The cochlear implant and possibilities for narrowing the remaining gaps between prosthetic and normal hearing

作     者：Blake S.Wilson Wilson Blake S.

作者机构：Department of Surgery Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA Division of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery》 (世界耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志（英文）)

年 卷 期：2017年第3卷第4期

页      面：200-210页

学科分类：08[工学] 080502[工学-材料学] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 

主　　题：Auditory prosthesis Cochlear implant Cochlear prosthesis Deafness Neural prosthesis 

摘      要：Background:The cochlear implant has become the standard of care for severe or worse losses in hearing and indeed has produced the first substantial restoration of a lost or absent human sense using a medical ***,the devices are not perfect and many efforts to narrow the remaining gaps between prosthetic and normal hearing are ***:To assess the present status of cochlear implants and to describe possibilities for improving ***:The present-day devices work well in quiet conditions for the great majority of ***,not all users have high levels of speech reception in quiet and nearly all users struggle with speech reception in typically noisy acoustic *** addition,perception of sounds more complex than speech,such as most music,is generally poor unless residual hearing at low frequencies can be stimulated acoustically in conjunction with the electrical stimuli provided by the *** for improving the present devices include increasing the spatial specificity of neural excitation by reducing masking effects or with new stimulus modes;prudent pruning of interfering or otherwise detrimental electrodes from the stimulation map;a further relaxation in the criteria for implant candidacy,based on recent evidence from persons with high levels of residual hearing and to allow many more people to benefit from cochlear implants;and top down or brain centric approaches to implant designs and ***:Progress in the development of the cochlear implant and related treatments has been remarkable but room remains for *** future looks bright as there are multiple promising possibilities for improvements and many talented teams are pursuing them.