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Numerical simulation of the Kuroshio intrusion into the South china Sea by a passive tracer

Acta oceanologica Sinica 2016年第9期35卷 1-12页

作者： LIU Tongya XU Jiexin HE Yinghui LüHaibin YAO Yuan CAI Shuqun State Key Laboratory of Tropical oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China school of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering Huaihai Institute of TechnologyLianyungang 222005China Qinhuangdao Marine Environmental Monitoring Central Station North China Sea Branch of State Oceanic AdministrationQinhuangdao 066002China

Owing to lack of observational data and accurate definition,it is difficult to distinguish the Kuroshio intrusion water from the Pacific ocean into the South china Sea（SCS）.By using a passive tracer to identify the Kuroshio water based on an observation-validated three-dimensional numerical model MITgcm,the spatio-temporal variation of the Kuroshio intrusion water into the SCS has been *** result shows the Kuroshio intrusion is of distinct seasonal variation in both horizontal and vertical *** winter,the intruding Kuroshio water reaches the farthest,almost occupying the area from 18°N to 23°N and 114°E to 121°E,with a small branch flowing towards the Taiwan *** intrusion region of the Kuroshio water decreases with depth ***,in summer,the Kuroshio water is confined to the east of 118°E without any branch reaching the Taiwan Strait; meanwhile the intrusion region of the Kuroshio water increases from the surface to the depth about 205 m,then it decreases with *** estimated annual mean of Kuroshio Intrusion Transport（KIT） via the Luzon Strait is westward to the SCS in an amount of –3.86×106 m3/s,which is larger than the annual mean of Luzon Strait Transport（LST） of –3.15×106 m3/*** KIT above 250 m accounts for 60%–80% of the LST throughout the entire water *** analyzing interannual variation of the Kuroshio intrusion from the year 2003 to 2012,we find that the Kuroshio branch flowing into the Taiwan Strait is the weaker in winter of La Ni？a years than those in El Ni？o and normal years,which may be attributed to the wind stress curl off the southeast china ***,the KIT correlates the Ni？o 3.4 index from 2003 to 2012 with a correlation coefficient of 0.41,which is lower than that of the LST with the Ni？o 3.4 index,i.e.,0.78.

关键词： Kuroshio intrusion spatio-temporal variation volume transport numerical model South china Sea

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Surveilling microglia dampens neuronal activity:operation of a purinergically mediated negative feedback mechanism

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第5期6卷 1413-1415页

作者： Peter Illes Alexei Verkhratsky Yong Tang Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology University of LeipzigLeipzigGermany school of Acupuncture and Tuina Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina international Collaborative Center on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signaling Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK

The recent paper published in Nature by Badimon et *** that neuronal activity via the stimulation of surveilling microglia feeds back to inhibit neuronal networks.1 This effect is mediated by the release of ATP from the terminals of excitatory neurons;subsequently,ATP is degraded to adenosine by microglial enzymes,imposing an inhibitory,A1 receptor(R)-mediated control on the hyperactive neurons themselves.

关键词： mediated stimulation operation

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To Board or Not to Board： Evidence from Nutrition, Health and Education Outcomes of Students in Rural china

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china & World Economy 2016年第3期24卷 52-66页

作者： Aiqin Wang Alexis Medina Renfu Luo Yaojiang Shi Ai Yue PhD candidate School of Economics and Management Northwest University China Research Fellow Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Stanford University USA Associate Professor School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University China Professor Center for Experimental Economics in Education Shaanxi Normal University China Associate Professor Center for Experimental Economics in Education Shaanxi Normal University China

The debate over whether boarding school is beneficial for students still exists in both developing and developed countries. In rural china, as a result of a national school merger program that began in 2001, the number of boarding students has increased dramatically. Little research has been done, however, to measure how boarding status may be correlated with nutrition, health and educational outcomes. In this paper, we compare the outcomes of boarding to those of non-boarding students using a large, aggregate dataset that includes 59 rural counties across five provinces in china. We find that for all outcomes boarding students perform worse than non-boarding students. Despite these differences, the absolute levels of all outcomes are low for both boarding and non-boarding students, indicating a need for new policies that will target all rural students regardless of their boarding status.

关键词： boarding students education health nutrition rural china

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Effects of the Melting of the Global Ice Packs on international Governance

Effects of the Melting of the Global Ice Packs on Internatio...

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2008年公共管理国际会议

作者： Wallace K. Graduate Program in public administration Graduate Program in Public AdministrationHamline University

In the past year,estimates about the results of melting of ice packs in Antarctica and the Arctic upon sea level have dramatically changed due to added knowledge about patterns of global ***,the date when significant ice pack melt will have been completed has moved from the long distant future to an estimate by a prominent scientist that places such an impact in the very near *** change in estimates has come as the result of reports by the National Snow and Ice Center in Boulder Colorado indicating that the amount of Arctic ice dramatically dropped in the period between 2005 and *** a result of this new information and conflicting data about when major effects will occur,the Arctic Council is working on a study regarding Greenland’s ice trends,due to be completed before the 2009 climate-treaty talks;with Greenland’s patterns being especially important,since its melt of fresh water ice could dramatically effect world-wide sea *** the numbers of people at risk in world coastal areas,there is a need to think through alternative scenarios of what public policy actions may need to be taken when the results of the study become known,including how to deal with the possible displacement of large numbers of people,and how to deal with the potential of major economic *** sheer magnitude of such changes will require dramatically altered public management thinking along the lines of(a) viewing governance as a model of collaboration between public,non-profit and private sectors,(b) thinking in terms of public goods,in addition to private goods,with a focus upon "leadership" rather than individual and separate leaders,and(c) having leaders bridge current organizational boundaries in order to address issues of the environment and justice.

关键词： Ice pack melt Global warming Collaborative governance

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A 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition protocol to porphyrin- functionalized reduced graphene oxide with a push-pull motif

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Nano Research 2015年第3期8卷 870-886页

作者： Aijian Wang Wang Yu Zhengguo Xiao Yinglin Song Lingliang Long Marie P. Cifuentes Mark G. Humphrey Chi Zhang china-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China china-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials Scientific Research Academy Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China school of Physical Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China Research school of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT0200 Australia

减少的 graphene 氧化物(RGO ) 是 covalently 有由二个方法的卟啉一半的 functionalized：直接 Prato 反应(即 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition ) 与 sarcosine 和包含甲酰的卟啉，并且用 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde 包含 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition 到 RGO 表面的一个逐步的方法，与适当卟啉由亲核的替换列在后面。到 RGO 表面的卟啉的化学结合被紫外 / 可见的吸收证实了，荧光， Fourier 变换红外线，并且拉曼光谱学， X 光检查粉末衍射和 X 光检查光电子光谱学，传播电子和原子力量显微镜学，和 thermogravimetric 分析；这个化学附件保证在 RGO 和卟啉之间的有效电子 / 精力转移，并且 RGO 先锋和太古的卟啉与那些相比负担得起改进光非线性。

关键词：偶极环加成氧化石墨卟啉氧化物 X-射线粉末衍射 4-羟基苯甲醛还原协议

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Paleoclimate Modeling in china: A Review

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第2期32卷 250-275页

作者： JIANG Dabang YU Ge ZHAO Ping CHEN Xing LIU Jian LIU Xiaodong WANG Shaowu ZHANG Zhongshi YU Yongqiang LI Yuefeng JIN Liya XU Ying JU Lixia ZHOU Tianjun YAN Xiaodong Nansen Zhu international Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences school of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment of Ministry of Education School of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Atmospheric and oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences china Meteorological administration Training Center Key Laboratory of Western china’s Environmental Systems Lanzhou University National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University

This paper provides a review of paleoclimate modeling activities in china. Rather than attempt to cover all topics, we have chosen a few climatic intervals and events judged to be particularly informative to the international community. In historical climate simulations, changes in solar radiation and volcanic activity explain most parts of reconstructions over the last millennium prior to the industrial era, while atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations play the most important role in the20 th century warming over china. There is a considerable model–data mismatch in the annual and boreal winter temperature change over china during the mid-Holocene [6000 years before present（ka BP）], while coupled models with an interactive ocean generally perform better than atmospheric models. For the Last Glacial Maximum（21 ka BP）, climate models successfully reproduce the surface cooling trend over china but fail to reproduce its magnitude, with a better performance for coupled models. At that time, reconstructed vegetation and western Pacific sea surface temperatures could have significantly affected the East Asian climate, and environmental conditions on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau were most likely very different to the present day. During the late Marine Isotope Stage 3（30–40 ka BP）, orbital forcing and Northern Hemisphere glaciation, as well as vegetation change in china, were likely responsible for East Asian climate change. On the tectonic scale,the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau uplift, the Tethys Sea retreat, and the South china Sea expansion played important roles in the formation of the East Asian monsoon-dominant environment pattern during the late Cenozoic.

关键词： paleoclimate modeling china millennium orbital scale tectonic scale

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Morphological and genetic comparison of two strains of a Prorocentrum species isolated from Zhejiang coastal water of china and Masan Bay of Korea

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Chinese Journal of oceanology and Limnology 2011年第4期29卷 832-839页

作者：陆斗定王红霞黄海燕夏平戴鑫烽 GBEL Jeanette JEONG Hae Jin State Key Laboratory of Satellite ocean Environment Dynamics Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Landesamt für Landwirtschaft Umwelt und lndliche Rume Hamburger Chaussee 25 Flintbek 24220 Germany school of Earth and Environmental Science College of Natural Sciences Seoul National University Korea

In this paper, we examined the detailed morphology of two strains of Prorocentrum isolated from the coastal waters of Zhejiang (Wenling area), china, and Masan Bay of Korea. A taxonomic comparison was made among strains on the basis of morphological and molecular data. The cellular dimensions of the Chinese Wenling strain (LAMB090508) and Korean strain (PDKS0206) were similar and the cells of both strains were of asymmetric and elongated shape. The posterior end of most cells was rounded. Megacytic zones of aged cells were broader with dense tiny knobs. The roundish nucleus was located in the posterior part of the cell. A few irregular shaped chloroplasts were distributed within the cell. The nucleotide similarity of the two strains, determined from the 5.8S rDNA-ITS sequences, was 99.83%. The comparative results of morphology and molecular analysis suggest that both strains isolated from china and Korea were the identical species, Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu.

关键词：东海原甲藻沿海水域形态学分离株韩国中国浙江遗传

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Interplanetary shock-associated aurora

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Advances in Polar Science 2019年第1期30卷 11-23页

作者： LIU Jianjun HU Hongqiao HAN Desheng YANG Huigen SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth Science Tongji University

Interplanetary shocks or solar wind pressure pulses have prompted impacts on Earth's magnetospheric and ionospheric environment, especially in causing dynamic changes to the bright aurora in the polar ionosphere. The auroral phenomenon associated with shock impingements, referred to as shock aurora, exhibits distinct signatures differing from other geophysical features on the dayside polar ionosphere. Shock aurora provides a direct manifestation of the solar wind–magnetosphere–ionosphere interaction. Imagers onboard satellites can obtain the associated large-scale auroral characteristics during shock impingement on the magnetopause. Therefore, auroral data from satellites are very useful for surveying the comprehensive features of shock aurora and their general evolution. Nonetheless, the ground-based high temporal-spatial resolution all-sky imagers installed at scientific stations play an essential role in revealing medium-and small-scale characteristics of shock aurora. Here, we focus on shock aurora imaging signatures measured by imagers onboard satellites and ground-based all-sky imagers.

关键词： interplanetary shock sudden impulse shock aurora wave-particle interaction field-aligned current

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2D and 3D orientation mapping in nanostructured metals: A review

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Nano Materials Science 2020年第1期2卷 50-57页

作者： Guilin Wu Wanquan Zhu Qiongyao He Zongqiang Feng Tianlin Huang Ling Zhang SØren Schmidt Andrew Godfrey Xiaoxu Huang international Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys(MOE) College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Sciences Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Electron Microscopy Center of Chongqing university Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Department of Physics Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 KgsLyngbyDenmark Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100184China

Nanostructured metals possess various excellent properties and offer the potential for a wide range of *** in the properties and performance of nanostructured metal components motivate a complete characterization of the microstructures and crystallographic orientations of nanostructured metals with nanoscale spatial *** well developed orientation mapping techniques for such characterization are electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)in the scanning electron microscope and precession electron diffraction(PED)using diffraction spots in the transmission electron ***,these methods can only characterize the structure in two *** is still a great challenge to characterize grains in three dimensions,*** the interior of the nanostructured ***,three-dimensional orientation mapping in the transmission electron microscope(3 D-OMi TEM)was developed and further improvements of this technique are introduced in this *** of these orientation mapping techniques for structural and orientational characterizations are demonstrated by examples of surface-deformed metals with gradient nanostructures,and a sputtered gold film of nano-islands containing *** merits and challenges of each of these techniques are discussed and suggestions for further developments are proposed.

关键词： Nanostructured metals Microstructure Crystallographic orientation EBSD PED 3D-OMiTEM

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Interdecadal Variability of East Asian Summer Monsoon Precipitation over 220 Years (1777-1997)

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2010年第2期27卷 253-264页

作者： Chun-Ji KIM 钱维宏 Hyun-Suk KANG Dong-Kyou LEE Atmospheric Sciences Program School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University National Institute of Meteorological Research Korea Meteorological Administration Department of Geophysics Peking University

In this study, long-term （1777–1997） precipitation data for Seoul, Korea, wetness indices from eastern china, and modern observations are used to identify the interdecadal variability in East Asian summer monsoon precipitation over the last 220 years. In the East Asian monsoon region, two long-term timescales of dry–wet transitions for the interdecadal variability and quasi-40-and quasi-60-year timescales are dominant in the 220-year precipitation data of Seoul, as well as in the wetness indices over china. The wet and dry spells between Seoul （southern china） and northern china are out-of-phase （out-of-phase） at the quasi-60-year timescale, and in-phase （out-of-phase by approximately 90 ？ before 1900 and in-phase after 1900） at the quasi-40-year timescale. In particular, during the last century, the dominant long-term timescales over East Asia tend to decrease from the quasi-60-year to the quasi-40-year with increasing time. The dominant quasi-40-year and quasi-60-year timescales of the Seoul precipitation in Korea are strongly correlated with these timescales of the northern Pacific ocean.

关键词： interdecadal variability East Asian summer monsoon precipitation timescales dry–wet transition

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