Genetic gains in wheat in Turkey: Winter wheat for dryland conditions

作     者：Mesut Keser Nurberdy Gummadov Beyhan Akin Savas Belen Zafer Mert Seyfi Taner Ali Topal Selami Yazar Alexey Morgounov Ram Chandra Sharma Fatih Ozdemir 

作者机构：International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) Yenimahalle Ankara 06170 Turkey International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Yenimahalle Ankara 06170 Turkey Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute Tepebasi Eskisehir 26005 Turkey Central Research Institute for Field Crops Ankara 06170 Turkey Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Research Institute Konya 42050 Turkey Department of Field Crops Faculty of Agriculture Selcuk University Konya 42030 Turkey International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) Tashkent Uzbekistan 

出 版 物：《The Crop Journal》 (作物学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2017年第5卷第6期

页      面：533-540页

核心收录：

学科分类：09[农学] 0901[农学-作物学] 

基　　金：supported by CRP WHEAT the Turkish Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Livestock 

主　　题：Genetic gain Rainfed wheat production Winter wheat Yield 

摘      要：Wheat breeders in Turkey have been developing new varieties since the 1920 s, but few studies have evaluated the rates of genetic improvement. This study determined wheat genetic gains by evaluating 22 winter/facultative varieties released for rainfed conditions between 1931 and2006. The study was conducted at three locations in Turkey during 2008-2012, with a total of 21 test sites. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates in2008 and 2009 and three replicates in 2010-2012. Regression analysis was conducted to determine genetic progress over time. Mean yield across all 21 locations was 3.34 t ha^(-1) but varied from 1.11 ha^(-1) to 6.02 t ha^(-1) and was highly affected by moisture stress. Annual genetic gain was 0.50% compared to Ak-702, or 0.30% compared to the first modern landmark varieties. The genetic gains in drought-affected sites were 0.75% compared to Ak-702 and0.66% compared to the landmark varieties. Modem varieties had both improved yield potential and tolerance to moisture stress. Rht genes and rye translocations were largely absent in the varieties studied. The number of spikes per unit area decreased by 10% over the study period,but grains spike^(-1) and 1000-kemel weight increased by 10%. There were no significant increases in harvest index, grain size, or spike fertility, and no significant decrease in quality over time. Future use of Rht genes and rye translocations in breeding programs may increase yield under rainfed conditions.