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Maternal Mortality Interventions: A Systematic Review

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第9期4卷 699-707页

作者： Gina Marie Piane Eliva Ambugo Clinton Community Health department National University Costa Mesa CA USA

Background: In order to achieve the World Health organization’s Millennium Development Goal of reducing maternal mortality by three quarters by 2015, a strong global commitment is needed to address this issue in low-income nations where the risk to women is greatest. A comprehensive international effort must include provision of obstetric and general medical care as well as community-based interventions, with an emphasis on the latter in nations where the majority of women deliver babies at home without a trained attendant. Methods: This systematic analysis evaluates interventions published in Medline and CINAHL whose outcome measure is maternal mortality. Analysis includes components of the intervention, nation and maternal death rates. Results: Nine studies documented the effectiveness of various clinical and community-based interventions, including specific drug regimens and procedures, in reducing the risk of maternal death. Six studies reported interventions that did not significantly alter maternal mortality outcomes, and the intervention in one study demonstrated increased risk of maternal death. Conclusion: The dearth of evidence highlights the need for increased focus on translational research that bridges the gap between medical advances and community-based interventions that are feasible in low-income nations. This cannot be accomplished without a stronger commitment to reducing maternal mortality by global health practitioners and researchers.

关键词： Maternal Mortality Systematic Review Women’s Health

Regional Factors in Yemen’s Integration Reunification

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic studies 2010年第4期4卷 102-120,I0006页

作者： XIA Lu department of Political Science School of Public AffairsXiamen University

Among the divided nations after the Second World War,Yemen was the only country which was reunified by integration *** author believes that this process could be explained not only by the nation's power at the national level and by the international system at the global level,but also in the logic of regional factors at the regional *** article attempts to analyses two aspects of regional factors in Yemen’s integration *** first one is"hard regional factor"such as Regional Big *** Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the regional big power in this *** Second one is"soft regional factor"like Regional Multilateral *** the case of Yemen’s reunification,the League of Arab States(LAS)is the soft regional *** analysis,we can draw a conclusion:"Regional factors affect the divided nation's reunification model".(1)As to the hard regional factor,if both of the divided separates had normal diplomatic relationships with regional big power,it would be conducive to nation’s integration reunification.(2)As to the soft regional factor,if both of the divided separates co-operated in a mature regional multilateral organization in Lockean Culture,it would contribute to the integration reunification *** research will count for China’s reunification studies to some extent.

关键词： Divided Nation Integration Reunification Kingdom of Saudi Arabia League of Arab States Regional Factors Yemen

Reviews on Current Carbon Emission Reduction Technologies and Projects and their Feasibilities on Ships

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2017年第2期16卷 129-136页

作者： Haibin Wang Peilin Zhou Zhongcheng Wang department of Naval Architecture Ocean and Marine Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow G4 0LZ UK Shanghai Maritime University Merchant Marine College Shanghai 201306 China

Concern about global climate change is growing, and many projects and researchers are committed to reducing greenhouse gases from all possible sources. international Maritime organization (IMO) has set a target of 20% CO2 reduction from shipping by 2020 and also presented a series of carbon emission reduction methods, which are known as Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) and Energy Efficiency Operation Indicator (EEOI). Reviews on carbon emission reduction from all industries indicate that, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is an excellent solution to global warming. In this paper, a comprehensive literature review of EEDI and EEOI and CCS is conducted and involves reviewing current policies, introducing common technologies, and considering their feasibilities for marine activities, mainly shipping. Current projects are also presented in this paper, thereby illustrating that carbon emission reduction has been the subject of attention from all over the world. Two case ship studies indicate the economic feasibility of carbon emission reduction and provide a guide for CCS system application and practical installation on ships.

关键词： marine environment control carbon reduction technologies EEDI EEOI CCS chemical absorption

Carbon accounting system:the bridge between carbon governance and carbon performance in Malaysian Companies

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2021年第1期7卷 258-270页

作者： Tze San Ong Nur Fatin Binti Kasbun Boon Heng Teh Haslinah Muhammad Sohail Ahmad Javeed School of Business and Economics Universiti Putra MalaysiaSeri KembanganMalaysia Accounting department Universiti Kuala Lumpur Business School Faculty of Management Multimedia UniversityCyberjayaMalaysia Hangzhou College of Commerce Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhouChina

Introduction:Research has shown the negative impacts of climate change on the economy and how the state of the environment has been a complex global *** studies have suggested immediate actions to avoid any unforeseen circumstances for all living things on *** research has also supported all kinds of sustainability efforts as resolutions to address the deterioration of climate change caused by business ***:There is a need for companies to start acting and assigning employees to mitigate carbon emitted by *** study is motivated by the lack of empirical evidence that examines how corporate carbon governance influences better carbon performance of organizations and authorizes organizations to implement and embed carbon ***:This study used evidence from Malaysia to explore this subject matter and examined the association between carbon governance and carbon performance of *** research also investigated the mediation effect of carbon accounting with respect to carbon governance and carbon ***:It is revealed that carbon governance had no significant influence on an organization’s carbon performance although carbon accounting implementation positively influenced carbon *** findings imply that despite its insignificance,carbon accounting remains a vital matter to be deployed by organizations for better carbon emission mitigation.

关键词： Carbon governance carbon accounting carbon performance climate change

Advances in treatment and prevention of hepatitis B

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2021年第4期12卷 56-78页

作者： Niraj James Shah Mark M Aloysius Neil Rohit Sharma Kumar Pallav department of Internal Medicine Digestive DiseaseUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States department of Internal Medicine The Wright Center for Graduate Medical EducationScrantonPA 18505United States department of Internal Medicine Interventional Oncology and Surgical EndoscopyParkview Regional Medical CenterParkview Cancer InstituteFort WayneIN 46845United States

Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)continues to contribute to worldwide morbidity and mortality ***,clinicians,pharmaceutical companies,and health organizations have dedicated substantial Intellectual and monetary resources to finding a cure,increasing immunization rates,and reducing the global burden of *** and international health-related organizations including the center for disease control,the national institute of health,the American Association for the study of liver disease(AASLD),The European association for the study of the Liver(EASL),The Asia Pacific association for the study of the Liver(APASL)and the world health organization release periodic recommendations for disease prevention and *** review of the most recent guidelines by EASL,AASLD,APASL,and Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver revealed that an overwhelming majority of cited studies were published before *** reviewed Hepatitis B-related literature published 2018 onwards to identify recent developments and current barriers that will likely direct future efforts towards eradicating hepatitis *** breakthrough in our understanding of the hepatitis B virus life cycle and resulting drug development is encouraging with significant room for further *** from high-risk populations,most vulnerable to the devastating effects of hepatitis B infection and reactivation remain *** of systems approach,optimization of experimental models,identification and validation of next-generation biomarkers,and precise modulation of the human immune response will be critical for future *** the foreseeable future,new treatments will likely complement conventional therapies rather than replace *** Importantly,pragmatic management of CHB related population health challenges must be prioritized to produce real-world results.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B prevention Hepatitis B treatment Hepatitis B vaccination Hepatitis B reactivation

Sustaining the community dispensation strategy of HIV antiretroviral through community participation

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 69-74页

作者： Bibiane Siaheu Kameni Jobert Richie Nansseu Sandra Ayuk Tatah Jean Joel Bigna HIV day care Unit Ngaoundere Regional Hospital and Adamawa Regional Technical Group for the fight against HIV/AIDSNgaoundereCameroon department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeCameroon department for the Control of Disease Epidemics and PandemicsMinistry of Public HealthYaoundeCameroon department of Pediatrics Douala Laquintinie HospitalDoualaCameroon department of Epidemiology and Public Health Centre Pasteur of CameroonRue Henry DunantP.O1274 YaoundeCameroon School of Public Health Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Paris Sud XILe Kremlin BicetreFrance

Background:The advent and widespread use of antiretroviral therapy(ART)has remarkably changed the paradigm of HIV infection,increasing substantially the lifespan and quality of life of people *** and responding to policy makers and international directives,many strategies were put in place in Cameroon to accelerate ART uptake,including the community dispensation of ART through community-based organizations(CBOs).Main body:In its strategic plan to curb the burden of HIV/AIDS and as part of accelerating and reinforcing the provision of ART to all people living with HIV(PLWH),Cameroon opted for different strategies including the dispensation of ART in the community through well identified and tutored ***,financing of ART in Cameroon is mainly the conjugation of resources from the Government and its technical and financial partners,basically the global Funds supplemented by supports from the Unitaid initiative which allows PLWH residing in Cameroon to benefit from continuous ART without spending a ***,this external funding will end-up by ***,there is urgent need to think of alternative and efficient strategies to sustain the fight against HIV/AIDS in Cameroon,especially the provision of ART to patients through community *** studies carried out in sub-Saharan African countries have shown that mutual health insurance seems to be a solution with great potential to improve access to quality care,mobilize the necessary funds,improve efficiency of the health sector,and promote dialogue and democratic governance in the health sector along with social and institutional development of the ***:The pooling of associations of PLWH in Cameroon and other countries of sub-Saharan Africa in line with the Bamako Initiative constitutes a promising strategy that would undoubtedly help to offset the withdrawal of funding from external sources,and allow an appropriation of the fight against HIV/AIDS by those concer

关键词： HIV/AIDS Community dispensation Sustainability Mutual Cameroon

The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Data Management System for the Arctic Sciences

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环境科学与工程：B 2016年第11期5卷 549-556页

作者： Umberto Apponi Vincenzo Romano Giorgiana De Franceschi Paola Del Carlo Ilaria Isola Patrizia Macri Giovanni Muscari Leonardo Sagnotti Luca Spogli Stefano Urbini Spacearth Technology S.r.l. Via di Vigna Murata 605 00143 Rome Italy lstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Environment Department Via di Vigna Murata 605 00148-Rome Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Volcanoes Department Via della Faggiola 32-56126 Pisa Italy

Association between Active School Travel and Depressive Symptoms among 51,702 Adolescents in 26 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

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international Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2021年第2期23卷 141-153页

作者： Shuan Liu Sitong Chen Xiaohong Zhu Brendon Stubbs Qian Yu Mark D.Griffiths Can Jiao Aiguo Chen Md Mahbub Hossain Zsolt Demetrovics Albert S.Yeung Jinming Li Xingyu Zhang Liye Zou Faculty of Educational Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China Institute for Health and Sport Victoria UniversityMelbourne8001Australia College of Sports Science Jishou UniversityJishou212013China department of Psychological Medicine Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonWC2R 2LSUK Exercise and Mental Health Laboratory Institute of KEEP Collaborative InnovationShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Psychology department Nottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamNG14FQUK School of Psychology Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China College of Physical Education Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences School of Public HealthTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA Institute of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapest1064Hungary Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming University of GibraltarEuropa PointGX111AAGibraltar Depression Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA

Little is known about the role of active school travel(AST)on mental health among ***,this study aimed to explore the AST-depression association among adolescents aged 12–15 years from 26 low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).Data from the global School-based Student Health Survey were analyzed in 51,702 adolescents[mean(SD)age 13.8(1.0)years;49.3%boys).Both depressive symptoms and AST were assessed by a single question self-reported measure,*** who reported having 5 days or above were considered as *** logistic regression analysis(accounting for sampling weights)was performed while controlling for gender,age,physical activity,sedentary behavior,and food insecurity,and a countrywide meta-analysis was *** prevalence of depressive symptoms and AST were 30.1%and 37.0%,*** with those not having AST,adolescents with AST were less likely to have self-reported depressive symptoms(OR=0.88,95%CI:0.85-0.93)regardless of *** meta-analysis demonstrated that having AST versus not having AST was associated with 12%lower odds for depressive symptoms(OR=0.88;95%CI:0.82-0.94)but with a moderate between-country heterogeneity(I^(2)=59.0%).Based on large samples of adolescents from LMICs,it would be expected that AST may play a critical role in preventing adolescent depression ***,it is necessary to consider more country-specific factors when implementing AST-related mental health *** studies should adopt the solid study design to confirm or negate our researchfindings.

关键词： Active travel depression global School-based Health Survey low-and middle-income countries

Towards a technocratic governance system?

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international Journal of Innovation studies 2019年第3期3卷 71-72页

作者： Myriam Ertz Joanie Arsenault department of Economics and Administrative Sciences Universite du Quebec a ChicoutimiChicoutimiQuebecG7H 2B1Canada Chaire de recherche en fiscalite et finances publiques Universite de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecJ1K 2R1Canada

The Blockchain technology:Towards utopia or dystopia?In his book,Campbell-Verduyn(2018)brings scholars of anthropology,economics,science,technology and sociology together with global political economic scholars to assess the actual implications posed by Bitcoin and blockchain for contemporary global *** interdisciplinary contributions provide better understandings of technological change in the evolving character of governance.

关键词： Blockchain Bitcoin Technology governance Change global