Potential use of garlic products in ruminant feeding:A review

作     者：He Ding Changjin Ao Xiaoqing Zhang He Ding;Changjin Ao;Xiaoqing Zhang

作者机构：Institute of Grassland ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHohhot 010010China Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionCollege of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China 

出 版 物：《Animal Nutrition》 (动物营养（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2023年第14卷第3期

页      面：343-355页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 0905[农学-畜牧学] 0906[农学-兽医学] 070303[理学-有机化学] 0703[理学-化学] 

基　　金：supported by the Support Projection for HighLevel Talents of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(no grant number) Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1610332022011) Key Research Projects(XZ202001ZY0037N) Science and Technology Major Projects(XZ202101ZD0001N)from Tibet Autonomous Region。 

主　　题：Garlic product Ruminant Methane emission Growth performance Product quality 

摘      要：The addition of antibiotics as growth promoters to ruminant feed can result in bacterial resistance and antibiotic residues in ruminant products.Correspondingly,there is serious public concern regarding the presence of antibiotic residue in ruminant products and the consequent threat to human health.As a result,the addition of plants and their products to ruminant feeds,as an alternative to antibiotics,has received much attention recently.Garlic and its products are rich in organosulphur compounds,which have a variety of biological activities and have been widely used as natural additives in animal production.This review presents recent knowledge on the addition of garlic products(powder,skin,oil,leaf and extracts)to the diets of ruminants.In this paper,garlic products are evaluated with respect to their chemical composition,bioactive compounds,and their impacts on the rumen ecosystem,antioxidant status,immune response,parasitic infection,growth performance and product quality of ruminants.This review provides valuable guidance and a theoretical basis for the development of garlic products as green,highly efficient and safe additives,with the aims of promoting ruminant growth and health,reducing methane emissions and improving ruminant product quality.Garlic extracts have the potential to control parasite infections by decreasing the faecal egg count.Garlic powder,oil and allicin are able to reduce the methane emissions of ruminants.Organosulphur compounds such as allicin,which is present in garlic products,have the potential to inhibit membrane lipid synthesis of the archaeal community,thus influencing the population of methanogenic archaea and resulting in a reduction in methane emissions.Some garlic products are also able to increase the average daily gain(garlic skin,water extract,and leaf)and the feed conversion ratio(garlic skin and leaf)of ruminants.Garlic stalk silage fed to sheep has the potential to improve the nutritional value of mutton by increasing the concentrations of linoleic and linolenic acids and essential amino acids.Sheep fed a diet containing garlic powder or oil are able to produce milk with higher concentrations of the conjugated linoleic acids and n-3 fatty acids,which has health benefits for consumers,due to the widely recognized positive impact of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids on human heart health,improving platelet aggregation,vasodilation and thrombotic tendency.Overall,garlic products have the potential to enhance growth performance and product quality and reduce parasite infections,as well as methane emissions of ruminants.