Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway

作     者：Liang-jun Yan 

作者机构：Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUNT System College of PharmacyUniversity of North Texas Health Science Center 

出 版 物：《Animal Models and Experimental Medicine》 (动物模型与实验医学（英文）)

年 卷 期：2018年第1卷第1期

页      面：7-13页

学科分类：10[医学] 

基　　金：National Institutes of Health,Grant/Award Number:R01NS079792 UNTHSC Seed Grants,Grant/Award Number:RI10015 and RI10039 

主　　题：diabetes mellitus fructose NADH/NAD^+ oxidative stress polyol pathway redox imbalance stress 

摘      要：In diabetes mellitus, the polyol pathway is highly active and consumes approximately 30% glucose in the body. This pathway contains 2 reactions catalyzed by aldose reductase(AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, respectively. AR reduces glucose to sorbitol at the expense of NADPH, while sorbitol dehydrogenase converts sorbitol to fructose at the expense of NAD+, leading to NADH production. Consumption of NADPH, accumulation of sorbitol, and generation of fructose and NADH have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. In this review, the roles of this pathway in NADH/NAD+redox imbalance stress and oxidative stress in diabetes are highlighted. A potential intervention using nicotinamide riboside to restore redox balance as an approach to fighting diabetes is also discussed.