Genetic diseases conferring resistance to infectious diseases
作者机构：Department of Biomedical SciencesIowa State University College of Veterinary MedicineAmesIA 50011USA Department of PsychologyIowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Department of KinesiologyIowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Department of GeneticsDevelopmental and Cell BiologyIowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Neuroscience Interdepartmental ProgramIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA
出 版 物：《Genes & Diseases》 (基因与疾病（英文）)
年 卷 期：2015年第2卷第3期
页 面：247-254页
学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 0831[工学-生物医学工程（可授工学、理学、医学学位）] 1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100401[医学-流行病与卫生统计学] 0703[理学-化学] 10[医学]
主 题：Disease Infectious Pathogen Polymorphism Resistance Susceptibility
摘 要：This review considers available evidence for mechanisms of conferred adaptive advantages in the face of specific infectious diseases.In short,we explore a number of genetic conditions,which carry some benefits in adverse circumstances including exposure to infectious agents.The examples discussed are conditions known to result in resistance to a specific infectious disease,or have been proposed as being associated with resistance to various infectious diseases.These infectious diseasedgenetic disorder pairings include malaria and hemoglobinopathies,cholera and cystic fibrosis,tuberculosis and Tay-Sachs disease,mycotic abortions and phenylketonuria,infection by enveloped viruses and disorders of glycosylation,infection by filoviruses and NiemannePick C1 disease,as well as rabies and myasthenia gravis.We also discuss two genetic conditions that lead to infectious disease hypersusceptibility,although we did not cover the large number of immunologic defects leading to infectious disease hypersusceptibilities.Four of the resistance-associated pairings(malaria/hemogloginopathies,cholera/cystic fibrosis,tuberculosis/Tay-Sachs,and mycotic abortions/phenylketonuria)appear to be a result of selection pressures in geographic regions in which the specific infectious agent is endemic.The other pairings do not appear to be based on selection pressure and instead may be serendipitous.Nonetheless,research investigating these relationships may lead to treatment options for the aforementioned diseases by exploiting established mechanisms between genetically affected cells and infectious organisms.This may prove invaluable as a starting point for research in the case of diseases that currently have no reliably curative treatments,e.g.,HIV,rabies,and Ebola.
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