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Ten-year emission characteristics of atmospheric pollutants from incineration of sacrificial offerings in china

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第4期34卷 391-400页

作者： Yangyang Cui Gen Zhang Wei Wang Yan Shen Xiaoman Zhai Xuefang Wu Renfei Li Bobo Wu Yifeng Xue National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental ProtectionBeijing 100037China State key laboratory of severe weather&key laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Institute of Atmospheric CompositionChinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China key laboratory of Pollution Control of Ministry of Civil Affairs 101 Institute of Ministry of Civil AffairsBeijing 100070China Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048China

The incineration of sacrificial offerings is a significant widely practiced custom that is also a kind of neglected air pollution source in *** results showed that the emission factors of particulate matter,SO_(2),CO,NO_(x),and VOCs emitted from the incineration of sacrificial offerings with purification systems were reduced by 95%,19%,9%,82%,and 42%,respectively,compared with those without a purification system,revealing a significant effect of the flue gas purification system on reducing particulate matter and gaseous *** emission level of air pollutants from the incineration of sacrificial offerings remained stable before 2013 and then showed a remarkable decrease after the implementation of china′s Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan in *** emissions of TSP(total suspended particulate),PM_(10),PM_(2.5),and NO_(x)in 2009 were 8222,6106,5656 and 15,878 ton,respectively,obviously higher than 3434,2551,2305 and 8579 ton in *** trend was affected by both the quantity of incineration and the installation rate of purification systems after the Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Crematory(GB 13801-2015)issued in *** spatial distribution of atmospheric pollutants from incineration of sacrificial offerings was found with higher in the east and south of china than the west and north of china,which is proportional to the regional economy and *** maximum ground-level concentration typically occurred at 0.12-0.2 km from the pollution source,posing potential health risks to people entering and exiting funeral and burial sites and nearby residents.

关键词： Incineration of sacrificial offerings Atmospheric pollutants Purification system Emission inventory

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IFT52 plays an essential role in sensory cilia formation and neuronal sensory function in Drosophila

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 1081-1091页

作者： Ya-Nan Hou Ying-Ying Zhang Ya-Ru Wang Zhi-Mao Wu Yun-Xia Luan Qing Wei Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina shenzhen key laboratory of Metabolic Health ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina key laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Institute of BiotechnologyShanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina Guangzhou key laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research Institute of Insect Science and TechnologySchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina

Cilia are microtubule-based,hair-like organelles involved in sensory function or motility,playing critical roles in many physiological processes such as reproduction,or-gan development,and sensory *** insects,cilia are restricted to certain sensory neurons and sperms,being important for chemical and mechanical sensing,and *** great progress has been made regarding the mechanism of cilia assembly,the formation of insect cilia remains poorly understand,even in the insect model organism *** transport(IFT)is a cilia-specific complex that traffics protein cargos bidirectionally along the ciliary axoneme and is essential for most *** we investigated the role of IFT52,a core component of IFT-B,in cilia/flagellar formation in *** show that Drosophila IFT52 is distributed along the sensory neuronal cilia,and is essential for sensory cilia *** of Ift52 results in severe defects in cilia-related sensory *** should be noted that IFT52 is not detected in sper-matocyte cilia or sperm flagella of ***,ift52 mutants can produce sperms with normal motility,supporting a dispensable role of IFT in Drosophila sperm flagella ***,IFT52 is a conserved protein essential for sensory cilia formation and sensory neuronal function in insects.

关键词： Drosophila IFT52 sensory cilia sperm flagella

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A comparison of two kinds of eastward-moving mesoscale vortices during the mei-yu period of 2010

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Science china Earth Sciences 2013年第2期56卷 282-300页

作者： FU ShenMing YU Fei WANG DongHai XIA RuDi State key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

During the mei-yu period,the east edge of the Tibetan Plateau and the Dabie Mountain are two main sources of eastward-moving mesoscale vortices along the mei-yu front(MYF).In this study,an eastward-moving southwest vortex(SWV) and an eastward-moving Dabie vortex(DBV) during the mei-yu period of 2010 have been investigated to clarify the main similarities and differences between *** synoptic analyses reveal that the SWV and DBV were both located at the lower troposphere;however,the SWV developed in a "from top down" trend,whereas the DBV developed in an opposite *** were obvious surface closed low centers corresponding to the DBV during its life span,whereas for the SWV,the closed low center only appeared at the mature *** and warm air intersected intensely after the formation of both the vortices,and the cold advection in the SWV case was stronger than that in the DBV case,whereas the warm advection in the DBV case was more intense than that in the SWV *** Bay of Bengal and the south china Sea were main moisture sources for the SWV,whereas for the DBV,in addition to the above two moisture sources,the East china Sea was also an important moisture *** vorticity budget indicates that the convergence was the most important common factor conducive to the formation,development,and maintenance of the SWV and DBV,whereas the conversion from the vertical vorticity to the horizontal one(tilting) was the most important common factor caused the dissipation of both of the *** kinetic energy(KE) budget reveals that the KE generation by the rotational wind was the dominant factor for the enhancement of KE associated with the SWV,whereas for the DBV,the KE transport by the rotational wind was more important than the KE *** KE associated with the SWV and the DBV weakened with different mechanisms during the decaying ***,the characteristics of baroclinic and barotropic energy conversions during the life spans of both vor

关键词： southwest vortex mei-yu vorticity kinetic energy baroclinic energy conversion barotropic energy conversion

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south drying and north wetting over the Tibetan Plateau modulated by a zonal temperature dipole across timescales

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第2期14卷 276-285页

作者： Ru-Cong YU Jian LI Ming-Ming ZHANG Ni-Na LI Yin ZHAO State key laboratory of severe weather and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG66AHUK National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding highlands is a crucial process in the hydrological cycle and is very important for local and downstream ecology,and previous research mainly focused on a certain range of timescales.A better understanding of the variability across various timescales,which has been largely ignored,can provide new insight on the regional weather and ***,a north‒south dipole pattern of precipitation shaped by a zonal dipole of the upper-tropospheric temperature is revealed in this *** dipole patterns of the precipitation and the accompanied temperature exist from daily to interdecadal *** three-dimensional circulation anomalies connecting the temperature and precipitation dipoles are consistent across various *** frequencies of daily events with opposite phases of the temperature dipole modulate the interannual and interdecadal variability in *** south drying and north wetting pattern over the Tibetan Plateau is an interdecadal manifestation of the precipitation dipole and can be ascribed to the temperature trend favourable for the positive phase of the zonal temperature *** consistent dipole pattern constructs a more complete portrayal of precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau from synoptic scale to climatology.

关键词： Tibetan plateau Dipole of precipitation Daily scale Interannual scale Interdecadal scale

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Nocturnal-to-morning rains during the warm season in south china:characteristics and predictability

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2020年第6期13卷 527-533页

作者： ZHONG Shuixin YANG Shuai Guangdong Province key laboratory of Regional Numerical weather Prediction Institute of Tropical and Marine MeteorologyCMAGuangzhouChina laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The characteristics of nocturnal-to-morning rainfall(NMR)during the warm season in south china are examined using hourly surface observations from 2015–*** show that strong NMR is mainly located in coastal regions and mountainous *** mainly occurs during 0200–0800 *** distribution of NMR can be divided into two *** first pattern is a coastal type where NMR is mainly located at windward sites,such as southern coastal mountain areas in Guangdong(GD)and in Guangxi(GX).The second type is an inland type where NMR is mainly located at windward sites,such as the northern mountainous areas in GX and the Pearl River Delta regions in *** strong convergence between the northerly wind over the mountainous regions and southerly wind,as well as the strong downhill winds strengthened by the narrow pipe effect over the valleys in mountainous areas,together contribute to the high frequency of inland *** strong southeasterly onshore wind and the cyclonic circulations strengthened by the northeasterly wind over the northern mountainous areas contribute to the high frequency of coastal *** the GRAPES(Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System)model can capture the intensity and distribution of large-scale NMR,it exhibits low predictability of small-scale NMR,especially that in the warm sector.

关键词： south china warm season nocturnal-to-morning rainfall GRAPES

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Extreme precipitation events in East china and associated moisture transport pathways

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Science china Earth Sciences 2016年第9期59卷 1854-1872页

作者： ZHAO Yang XU XiangDe ZHAO TianLiang XU HongXiong MAO Fei SUN Han WANG YuHong State key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 China Institute of Ecological Environment and Agricultural Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Guangxi Institute of Meteorological Disaster Mitigation Nanning 530022 China

Interannual variation of summer precipitation in East china, and frequency of rainstorms during the monsoon season from 1961 to 2010, are analyzed in this study. It is found that the two variables show opposite trends on a decadal time scale: frequency of rainstorms increases significantly after the 1990 s, while summer precipitation in East china decreases during the same period. Analysis of the spatial distribution of summer rainstorm frequency from 1961 to 2010 indicates that it decreases from the southeast to the northwest at the east edge of the large-scale topography associated with the plateaus. Spatial distribution of rainstorms with daily rainfall greater than 50 mm is characterized by a "high in the southeast and low in the northwest" pattern, similar to the staircase distribution of the topography. However, the spatial distribution of variation in both summer precipitation and frequency of extreme rainstorms under global warming differs significantly from the three-step staircase topography. It is shown that moisture characteristics of summer precipitation and extreme rainstorms during the monsoon season in East china, including moisture transport pathways, moist flow pattern, and spatial structure of the merging area of moist flows, differ significantly. Areas of frequent rainstorms include the Yangtze River Valley and south china. Column-integrated moisture transport and its spatial structure could be summarized as a "merging" of three branches of intense moist flows from low and middle latitude oceans, and "convergence" of column-integrated moisture fluxes. The merging area for moist flow associated with rainstorms in the high frequency region is located slightly to the south of the monsoonal precipitation or non-rainstorm precipitation, with significantly strong moisture convergence. In addition, the summer moist flow pattern in East china has a great influence on the frequency of extreme rainstorms. Moisture flux vectors in the region of frequent rai

关键词： Frequency of rainstorms Moisture transport Synoptic circulation Extreme rainstorms Synchronized variations Vortex structure

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Mesoscale Observational Analysis of Lifting Mechanism of a Warm-Sector Convective System Producing the Maximal Daily Precipitation in china Mainland during Pre-Summer Rainy Season of 2015

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第5期30卷 719-736页

作者： WU Mengwen LUO Yali State key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science ＆Technology Nanjing 210044

A long-lived, quasi-stationary mesoscale convective system （MCS） producing extreme ramtall （maximum of 542 mm） over the eastern coastal area of Guangdong Province on 20 May 2015 is analyzed by using high-resolution surface observations, sounding data, and radar measurements. New convective ceils are continuously initiated along a mesoscale boundary at the surface, leading to formation and maintenance of the quasi-linear-shaped MCS from about 2000 BT 19 to 1200 BT 20 May. The boundary is originally formed between a cold dome generated by previous convection and southwesterly flow from the ocean carrying higher equivalent potential temperature （θe） air. The boundary is subsequently maintained and reinforced by the contrast between the MCS-generated cold outflow and the oceanic higher-θe air. The cold outflow is weak （wind speed ≤ 5 m s-1）, which is attributable to the characteristic environmental conditions, i.e., high humidity in the lower troposphere and weak horizontal winds in the middle and lower troposphere. The low speed of the cold outflow is comparable to that of the near surface southerly flow from the ocean, resulting in very slow southward movement of the boundary. The boundary features temperature contrasts of 2-3℃ and is roughly 500-m deep. Despite its shallowness, the boundary appears to exert a profound influence on continuous convection initiation because of the very low level of free convection and small convection inhibition of the near surface oceanic air, building several parallel rainbands （of about 50-kin length） that move slowly eastward along the MCS and produce about 80% of the total rainfall. Another MCS moves into the area from the northwest and merges with the local MCS at about 1200 BT. The cold outflow subsequently strengthens and the boundary moves more rapidly toward the southeast, leading to end of the event in 3 h.

关键词： pre-summer rainy season of south china coastal warm-sector heavy rainfall mesoscale con- vective system mesoscale boundary convection-generated cold outflow

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXTREME PRECIPITATION ANOMALY IN south OF china AND ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION IN THE southERN HEMISPHERE

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2010年第1期16卷 35-41页

作者：闵屾钱永甫 School of Atmospheric Sciences Institute of Severe Weather and ClimateNanjing University State key laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Based on the daily rainfall datasets of 743 stations in china and the NCEP/NCAR monthly reanalysis data during the period of 1960-2003,the relationship between the anomalous extreme precipitation(EP) in the south of china and atmospheric circulation in the southern Hemisphere is *** phenomenon of opposite changes in the sea level pressure and geopotential height anomalies over the Ross Sea and New Zealand is defined as RN,and the index which describes this phenomenon is expressed as *** results show that the RN has barotropic structure and the RNI in May is closely related to the June EP amount in the south of china(SCEP) and the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM).The positive correlations between the May RNI at each level and the June SCEP are significant,and the related simultaneous correlations between the RNI and the June SCEP are also positive,suggesting that the potential impact of RN on the SCEP persists from May to ***,RN in May can be taken as one of the predictive factors for the June ***,one possible physical mechanism by which the RN affects the June SCEP is a barotropic meridional teleconnection emanating from the southern Hemisphere to the western North Pacific.

关键词： south of china extreme precipitation anomaly Ross Sea-New Zealand

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Role of the warming trend in global land surface air temperature variations

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Science china Earth Sciences 2021年第6期64卷 866-871页

作者： Zhiyan ZUO Dong XIAO Qiong HE Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences/Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai200438China Skate key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210041China

Global warming and its climatic and environmental effects have mainly been investigated in terms of the absolute warming *** attention has been paid to the contribution of absolute warming rate to variability on various time scales of surface air temperature(SAT),which may be a more direct index for measuring the ecoclimatic effect of warming *** present study analyzed the role of secular warming trend in the variations of global land SAT for 1901–*** than one-third of annual SAT variations were contributed by the warming trend over large parts of the globe *** ratios were up to two-thirds over eastern south America,parts of south Africa and the regions around the southwestern Mediterranean and Sunda islands where the absolute warming rate was moderate but the endemic species were undergoing exceptional loss of *** ratios also exhibited smallest seasonal difference over these ***,the ratio of the warming trend to the SAT variations may be a better measure compared to the absolute warming rate for the local *** should also pay more attention to the regions with high ratio,not only the regions with the high absolute warming rate.

关键词： Surface air temperature Warming trend Variations Ratio

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The Longmen Cloud Physics Field Experiment Base, china Meteorological Administration

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2023年第1期29卷 1-15页

作者：刘显通阮征胡胜万齐林刘黎平罗亚丽胡志群黎慧琦肖辉雷卫延夏丰饶晓娜冯璐赖睿泽吴翀叶朗明郭泽勇张羽王瑶颜朝潮袁锦涵 Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Regional Numerical weather Prediction/Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640 China State key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081 China Huizhou Meteorological Bureau HuizhouGuangdong 516003 China Jiangmen Meteorological Bureau JiangmenGuangdong 529000 China Yangjiang Meteorological Bureau YangjiangGuangdong 529500 China Guangzhou Meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 511430 China

Aiming at the needs of mechanism analysis of rainstorms and development of numerical prediction models in south china, the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology of china Meteorological Administration and the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences jointly set up the Longmen Cloud Physics Field Experiment Base,china Meteorological Administration. This paper introduces the instruments and field experiments of this base, provides an overview of the recent advances in retrieval algorithms of microphysical parameters, improved understanding of microphysical characteristics, as well as the formation mechanisms and numerical prediction of heavy rainfalls in south china based on the field experiments dataset.

关键词： cloud physics heavy rainfall field experiment south china

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