Does ethnicity matter in male hormonal contraceptive efficacy？

作     者：Niloufar Ilani Peter Y Liu Ronald S Swerdloff Christina Wang 

作者机构：Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute Torrance CA 90509 USA Endocnne ano Metabolic Research Program Woolcock Institute of Medical Research University of Sydney Sydney 2050 Australia 

出 版 物：《Asian Journal of Andrology》 (亚洲男性学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2011年第13卷第4期

页      面：579-584页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 0303[法学-社会学] 071010[理学-生物化学与分子生物学] 03[法学] 030303[法学-人类学] 081704[工学-应用化学] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 

基　　金：Endocrinology,Metabolism Training Grant General Clinical Research Center at Harbor UCLA NICHD through the Contraceptive Clinical Network Centers Male Area 

主　　题：azoospermia male contraception progestin suppression of spermatogenesis testosterone 

摘      要：The development of male hormonal contraception has progressed significantly during the last three decades. The ultimate goal is to produce an effective, safe and reversible male method of contraception that are within reach of and can be used by all men globally. This review aims to outline the recent developments in male hormonal contraception with special emphasis on how ethnicity influences acceptability, extent of sperm suppression, and rate of recovery of spermatogenesis. Baseline differences in testicular histomorphology and testosterone metabolism between East Asian and Caucasian men have been reported, but whether this contributes significantly to varying degrees of sperm suppression in response to exogenous testosterone therapy is less known. Testosterone alone male hormonal contraceptive regimens are effective and applicable for East Asian men, and less so for Caucasians. Combinations of progestins with androgens are sufficient to optimize effectiveness of suppression and applicability to all ethnicities. New compounds such as steroidal or non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators with dual androgenic and progestational activities are potential compounds for further development as male hormonal contraceptive methods. At the present time, combined androgen and progestin contraceptive regimens appear to be effective, safe, reversible and convenient to use for all men with ethnic, cultural and environmental differences. Further refinements on the hormonal agent, methods of delivery, and dose optimization of the androgen relative to the progestin are necessary. This goal mandates further investment and large clinical trials in multiethnic populations to better define safety and efficacy.