Highly sensitive plasmonic nanoridge hyperbolic metamaterial for biosensing

作     者：XINZHAO YUE TAO WANG YAOHUA CAI RUOQIN YAN LU WANG HUIMIN WANG ENZE LV XUYANG YUAN JINWEI ZENG XUEWEN SHU JIAN WANG XINZHAO YUE;TAO WANG;YAOHUA CAI;RUOQIN YAN;Lu WANG;HUIMIN WANG;ENZE LV;XUYANG YUAN;JINWEI ZENG;XUEWEN SHU;JIAN WANG

作者机构：Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and Technology Institute of HematologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology 

出 版 物：《Photonics Research》 (光子学研究(英文))

年 卷 期：2025年第13卷第1期

页      面：113-124页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 080202[工学-机械电子工程] 08[工学] 080501[工学-材料物理与化学] 070204[理学-等离子体物理] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 080502[工学-材料学] 0802[工学-机械工程] 0702[理学-物理学] 

基　　金：National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFE0105800) National Natural Science Foundation of China (62275084, 62275093,62125503) Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2023AFA028) 

主　　题：Modal dispersion Refractive index Scanning electron microscopy Surface plasmon resonance Total internal reflection Waveguide modes 

摘      要：Artificially designed hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) with extraordinary optical anisotropy can support highly sensitive plasmonic sensing detections, showcasing significant potential for advancements in medical research and clinical diagnostics. In this study, we develop a gold nanoridge HMM and disclose the plasmonic sensing physical mechanism based on this type of HMM through theoretical and experimental studies. We determine that the high modal group velocity of plasmonic guided modes stemming from a large transverse permittivity of HMMs directly results in high sensitivity. By combining electron-beam lithography, oxygen plasma etching, and electroplating,the fabricated gold nanoridge array possesses an extremely high structural filling ratio that is difficult to obtain through conventional processes. This leads to a large transverse permittivity and enables highly confined and ultra-sensitive bulk plasmon–polariton (BPP) guided modes. By exciting these modes in the visible to near-infrared region, we achieve a record sensitivity of 53,300 nm/RIU and a figure of merit of 533. Furthermore, the developed plasmonic nanoridge HMM sensor exhibits an enhanced sensitivity of two orders of magnitude compared to that of the same type of HMM sensor in label-free biomolecule detection. Our study not only offers a promising avenue for label-free biosensing but also holds great potential to enhance early disease detection and monitoring.