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Livelihood changes and evolution of upland ethnic communities driven by tourism:a case study in Guizhou Province,southwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第7期13卷 1313-1332页

作者： LI Ya-juan VV Hu CHEN Tian HU Jing CUI Hai-yang The College of Urban&Environmental Sciences Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Wuhan Branch of China Tourism academy Wuhan 430079China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources research University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China ASEAN(Association of Southeast Asian Nations)research Center Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

As an effective livelihood approach to alleviate poverty without rural population migration, ethnic tourism has become the primary choice of economic development in ethnic areas worldwide in addition to traditional livelihood approaches. This article applies the theories of livelihood to study the community evolution driven by tourism livelihood and examine three mountainous tourism communities in different stages of tourist area life cycle. Drawing on the methods of GIS spatial analysis, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, this article proposes a sustainable livelihood framework for ethnic tourism to explore the evolution of ethnic tourism communities by identifying changes in livelihood assets(natural, financial, social, cultural and human capitals) in the process of tourism development. The results show that the development of ethnic tourism has led to changes in the increase of building land, and the diversification of land use functions with a trend of shifting from meeting local villagers' living needs to satisfying tourists, income composition and uneven distribution of tourism income spatially. ethnic tourism also led to the deterioration of traditional social management structure, collapse of neighboring relationship, the over- commercialization and staged authenticity of ethnic culture, as well as the gradual vanish of agricultural knowledge with a trend of increasing modern business knowledge and higher education. In addition, these changes, involving livelihood assets from natural, economic, human, social and cultural aspects are interrelated and interactive, which form new evolution characters of ethnic community. This study reveals the conflicts over livelihood approaches which have formed new vulnerabilities to impact on sustainable evolution of ethnic communities. This research provides implications for achieving the sustainable development of ethnic communities with the driving force of tourism livelihood.

关键词： Community evolution Tourism livelihood Livelihood assets ethnic tourism Guizhou

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Spatiotemporally resolved metabolomics and isotope tracing reveal CNS drug targets

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第4期13卷 1699-1710页

作者： Bo Jin Xuechao Pang Qingce Zang Man Ga Jing Xu Zhigang Luo Ruiping Zhang Jiangong Shi Jiuming He Zeper Abliz State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug Beijing 100050China Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics(Minzu University of China) National Ethnic Affairs CommissionBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education School of PharmacyMinzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China

Deconvolution of potential drug targets of the central nervous system(CNS)is particularly challenging because of the complicated structure and function of the ***,a spatiotemporally resolved metabolomics and isotope tracing strategy was proposed and demonstrated to be powerful for deconvoluting and localizing potential targets of CNS drugs by using ambient mass spectrometry *** strategy can map various substances including exogenous drugs,isotopically labeled metabolites,and various types of endogenous metabolites in the brain tissue sections to illustrate their microregional distribution pattern in the brain and locate drug action-related metabolic nodes and *** strategy revealed that the sedative-hypnotic drug candidate YZG-331 was prominently distributed in the pineal gland and entered the thalamus and hypothalamus in relatively small amounts,and can increase glutamate decarboxylase activity to elevateγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)levels in the hypothalamus,agonize organic cation transporter 3 to release extracellular histamine into peripheral *** findings emphasize the promising capability of spatiotemporally resolved metabolomics and isotope tracing to help elucidate the multiple targets and the mechanisms of action of CNS drugs.

关键词： Ambient mass spectrometry imaging Spatiotemporally resolved metabolomics Isotope tracing Drug targets Central nervous system Drug candidate

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Ethnopharmacology,chemodiversity,and bioactivity of Cephalotaxus medicinal plants

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chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2021年第5期19卷 321-338页

作者： HAO Da-Cheng HOU Xu-Dong GU Xiao-Jie XIAO Pei-Gen GE Guang-Bo Biotechnology Institute School of Environment and Chemical EngineeringDalian Jiaotong UniversityDalian 116028China Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100193China

Cephalotaxus is the only genus of Cephalotaxaceae family,and its natural resources are declining due to habitat fragmentation,excessive exploitation and *** many areas of China,folk herbal doctors traditionally use Cephalotaxus plants to treat innominate swollen poison,many of which are *** only among Han people,but also among minority ethnic groups,Cephalotaxus is used to treat various diseases,e.g.,cough,internal bleeding and cancer in Miao medicine,bruises,rheumatism and pain in Yao medicine,and ascariasis,hookworm disease,scrofula in She medicine,*** values of some Cephalotaxus species and compounds are acknowledged ***,there is a lack of comprehensive review summarizing the ethnomedicinal knowledge o f Cephalotaxus,relevant medicinal phytometabolites and their *** research progresses in ethnopharmacology,chemodiversity,and bioactivities of Cephalotaxus medicinal plants are reviewed and commented *** gaps are pinpointed and future research directions are *** medicinal books,folk medicine books,herbal manuals and ethnomedicinal publications were reviewed for the genus Cephalotaxus(Sanjianshan in chinese).The relevant data about ethnobotany,phytochemistry,and pharmacology were collected as comprehensively as possible from online databases including Scopus,NCBI PubMed,Bing Scholar,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).44 Cephalotaxus"',and the respective species name were used as keywords in database *** obtained articles of the past six decades were collated and *** Cephalotaxus species are listed in the official medicinal book in *** are used as ethnomedicines by many ethnic groups such as Miao,Yao,Dong,She and *** are obtained from traditional applications,and Cephalotaxus phytometabolites are developed into anticancer ***-type alkaloids,homoerythrina-type alkaloids and homoharringtonine(HHT)are abundant in Cephalo

关键词： Cephalotaxus Ethnomedicine Chemodiversity Alkaloids Bioactivity Pharmacology

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Sociodemographic characteristics, cultural biases, and environmental attitudes: An empirical application of grid-group cultural theory in Northwestern China

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research in Cold and Arid Regions 2018年第5期10卷 436-446页

作者： FangLei Zhong AiJun Guo XiaoJuan Yin JinFeng Cui Xiao Yang YanQiong Zhang Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Economics Lanzhou University Institute For Public Policy Gansu Academy of Social Sciences School of Foreign languages Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics

Natural resource-management studies have become increasingly attentive to the influences of human factors. Among these,cultural biases shape people’s responses to changes in natural resource systems. Several studies have applied grid-group cultural theory to assess the effects of multiple value biases among stakeholders on natural resource management. We developed and administered a questionnaire in the Heihe River Basin(n = 364) in northwestern China to investigate the appropriateness of applying this theory in the chinese context of natural resource management. The results revealed various cultural biases among the respondents. In descending order of prevalence, these biases were hierarchism(46.98%), individualism(26.65%), egalitarianism(18.96%), and fatalism(2.78%), with the remaining respondents(4.67%) evidencing no obvious bias. Our empirical study revealed respondents’ worldviews and the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on cultural biases, as theoretically posited. Among the variables examined, age had a positive and significant effect across all biases except individualism. The correlation of income to all cultural biases was consistently negative. Only education had a negative and significant effect across all biases. Women were found to adhere to egalitarianism, whereas men adhered to individualism and hierarchism. Thus, grid-group cultural theory was found to be appropriate in the chinese context, with gender, age, education, and income evidently accounting for cultural biases. Relationships between environmental attitudes and cultural biases conformed with the hypothesis advanced by grid-group cultural theory. This finding may be of value in explaining individuals’ environmental attitudes and facilitating the development and implementation of natural resource-management policies.

关键词： sociodemographic characteristics environmental attitudes cultural biases grid-group cultural theory rural residents Northwestern China

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A Semiotic Path to Forging a Sense of Community for the chinese Nation

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Journal of the chinese Nation Studies 2023年第5期2卷 19-32页

作者： Surina Naran Bilik School of Foreign languages at Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot 010010 School of Ethnology and Anthropology at Inner Mongolia Normal University research Base for the Community of chinese Nation under the State ethnic Affairs Commission at Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot 010010

Since the 18th National Congress,forging a sense of community for the chinese nation has become the guiding principle of Minzu Work;and it serves the overall goal of building a modern socialist country with chinese characteristics and the great rejuvenation of the chinese *** order to forge a sense of community for the chinese nation,having top design and material basis is not enough,dynamic motivation and actual practice are also necessary to connect the two together *** activities,which integrate sensory perceptibility,indexicality and symbolic meaning may act as the binding agent and coagulant that stick together the"material form"and the""spirit"of the top design,so as to develop naturalized habituation and match our actions to our *** is embodied not only in the sophisticated and exceedingly esteemed theories and arts,but also in the rich spectrum of daily life of the general public;it involves the semiosis of triads:sensory perceptibility,indexicality,and symbolic *** the formation of habits is also *** forging a sense of community for the chinese nation happens on a cultural-ethical level,it has to be tangibly supported with the motivated will and physical sensations.

关键词： Forging a Sense of Community for the chinese Nation semiotics tangible and perceptible habits culture

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Tourism sectorization opportunity spectrum model and space partition of tourism urbanization area:a case of the Mayangxi ecotourism area,Fujian province,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第3期14卷 595-608页

作者： TAO Hui LIU Jia-ming DENG Yu DU Ao Institute of Geographic Sciences andNatural Resources research ChineseAcademy of ScienceBeijing 100101China Institute of economics and management Hubei University for NationalitiesEnShi 445000China University of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Nowadays, tourism has become an increasingly significant driving force of modern urbanization in China. However, it has caused varieties of problems, such as resource unreasonable utilization, society unfair play, and environment pollution, etc. Thus, the establishment of an efficient and sustainable space partition model for tourism urbanization, from the geographical perspective, is highly necessary and urgent. Herein, a new evaluation model of tourist town space, referred to as Tourism Sectorization Opportunity Spectrum(TSOS), is established on the relationships between productionliving-ecology spaces. TSOS is a kind of quantitative evaluation model involving such factors as urban living area, ecological conservation area and the tourism industry. Furthermore, the analysis of quantitative production-living-ecology spatial overlap has been utilized for space division in a tourism urbanization area. This paper, using both the TSOS model and GIS technology, analyzes the spatial restructure of the Mayangxi ecotourism area. Theresult demonstrates that tourism industrial space takes the Shanchong Village as a core which shows a pattern of local regional agglomeration and a fuzzy edge extending along the entire Mayangxi River. The urban living area should be consolidated in the Shili village with the supporting facilities and living space for tourism. In addition, Tianzhu Mountain forest park should be the key environmental protection area. The case study on the Mayangxi ecotourism area verifies that the TSOS model has strong operability. Therefore, TSOS model provides a scientific foundation for the space reconstruction of new urbanization area, and an effective tool for optimizing the space partition of a tourism urbanization area.

关键词： Tourism urbanization Sectorization Space reconstruction Tourism sectorization Opportunity spectrum Mayangxi ecotourism area

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Robust Graph Learning for Multi-view Clustering

Robust Graph Learning for Multi-view Clustering

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第40届中国控制会议

作者： Yixuan Huang Qingjiang Xiao Shiqiang Du College of Mathematics and Computer Science Northwest Minzu University Key Laboratory of Chinas ethnic languages and Information Technology of Ministry of Education Chinese National Information Technology Research Institute Northwest Minzu University

The multi-view algorithm based on graph learning pays attention to the manifold structure of data and shows the good performance in clustering task. However, multi-view data usually contains noise, which reduces the robustness of multi-view clustering algorithm. In order to solve this problem, we propose a novel multi-view clustering model,namely robust graph learning for multi-view clustering（RGLMC）. RGLMC eliminates noise and errors from the original data and employs the adaptive graph, which characterizes the relationship between clusters, as the new input of the algorithm. Our model can be optimized efficiently by utilizing the Augmented Lagrangian Multiplier with Alternating Direction Minimization（ALM-ADM） algorithm. Extensive experimental results on six benchmark datasets verify the superiority of the proposed method in clustering task.

关键词： Multi-view clustering manifold structure graph learning Markov chain

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现代荷马——格萨尔史诗说唱艺人(英文)

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China Tibetology 2011年第2期 78-97+2页

作者：降边嘉措 researcher Institute of ethnic Literature chinese academy of Social Sciences Head of Research Center of Gesar

According to the classification of bards of Gesar,there are two types of Gesar:I) the stories told by bards(Kha-sgrung in Tibetan,"Kha" means mouth and "sgrung" means story,specifically the stories of Gesar);2) rediscovered manuscripts(gTer-sgrung in Tibetan, "gter" with a meaning of "treasures",or "rediscovered Gesar",mainly refers to manuscripts). In addition,the third type called Chos-sgrung in Tibetan refers to the stories of Gesar containing Buddhist contents compiled by monks and *** type is not included in epic,but a kind of prayer scripts used to praise war spirits and defenders of Dharma.

关键词：诗人史诗近代故事西藏

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Round-optimal zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge for NP

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2012年第11期55卷 2473-2484页

作者： LI HongDa1,FENG DengGuo2,LI Bao1 & XUE HaiXia1 1State Key Lab of Information Security,Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 2State Key Lab of Information Security,Institute of software of chinese academy of Sciences,Beijing 100080,China 1. State Key Lab of Information Security Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China2. State Key Lab of Information Security Institute of software of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

It is well known that all the known black-box zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge for NP are *** there exit constant-round black-box zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge for all NP languages under certain standard assumptions is an open *** paper focuses on the problem and gives a positive answer by presenting two constructions of constant-round(black-box) zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge for the HC(hamiltonian cycle) *** the recent result of Katz,our second construction which relies on the existence of claw-free functions has optimal round complexity(5-round) assuming the polynomial hierarchy does not collapse.

关键词： zero-knowledge proofs proofs of knowledge black-box simulation constant-round

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research on Question and Answer System for Open Domain

Research on Question and Answer System for Open Domain

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作者： Fangtao Yang Fucheng Wan Ning Ma Tiantian Wu Key Laboratory of China's ethnic languages and Information Technology of Ministry of Education Northwest Minzu University Key Laboratory of China's ethnic languages and Intelligent Processing of Gansu Province North west Minzu University

With the rapid development of computer technology and the Internet,people expect to get accurate target information from massive information *** with the traditional search engine based on keywords,the question-and-answer system can better meet people’s retrieval *** an advanced form of information retrieval,q ＆ a system allows chinese natural language to be used as the query condition,and directly returns the results to users in the form of answers,which greatly improves users’ retrieval satisfaction and time cost,Question answering system generally consists of three parts:question analysis,information retrieval and answer extraction.

关键词： question answering question analysis information retrieval answer extraction

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