Nitrogen and Phosphorus Runoff Losses from Orchard Soils in South China as Affected by Fertilization Depths and Rates

作     者：ZENG Shu-Cai SU Zhi-Yao CHEN Bei-Guang WU Qi-Tang OUYANG Ying ZENG Shu-Cai~1 SU Zhi-Yao~1 CHEN Bei-Guang~1 WU Qi-Tang~(2,*2) OUYANG Ying~3 1 College of Forestry,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642 (China). 2 College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642 (China) 3 Department of Water Resources,St.Johns River Water Management District,P.O.Box 1429,Palatka,FL 32178-1429 (USA)

作者机构：College of Forestry South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 (China) College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 (China) Department of Water Resources St. Johns River Water Management District P.O. Box 1429 Palatka FL 32178-1429 (USA) 

出 版 物：《Pedosphere》 (土壤圈（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2008年第18卷第1期

页      面：45-53页

核心收录：

学科分类：09[农学] 0903[农学-农业资源与环境] 090301[农学-土壤学] 

基　　金：Project supported by the Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province,China (No.2004B33301007) the Rockefeller Brothers Fund,America 

主　　题：fertilization depth fertilization rate runoff total N total P 

摘      要：Fertilizers are heavily applied in orchards of the hilly and mountainous topography of South China and may increase nutrient loadings to receiving waters.A simple runoff collecting system was used to measure the effects of different fertilization treatments on total N and P concentrations of surface runoff in a Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) orchard in Dongyuan County,Guangdong Province,*** such orchards,fertilizer was typically applied in two short furrows or pits on either side of each *** included three application depths (surface,10cm and 20 cm),and three application rates (low,median and high).Results showed that 90.5% of the runoff water samples had a total N concentration higher than 0.35 mgL^(-1) and 54.2% had a total P concentration higher than 0.1 mgL^(-1).Fertilizer application at all depths and at all but the lowest rate significantly increased total N and P concentrations in runoff *** with chemical compound fertilizer at a soil depth of 20cm produced significantly lower (P0.05) total N concentration in runoff than both surface and 10-cm depth fertilization,and significantly lower (P0.05) total P concentration in runoff than surface *** N and P concentrations in runoff significantly increased with the application rate of organic *** the exception of total P concentrations,which were not significantly different between the control and fertilization at a rate of 119 kg P ha-1 in organic form,all the other fertilization treatments produced significantly higher total N and total P concentrations in runoff than the control.A fertilization depth≥20cm and an application rate≤72 kg N ha^(-1) or 119 kg P ha^(-1) for compound organic fertilizer was suggested to substantially reduce N and P runoff losses from hillslope orchards and to protect receiving waters in South China.