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An INDEHISCENT-Controlled Auxin Response Specifies the Separation Layer in Early Arabidopsis Fruit

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Molecular Plant 2016年第6期9卷 857-869页

作者： Kasper van Gelderen Martin van Rongen An'an Liu Anne Otten Remko Offringa Molecular and DeveLopmental Genetics Institute of Biology Leiden Leiden University Sylviusweg 72 2333 BE Leiden the Netherlands These authors contributed equally to this article. present address: Plant EcophysJology Institute of Environmental Biology Utrecht University 3584 CH Utrecht the Netherlands present address: Sainsbury Laboratory 47 Sateman Street Cambridge CB2 1LR UK

Seed dispersal is an important moment in the life cycle of a plant species. In Arabidopsis thaliana, it is dependent on transcription factor INDEHISCENT （IND）-mediated specification of a separation layer in the dehiscence zone found in the margin between the valves （carpel walls） and the central replum of the developing fruit. It was proposed that IND specifies the separation layer by inducing a local auxin minimum at late stages of fruit development. Here we show that morphological differences between the ind mutant and wild-type fruit already arise at early stages of fruit development, coinciding with strong IND expression in the valve margin. We show that IND-reduced PIN-FORMED3 （PIN3） auxin efflux carrier abundance leads to an increased auxin response in the valve margin during early fruit develop- ment, and that the concomitant cell divisions that form the dehiscence zone are lacking in ind mutant fruit. Moreover, IND promoter-driven ectopic expression of the AGC kinases PINOID （PID） and WAG2 induced indehiscence by expelling auxin from the valve margin at stages 14-16 of fruit development through increased PIN3 abundance. Our results show that IND, besides its role at late stages of Arabi- dopsis fruit development, functions at early stages to facilitate the auxin-triggered cell divisions that form the dehiscence zone.

关键词： seed dispersal polar auxin transport PINOID INDEHISCENT separation layer Arabidopsis

The transcription factor MYB40 is a central regulator in arsenic resistance in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2021年第6期2卷 44-55页

作者： Yun Chen Hong-Yang Wang Yi-Fang Chen College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina present address:Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Arsenic is a metalloid that is toxic to ***(As(V)),the prevalent chemical form of arsenic,is a phosphate(Pi)analog and is incorporated into plant cells via Pi ***,we found that the MYB40 transcription factor played important roles in the control of Arabidopsis As(V)*** expression of MYB40 was induced by As(V)***40-overexpressing lines had an obvious As(V)-resistant phenotype and a reduced As(V)/Pi uptake rate,whereas myb40 mutants were sensitive to As(V)*** exposure to As(V),MYB40 directly repressed the expression of PHT1;1,which encodes a main Pi *** As(V)-resistant phenotypes of MYB40-overexpressing lines were impaired by overexpression of PHT1;1,demonstrating an epistatic genetic relationship between MYB40 and PHT1;***,overexpression of MYB40 enhanced,and disruption of MYB40 reduced,thiol-peptide *** exposure to As(V),MYB40 positively regulated the expression of PCS1,which encodes a phytochelatin synthase,and ABCC1 and ABCC2,which encode the major vacuolar phytochelatin ***,our data demonstrate that AtMYB40 acts as a central regulator of As(V)responses,providing a genetic strategy for enhancing plant As(V)tolerance and reducing As(V)uptake to improve food safety.

关键词： AtMYB40 arsenate uptake detoxification transcription

Meromorphic Functions Sharing One Value with Their Derivatives Concerning the Difference Operator

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2017年第4期5卷 407-427页

作者： Sujoy Majumder Department of Mathematics Katwa CollegeBurdwan 713130India present address:Department of Mathematics Raiganj UniversityRaiganjWest Bengal 733134India

Let f(z)beanon-constantmeromorphicfunctionoffiniteorder,c∈C\{0}andk∈*** f(z)and f(k)(z+c)share1CM(IM),f(z)and f(z+c)share∞*** N(r,0;f)=S(r,f)(N(r,0;f(z))+N(r,0;f(k)(z+c))=S(r,f)),then either f(z)≡f(k)(z+c)or f(z)is a solution of the following equation:f((z+c)−1=a(z)(f(z)−1))f(z)+1 a(z)),and N(r,0;f(z)+1 a(z))=S(r,f)(f′(z+c)−1=a(z)(f(z)−1)(f(z)+1 a(z)))where a(z)(≡−1,0,∞)(a(z)(≡0,∞))is a meromorphic function satisfying T(r,a)=S(r,f).Also we exhibit some examples to show that the conditions of our results are the best possible.

关键词： Uniqueness Meromorphic function·Shift operator Difference polynomial Sharing values

Demonstration of tantalum as a structural material for MEMS thermal actuators

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第1期7卷 85-97页

作者： Longchang Ni Ryan M.Pocratsky Maarten P.de Boer CMU Mechanical Engineering Dept. 5000 Forbes Ave.PittsburghPA 15213USA present address:Fischione Instruments 9003 Corporate CirExportPA 15632USA

This work demonstrates the processing,modeling,and characterization of nanocrystalline refractory metal tantalum(Ta)as a new structural material for microelectromechanical system(MEMS)thermal actuators(TAs).Nanocrystalline Ta films have a coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)and Young’s modulus comparable to bulk Ta but an approximately ten times greater yield *** mechanical properties and grain size remain stable after annealing at temperatures as high as 1000°*** has a high melting temperature(Tm=3017℃)and a low resistivity(ρ=20µΩcm).Compared to TAs made from the dominant MEMS material,polycrystalline silicon(polysilicon,Tm=1414℃,ρ=2000µΩcm),Ta TAs theoretically require less than half the power input for the same force and displacement,and their temperature change is half that of *** TAs operate at a voltage 16 times lower than that of other TAs,making them compatible with complementary metal oxide semiconductors(CMOS).We selectα-phase Ta and etch 2.5-μm-thick sputterdeposited films with a 1μm width while maintaining a vertical sidewall profile to ensure in-plane movement of TA *** is 25 times thicker than the thickest reactive-ion-etchedα-Ta reported in the technical *** stress sensitivities to sputter parameters and to hydrogen incorporation are investigated and ***,a V-shaped TA is fabricated and tested in *** conventional actuation by Joule heating and passive self-actuation are as predicted by models.

关键词： thermal structural thick

Fracture gradient prediction:an overview and an improved method

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Petroleum Science 2017年第4期14卷 720-730页

作者： Jincai Zhang Shang-Xian Yin Geomech Energy HoustonTXUSA North China Institute of Science and Technology YanjiaoBeijing 101601China present address:Sinopec Tech HoustonTXUSA

The fracture gradient is a critical parameter for drilling mud weight design in the energy industry. A new method in fracture gradient prediction is proposed based on analyzing worldwide leak-off test(LOT) data in offshore drilling. Current fracture gradient prediction methods are also reviewed and compared to the proposed method. We analyze more than 200 LOT data in several offshore petroleum basins and find that the fracture gradient depends not only on the overburden stress and pore pressure, but also on the depth. The data indicate that the effective stress coefficient is higher at a shallower depth than that at a deeper depth in the shale formations. Based on this finding,a depth-dependent effective stress coefficient is proposed and applied for fracture gradient prediction. In some petroleum basins, many wells need to be drilled through long sections of salt formations to reach hydrocarbon *** fracture gradient in salt formations is very different from that in other sedimentary rocks. Leak-off test data in the salt formations are investigated, and a fracture gradient prediction method is proposed. Case applications are examined to compare different fracture gradient methods and validate the proposed methods. The reasons why the LOT value is higher than its overburden gradient are also explained.

关键词： Fracture gradient prediction Leak-off test Breakdown pressure Mud loss Fracture gradient in salt

Inhibition of tumor suppressor p73 by nerve growth factor receptor via chaperone-mediated autophagy

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第9期12卷 700-712页

作者： Daniel Nguyen Kun Yang Lucia Chiao Yun Deng Xiang Zhou Zhen Zhang Shelya X.Zeng Hua Lu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane Cancer CenterTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Radiation Oncology Shanghai Cancer CenterDepartment of OncologyShanghai Medical SchoolFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China present address:Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA present address:Department of Radiation Oncology Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China present address:Institute of Biomedical Sciences Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

The tumor suppressr p73 is a homolog of p53 and is capable of inducing cell cycle arrest and ***,we identify nerve growth factor receptor(NGFR,p75NTR,or CD271)as a novel negative p73 regulator.p73 activates NGFR transcription,which,in turn,promotes p73 degradation in a negative feedback *** directly binds to p73 central DNA-binding domain and suppresses p73 transcriptional activity as well as p73-mediated apoptosis in cancer ***,we uncover a previously unknown mechanism of NGFR-facilitated p73 degradation through the chaperone-mediated autophagy(CMA)***,our studies demonstrate a new oncogenic function for NGFR in inactivating p73 activity by promoting its degradation through the CMA.

关键词： p73 NGFR chaperone-mediated autophagy Lamp2a HSPA8

Fertilizer and soil conditioner value of broiler manure biochars

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Biochar 2019年第3期1卷 259-270页

作者： Riikka Keskinen Jari Hyvaluoma Lauri Sohlo Hanna Help Kimmo Rasa Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) Tietotie 431600 JokioinenFinland present address:Hame University of Applied Sciences Mustialantie 10531310 MustialaFinland present address:Pellon Group Oy Yrittajantie 1062375 YliharmaFinland Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Helsinki00014 HelsinkiFinland

Pyrolysis is an option for enhancing the sustainable management of broiler manure surpluses by producing a concentrated,hygienic char product with a fertilizer and soil conditioner *** this study,the impacts of pyrolysis conducted at 350,400 and 450℃ on total nutrient and harmful element concentrations in biochars derived from peat-bedded broiler manure were *** was placed on the availability of phosphorus(P).In addition,the pore structures of these biochars were explored using X-ray microtomography and image *** pyrolysis,35-50%,40-55%and 35-45%of the original carbon,nitrogen and sulfur contents,respectively,of the feedstock biomass were lost as *** elements,including P,were concentrated in the *** water-extractable P was found to be converted to less labile forms due to charring,the concentration effect and notable increase in sodium bicarbonate-extractable P rendered broiler manure biochars richer in total labile P in comparison with feedstock manure(7.1,10.0,11.1 and 14.8 g labile P kg^(−1)in feedstock and biochars produced at 350,400 and 450℃,respectively).The pore volume of the micrometer-scale porosity of the broiler manure biochar was comparable to that found earlier in wood-based *** comparison with wood-based biochars,the pore structure of broiler manure biochars was more versatile,and the pore size distribution was ***,part of the porosity was too large to store plant-available water,which may reduce the potential of broiler manure biochars to improve soil water storage capacity.

关键词： Poultry manure Pyrolysis Soil amendment Pore structure Phosphorus availability

HOFER-ZEHNDER CAPACITY AND ITS APPLICATION IN M×R^(2n)

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Science China Mathematics 1992年第8期35卷 931-943页

作者：马仁义 Nankai Institute of Mathematics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 PRC) Present address: Department of Applied Mathematics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 PRC.

In this paper, we study the Hofer-Zehnder capacity and the Weinstein conjecture in symplectic manifold (M×R^(2n), ω(?)σ). Let us define l_1(M, ω)=inf{|>0, α∈π_2(M)}. Suppose l_1(M, ω)>O, Opresent. For n>1, consider on Cp^(n-1) the standard symplectic form co such that ω[u]=n for a generator u of H_2(CP^(n-1). Suppose O<πr^2<2/1 n. ThenC_(HZ)(M×B(r))=C_(HZ)(M×Z(r))=πr^2.As an application, we claim that the Weinstein conjecture in M×Z(r) is proved correct.

关键词： symplectic capacity periodic solution pseudo-holomorphic curves Weinstein conjecture.

The Arabidopsis Homolog of the Mammalian OS-9 Protein Plays a Key Role in the Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation of Misfolded Receptor-Like Kinases

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 929-940页

作者： Wei Su Yidan Liu Yang Xia Zhi Honga Jianming Li Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology University of Michigan 830 N University Ann Arbor MI 48109-1048 USA present address: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China present address: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

The endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation （ERAD） is a highly conserved mechanism to remove mis- folded membrane/secretory proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum （ER）. While many of the individual components of the ERAD machinery are well characterized in yeast and mammals, our knowledge of a plant ERAD process is rather limited. Here, we report a functional study of an Arabidopsis homolog （AtOS9） of an ER luminal lectin Yos9 （OS-9 in mammals） that recognizes a unique asparagine-linked glycan on misfolded proteins. We discovered that AtOS9 is an ER-Iocalized glyco- protein that is co-expressed with many known/predicted ER chaperones. AT-DNA insertional atos9-t mutation blocks the degradation of a structurally imperfect yet biochemically competent brassinosteroid （BR） receptor bril-9, causing its increased accumulation in the ER and its consequent leakage to the cell surface responsible for restoring the BR sensitivity and suppressing the dwarfism of the bril-9 mutant. In addition, we identified a missense mutation in AtOS9 in a recently discovered ERAD mutant ems-rnutagenized bril suppressor 6 （ebs6-1）. Moreover, we showed that atos9-t also inhibits the ERAD of bril-5, another ER-retained BR receptor, and a misfolded EFR, a BRIl-like receptor for the bacterial translation elongation factor EF-Tu. Furthermore, we found that AtOS9 interacted biochemically and genetically with EBS5, an Arabidopsis homolog of the yeast Hrd3/mammalian SellL known to collaborate with Yos9/OS-9 to select ERAD clients. Taken together, our results demonstrated a functional role of AtOS9 in a plant ERAD process that degrades misfolded receptor-like kinases.

关键词： brassinosteroid receptor ER quality control EMS-mutagenized bril-9 suppressor, lectin N-glycan MRHdomain.