Starchy and fibrous feedstuffs differ in their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and differently modulate gut microbiota of swine

作     者：Utsav P.Tiwari Rabindra K.Mandal Kabi Raj Neupane Birendra Mishra Rajesh Jha Utsav P.Tiwari;Rabindra K.Mandal;Kabi Raj Neupane;Birendra Mishra;Rajesh Jha

作者机构：Department of Human NutritionFood and Animal SciencesUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa1955 East-West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA Indiana University School of MedicineIndianaUSA Math and Sciences DivisionLeeward community collegePearl CityHI 96782USA 

出 版 物：《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 (畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第13卷第5期

页      面：1402-1412页

核心收录：

学科分类：0905[农学-畜牧学] 09[农学] 

基　　金：supported by USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture Hatch-Multistate fund managed by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu HI USA. 

主　　题：Fermentation Fiber Gut health Microbial diversity Starch Swine 

摘      要：Background:Alternative feedstuffs may contribute to reducing feed costs of pig production.But these feedstuffs are typically rich in fiber and resistant starch(RS).Dietary fibers and RS are fermented in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)and modulate the microbial community.Certain microbes in the GIT can promote host health,depending on the type of fermentation substrates available.In this study,six alternative feedstuffs(three starchy:Okinawan sweet potato,OSP;yam,and taro,and three fibrous:wheat millrun,WMR;barley brewers grain,BBG;and macadamia nut cake,MNC)were evaluated for their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and their effects on pig’s hindgut microbial profile.After 2 steps of enzymatic digestion assay,residues were fermented using fresh pig feces as microbial inoculum,and gas production was recorded periodically for 72 h and modeled for fermentation kinetics.After fermentation,the residual liquid phase was analyzed for short-chain fatty acid(SCFA),and the solid phase was used to determine the nutrient’s digestibility and microbial community.Results:In vitro ileal digestibility of dry matter and gross energy was higher in starchy than fibrous feedstuffs.Total gas and SCFA production were significantly higher(P0.001)in starchy feedstuffs than fibrous feedstuffs.Both acetate and propionate production was significantly higher(P0.001)in all starchy feedstuffs than BBG and MNC;WMR was in between.Overall alpha diversity was not significantly different within and between starchy and fibrous feedstuffs.Beta diversity(measured using bray Curtis dissimilarity distance)of starchy feedstuffs was significantly different(P0.005)than fibrous feedstuffs.Conclusion:Starchy feedstuffs acted as a substrate to similar types of microbes,whereas fibrous feedstuffs resulted in a more diverse microbial population.Such alternative feedstuffs may exert comparable beneficial effects,thus may be included in swine diets to improve gut health.