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Development of a radiomics model to discriminate ammonium urate stones from uric acid stones in vivo:A remedy for the diagnostic pitfall of dual-energy computed tomography

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第9期137卷 1095-1104页

作者： Junjiong Zheng Jie Zhang Jinhua Cai Yuhui Yao Sihong Lu Zhuo Wu Zhaoxi Cai Aierken Tuerxun Jesur Batur Jian Huang Jianqiu Kong Tianxin Lin Department of Urology Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong 510120China Department of Neurology Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510120China Department of Radiology Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510120China Department of Urology The First People’s Hospital of Kashgar PrefectureKashgarXinjiang 844000China

Background:Dual-energy computed tomography(DECT)is purported to accurately distinguish uric acid stones from non-uric acid ***,whether DECT can accurately discriminate ammonium urate stones from uric acid stones remains ***,we aimed to explore whether they can be accurately identified by DECT and to develop a radiomics model to assist in distinguishing ***:This research included two *** the first purpose to evaluate the accuracy of DECT in the diagnosis of uric acid stones,178 urolithiasis patients who underwent preoperative DECT between September 2016 and December 2019 were *** model construction,93,40,and 109 eligible urolithiasis patients treated between February 2013 and October 2022 were assigned to the training,internal validation,and external validation sets,*** features were extracted from non-contrast CT images,and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)algorithm was used to develop a radiomics ***,a radiomics model incorporating the radiomics signature and clinical predictors was *** performance of the model(discrimination,calibration,and clinical usefulness)was ***:When patients with ammonium urate stones were included in the analysis,the accuracy of DECT in the diagnosis of uric acid stones was significantly ***-two percent of ammonium urate stones were mistakenly diagnosed as uric acid stones by DECT.A radiomics model incorporating the radiomics signature,urine pH value,and urine white blood cell count was *** model achieved good calibration and discrimination{area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC;95%confidence interval[CI]),0.944(0.899-0.989)},which was internally and externally validated with AUCs of 0.895(95%CI,0.796-0.995)and 0.870(95%CI,0.769-0.972),*** curve analysis revealed the clinical usefulness of the ***:DECT cannot accurately differentiate amm

关键词： Ammonium urate Dual-energy scanned projection radiography Radiomics Uric acid Urolithiasis

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A Reliable Iteration Algorithm for One-Bit Compressive sensing on the Unit Sphere

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第3期40卷 801-822页

作者： Yan-cheng LU Ning BI An-hua WAN School of Mathematics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The one-bit compressed sensing problem is of fundamental importance in many areas,such as wireless communication,statistics,and so ***,the optimization of one-bit problem coustrained on the unit sphere lacks an algorithm with rigorous mathematical proof of convergence and *** this paper,an iteration algorithm is established based on difference-of-convex algorithm for the one-bit compressed sensing problem constrained on the unit sphere,with iterating formula■,where C is the convex cone generated by the one-bit measurements andη_(1)>η_(2)>1/*** new algorithm is proved to converge as long as the initial point is on the unit sphere and accords with the measurements,and the convergence to the global minimum point of the l_(1)norm is discussed.

关键词： one-bit compressed sensing difference of convex algorithm iteration algorithm ■1-minimization

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ILF3 safeguards telomeres from aberrant homologous recombination as a telomeric R-loop reader

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Protein & Cell 2024年第7期15卷 493-511页

作者： Chuanle Wang Yan Huang Yue Yang Ruofei Li Yingying Li Hongxin Qiu Jiali Wu Guang Shi Wenbin Ma Zhou Songyang MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy AgingSchool of LifesciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Oncology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

Telomeres are specialized structures at the ends of linear chromosomes that protect genome *** telomeric repeat-containing RNA(TERRA)that is transcribed from subtelomeric regions can invade into double-stranded DNA regions and form RNA:DNA hybrid-containing structure called *** tumor cells,R-loop formation is closely linked to gene expression and the alternative lengthening of telomeres(ALT)*** R-loops can cause stalled replication forks and telomere ***,how R-loops are recognized and regulated,particularly at telomeres,is not well *** discovered that ILF3 selectively associates with telomeric R-loops and safeguards telomeres from abnormal homologous *** out ILF3 results in excessive R-loops at telomeres and triggers telomeric DNA damage *** addition,ILF3 deficiency disrupts telomere homeostasis and causes abnormalities in the ALT *** the proximity-dependent biotin identification(BioID)technology,we mapped the ILF3 interactome and discovered that ILF3 could interact with several DNA/RNA helicases,including ***,ILF3 may aid in the resolution of telomeric R-loops through its interaction with *** findings suggest that ILF3 may function as a reader of telomeric R-loops,helping to prevent abnormal homologous recombination and maintain telomere homeostasis.

关键词： ILF3 RNA:DNA hybrids telomeric R-loops homologous recombination telomeric DNA damage responses

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Nanomedicine targeting ferroptosis to overcome anticancer therapeutic resistance

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 19-40页

作者： Jing Cai Xiaoding Xu Phei Er Saw Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA MedicineMedical Research CenterSun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityFoshan 528200China

A potential reason for the failure of tumor therapies is treatment *** to chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and immunotherapy continues to be a major obstacle in clinic,resulting in tumor recurrence and *** major mechanisms of therapy resistance are inhibitions of cell deaths,like apoptosis and necrosis,through drug inactivation and excretion,repair of DNA damage,tumor heterogeneity,or changes in tumor microenvironment,*** studies have shown that ferroptosis play a major role in therapies resistance by inducing phospholipid peroxidation and iron-dependent cell *** ferroptosis inducers in combination with clinical treatment techniques have been used to enhance the effect in tumor ***,versatile ferroptosis nanoinducers exhibit an extensive range of functions in reversing therapy resistance,including directly triggering ferroptosis and feedback ***,we provide a detailed description of the design,mechanism,and therapeutic application of ferroptosis-mediated synergistic tumor *** also discuss the prospect and challenge of nanomedicine in tumor therapy resistance by regulating ferroptosis and combination therapy.

关键词： ferroptosis cancer therapy therapy resistance nanoinducers

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Uncovering the magnetic response of open-shell graphene nanostructures on metallic surfaces at different doping levels

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 142-148页

作者： Zengfu Ou Jun Wang Jihai Zhang Yukang Ding Shenwei Chen Wenya Zhai Jingcheng Li Dingyong Zhong Donghui Guo School of Physics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Open-shell graphene nanostructures(GNs)are promising candidates for future spintronics and quantum *** progress based on on-surface synthetic approach has successfully created such GNs on metallic ***,the doping effect of metallic surfaces is inevitably present and can significantly tune their electronic and magnetic ***,we investigate the zigzag end states of open-shell 7-armchair graphene nanoribbons(7-AGNRs)on Au(111),Au(100)and Ag(111)*** with the manipulation of a scanning tunneling microscope,we demonstrate that the end states can be tuned from empty states to singly occupied states and to doubly occupied states by substrate ***,the singly occupied states can be finely tuned,with the occupancy number of the states and related magnetic behaviors uncovered by experiments at different temperatures and magnetic *** results provide a comprehensive study of the magnetic response of open-shell GNs on metallic surfaces at different doping levels.

关键词： open-shell graphene nanostructures magnetic response metallic substrate doping Kondo resonance scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy

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Current therapies for osteoarthritis and prospects of CRISPR-based genome,epigenome,and RNA editing in osteoarthritis treatment

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第2期51卷 159-183页

作者： Yuxi Chen Xiao Luo Rui Kang Kaixin Cui Jianping Ou Xiya Zhang Puping Liang MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China Center for Reproductive Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510630China

Osteoarthritis(OA)is one of the most common degenerative joint diseases worldwide,causing pain,disability,and decreased quality of *** balance between regeneration and inflammation-induced degradation results in multiple etiologies and complex pathogenesis of ***,there is a lack of effective therapeutic strategies for OA *** the development of CRISPR-based genome,epigenome,and RNA editing tools,OA treatment has been improved by targeting genetic risk factors,activating chondrogenic elements,and modulating inflammatory *** by cell therapy and in vivo delivery vectors,genome,epigenome,and RNA editing tools may provide a promising approach for personalized OA *** review summarizes CRISPR-based genome,epigenome,and RNA editing tools that can be applied to the treatment of OA and provides insights into the development of CRISPR-based therapeutics for OA ***,in-depth evaluations of the efficacy and safety of these tools in human OA treatment are needed.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Genome editing Epigenone editing RNA editing

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Boosting the cycling stability of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries through MOF-based polymeric protective layers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 511-518,I0011页

作者： Hongfei Bao Diancheng Chen Jiaqi Cao Pengfeng Jiang Kaili Li Runtao Liu Yuling Zhao Yichun Zheng Beiqi Liao Yaming Zhang Xia Lu Yang sun School of Materials Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107GuangdongChina

Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)play a pivotal role in advancing next-generation lithium metal battery ***,they commonly encounter substantial interfacial resistance and poor stability when interfacing with lithium metal,hindering practical ***,we introduce a flexible metal-organic framework(MOF:NUS-6)-incorporated polymeric layer,denoted as NP,designed to protect the sodium superionic conductor(NASICON)-type Li_(1.3)Al_(0.3)Ti_(1.7)(PO_(4))_(3)(LATP)electrolyte from Li metal *** NP matrix establishes a soft interface with the LATP surface,effectively reducing voids and gaps that may arise between the LATP electrolyte and Li ***,the MOF component in NP enhances ionic conductivity,offers abundant Li^(+)transport sites,and provides hierarchical ion channels,ensuring a homogeneous Li^(+)flow and thus effectively inhibiting Li dendrite *** NP,we fabricate Li symmetrical cells cycled for over 1600 h at 0.2 mA cm^(-2)and all-solid-state LiINP-LATPI LiFePO_(4)batteries,achieving a remarkable 99.3%capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.2 *** work outlines a general strategy for designing long-lasting and stable solid-state Li metal batteries.

关键词： All-solid-state Li metal battery MOF-based polymeric layer Li dendrite Interfacial contact LATP electrolyte stability

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Spatial covariant gravity with two degrees of freedom in the presence of an auxiliary scalar field:Perturbation analysis

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 198-212页

作者： Zhi-Chao Wang Xian Gao School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

We investigate a class of gravity theories respecting only spatial covariance,termed spatially covariant gravity,in the presence of an auxiliary scalar *** examine the conditions on the Lagrangian required to eliminate scalar degrees of freedom,allowing only two tensorial degrees of freedom to *** of strict constraint analysis,in this paper,we employ the perturbation method and focus on the necessary conditions to evade the scalar mode at the linear order in perturbations around a cosmological *** with a general action and solving the auxiliary perturbation variables in terms of a would-be dynamical scalar mode,we derive the condition to remove its kinetic term,thus ensuring that no scalar mode *** an application of the general condition,we study a polynomial-type Lagrangian as a concrete example,in which all monomials are spatially covariant scalars containing two *** find that the auxiliary scalar field is essential,and new terms in the Lagrangian are *** analysis provides insights into constructing gravity theories with two degrees of freedom in the extended framework of spatially covariant gravity.

关键词： modified gravity cosmological perturbation theory gravitational theory

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A Note on Gradient Estimates for Elliptic Equations with Discontinuous Coefficients

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第1期45卷 1-10页

作者： Yu PENG Xiandong sun Huichun ZHANG Department of Mathematics Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China.

The authors will use a method in metric geometry to show an L^(P)-estimate for gradient of the weak solutions to elliptic equations with discontinuous coefficients,even the BMO semi-norms of the coefficients are not *... 详细信息

关键词： L^(p)-Estimate Elliptic equation Discontinuous coefficients

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Surface growth approach for bulk reconstruction in the AdS/BCFT correspondence

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 222-231页

作者：方西浩陈方中孙佳睿 School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

In this study,we extend the surface growth approach for bulk reconstruction into the Ad S spacetime with a boundary in the Ad S/BCFT *** show that the geometry in the entanglement wedge with a boundary can be constructed from the direct growth of bulk extremal surfaces layer by ***,we observe that the surface growth configuration in BCFT can be connected with the defect multi scale entanglement renormalization ansatz(MERA)tensor ***,we investigate the entanglement of purification within the surface growth process,which not only reveals more refined structure of entanglement entropy in the entanglement wedge but also suggests a selection rule for surface growth in the bulk reconstruction.

关键词： AdS/CFT correspondence gauge/gravity duality models of quantum gravity

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