infectious Diseases HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450000China Department of Infectious Diseases Henan Infectious Diseases HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450000China

To the Editor:Even with the emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy,human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)remains a serious public health problem worldwide.The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy(ART)has,on the one hand,significantly improved life expectancy in patients infected with HIV-1;on the other hand,it has inevitably brought along with it a difficult problem—viral resistance.Viral resistance is a common phenomenon evolutionarily,particularly in patients with poor adherence and suboptimal drug levels.

关键词： patients immunodeficiency Henan