The Research on the Distribution, Abundance and Some Ecological Characteristics of Neuroterus Species （Hymenoptera： Cynipidae） in Oak Forest of West Azerbaijan （Iran）

作     者：Mohammed Reza Zargaran Mohammed Hassan Safaralizadeh Ali Asghar Pourmirza Esmaeil Alizadeh 

作者机构：Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture Uremia University Uremia West Azerbao＇an P.O. Box 165 Iran Agricultural and Natural Resources Center of West Azerbao＇an Uremia P. O. Box 365 Iran 

出 版 物：《Journal of Life Sciences》 (生命科学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2011年第5卷第8期

页      面：625-633页

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 0907[农学-林学] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0829[工学-林业工程] 09[农学] 

主　　题：Oak gall wasps distribution population Neuroterus sp. forest. 

摘      要：Oak gall wasps （Hymenoptera： Cynipidae）, with more than 1300 species, represent one of the largest radiations of gall inducing insects. Many studies have documented galling species lists and richness, especially gall wasps, but few studies have been directed toward understanding how the gall-inducing species are locally distributed. In this survey, the oak gall wasps were collected from April to November （2009 and 2010） in West Azerbaijan of Iran. Among these collected galls, five species of oak gall wasps which belonged to the genus Neuroterus sp. were identified as： Neuroterus lanuginosus Giraud, N. numismalis Geoffroy, N. saliens Kollar, N. laeviusculus Schenck and N. quercus-baccarum Linnaeus. All of the galls in this survey are leaf galls. These galls were produced by the asexual reproduction and were collected in summer and fall seasons. The highest species richness was recorded in Ghabre-hossein and Vavan stations. Also, the highest density of gall formation was recorded at the southern direction. The multiple-sites similarity measures indicated that similarity in gall composition and community between collecting sites was generally between 0.57 and 0.90. The highest multiple site similarity was recorded between Vavan vs Rabat vs Dare-ghabr station. The authors showed that the very cold and humidity climate is not appropriate to Neuroterus species activity and the south direction is the best side for their survival.