Modern trends in animal venom research-omics and nanomaterials
Modern trends in animal venom research-omics and nanomaterials作者机构:Laboratory of Molecular ToxinologyShemyakinOvchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry117997 MoscowRussia National University of Science and Technology MISiS119049 MoscowRussia
出 版 物:《World Journal of Biological Chemistry》 (世界生物化学杂志(英文版)(电子版))
年 卷 期:2017年第8卷第1期
页 面:4-12页
学科分类:0710[理学-生物学] 071010[理学-生物化学与分子生物学] 081704[工学-应用化学] 07[理学] 070205[理学-凝聚态物理] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 080501[工学-材料物理与化学] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程(可授工学、理学学位)] 0702[理学-物理学]
基 金:Supported by The Russian Foundation for Basic Research,No.15-04-01843 the Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation,No.RFMEFI58414X0006
主 题:Animal venom Proteomics Peptidomics Transcriptomics Nanotechnology Genomics Quantum dots Nanoparticles Metabolomics
摘 要:Animal venom research is a specialized investigation field, in which a number of different methods are used and this array is constantly expanding. Thus, recently emerged omics and nanotechnologies have already been successfully applied to venom research. Animal venoms have been studied for quite a long time. The traditional reductionist approach has been to isolate individual toxins and then study their structure and function. Unfortunately, the characterization of the venom as a whole system and its multiple effects on an entire organism were not possible until recent times. The development of new methods in mass spectrometry and sequencing have allowed such characterizations of venom, encompassing the identification of new toxins present in venoms at extremely low concentrations to changes in metabolism of prey organisms after envenomation. In particular, this type of comprehensive research has become possible due to the development of the various omics technologies: Proteomics, peptidomics, transcriptomics, genomics and metabolomics. As in other research fields, these omics technologies ushered in a revolution for venom studies, which is now entering the era of big data. Nanotechnology is a very new branch of technology and developing at an extremely rapid pace. It has found application in many spheres and has not bypassed the venom studies. Nanomaterials are quite promising in medicine, and most studies combining venoms and nanomaterials are dedicated to medical applications. Conjugates of nanoparticles with venom components have been proposed for use as drugs or diagnostics. For example, nanoparticles conjugated with chlorotoxin- a toxin in scorpion venom, which has been shown to bind specifically to glioma cells- are considered as potential glioma-targeted drugs, and conjugates of neurotoxins with fluorescent semiconductor nanoparticles or quantum dots may be used to detect endogenous targets expressed in live cells. The data on application of omics and nanot