Cerebellum and neurodegenerative diseases:Beyond conventional magnetic resonance imaging

作     者：Enricomaria Mormina Maria Petracca Giulia Bommarito Niccolò Piaggio Sirio Cocozza Matilde Inglese 

作者机构：Department of NeurologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Neuroradiology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional ImagesUniversity of Messina Department of NeuroscienceReproductive Sciences and OdontostomatologyUniversity of Naples Federico Ⅱ Depart-ment of NeuroscienceRehabilitationOphthalmologyGenetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of Genoa Department of NeuroradiologySan Martino Hospital Department of Advanced Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico Ⅱ 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Radiology》 (世界放射学杂志（英文版）（电子版）)

年 卷 期：2017年第9卷第10期

页      面：371-388页

学科分类：0831[工学-生物医学工程（可授工学、理学、医学学位）] 1002[医学-临床医学] 08[工学] 1010[医学-医学技术（可授医学、理学学位）] 100204[医学-神经病学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：小脑 Neurodegenerative 疾病 混乱 多重硬化 Parkinsons 疾病 散开磁性的回声成像 Tractography 容量测定 功能的磁性的回声成像 Alzheimers 疾病 

摘      要：The cerebellum plays a key role in movement control and in cognition and cerebellar involvement is described in several neurodegenerative diseases.While conventional magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is widely used for brain and cerebellar morphologic evaluation,advanced MRI techniques allow the investigation of cerebellar microstructural and functional characteristics.Volumetry,voxel-based morphometry,diffusion MRI based fiber tractography,resting state and task related functional MRI,perfusion,and proton MR spectroscopy are among the most common techniques applied to the study of cerebellum.In the present review,after providing a brief description of each technique s advantages and limitations,we focus on their application to the study of cerebellar injury in major neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis,Parkinson s and Alzheimer s disease and hereditary ataxia.A brief introduction to the pathological substrate of cerebellar involvement is provided for each disease,followed by the review of MRI studies exploring structural and functional cerebellar abnormalities and by a discussion of the clinical relevance of MRI measures of cerebellar damage in terms of both clinical status and cognitive performance.