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INF-γ and IL-2 Profile as Therapeutic Markers in Tuberculosis Patients at the Jamot Hospital of Yaounde-Cameroon

Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 119-128页

作者： Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi Jacky Njiki-Bikoï Esther Del-Florence Moni Ndedi Donatien Serge Mbaga Elsa Nguiffo Makue André Chris Mikangue Mbongue Koko-Ta Ladiff Sharonne Martha Mesembe Justin Olivier Essindi Aïcha Ngoutane Arnaud Franck Elang Sabine Aimée Touangnou-Chamda George Ikomey Mondinde Eric Walter Perfura-Yone Marie Joseph Nkodo Mindimi Sara Honorine Riwom Essama Department of Microbiology The University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Yaound Cameroon The Institute for Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaound Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon The pneumology Department Jamot Hospital of Yaound Yaound Cameroon

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top lethal infectious diseases worldwide. In recent years, interferon-γ (INF-γ) release assays (IGRAs) have been established as routine tests for diagnosing TB infection. However, produced INF-γ assessment cannot permit to distinguish active ATB from latent TB infection (LTBI), especially in TB epidemic areas. In addition to IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted by activated T cells, is involved in immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This could be involved in the follow up of treatment response. The aim of our study was to determine IFN-γ and IL2 cytokines profiles of patients under antituberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: A six months’ cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, from May to August 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as 5 mL of blood were collected from each participant. INF-γ and IL-2 were determined using indirect Enzyme linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and spectrum exam in combination with radiography and GeneXpert were used as standard. P-values Results: The results showed that men were more infected 14/61 (31.8%) with a high presence in active and resistant TB groups. The mean age was 41.3 ± 13.1 years with a 95% CI = [38.2 - 44.7], the age group with the highest infection rate was ranged between 31 and 40 years. The IL-2 and INF-γ means were respectively 327.6 ± 160.6 pg/mL and 26.6 ± 13.0 pg/mL in ATB patients, 251.1 ± 30.9 pg/mL and 21.4 ± 9.2 pg/mL in patients with resistant tuberculosis, while it was 149.3 ± 93.3 pg/mL and 17.9 ± 9.4 pg/mL in cured patients, 15.1 ± 8.4 pg/mL and 5.3 ± 2.6 pg/mL in participants presumed healthy (p γ and IL-2rates were observed between the different groups. Conclusion: Monitoring the serum levels of INF-γ and IL-2 would be useful for the follow-up of anti-tuberculosis patients, particularly in the both cytokines association case.

关键词： Tuberculosis Antituberculosis Treatment INF-γ IL-2 ELISA

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Fetal lung growth predicts the risk for early-life respiratory infections and childhood asthma

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 481-495页

作者： Dimitra E.Zazara Olympia Giannou Steven Schepanski Mirja Pagenkemper Anastasios D.Giannou Maike Pincus Ioannis Belios Stefan Bonn Ania C.Muntau Kurt Hecher Anke Diemert Petra Clara Arck Division for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Fetal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE)Martinistraße 5220251HamburgGermany University Children’s Hospital UKEHamburgGermany Computer Engineering and Informatics Department Polytechnic SchoolUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg(ZMNH)UKEHamburgGermany Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine UKEHamburgGermany Department of General Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryUKEHamburgGermany Section of Molecular Immunology and Gastroenterology Ⅰ.Department of MedicineUKEHamburgGermany Pediatrics and Pediatric pneumology Practice BerlinGermany Institute of Medical Systems Biology ZMNHUKEHamburgGermany Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology UKEHamburgGermany

Background Early-life respiratory infections and asthma are major health burdens during *** predicting an increased risk for early-life respiratory diseases are ***,we identified the predictive value of ultrasound-monitored fetal lung growth for the risk of early-life respiratory infections and *** Fetal lung size was serially assessed at standardized time points by transabdominal ultrasound in pregnant women participating in a pregnancy *** between fetal lung growth and respiratory infections in infancy or early-onset asthma at five years were ***-learning models relying on extreme gradient boosting regressor or classifier algorithms were developed to predict respiratory infection or asthma risk based on fetal lung *** model development and validation,study participants were randomly divided into a training and a testing group,respectively,by the employed *** Enhanced fetal lung growth throughout pregnancy predicted a lower early-life respiratory infection *** sex was associated with a higher risk for respiratory infections in *** lung growth could also predict the risk of asthma at five years of *** designed three machine-learning models to predict the risk and number of infections in infancy as well as the risk of early-onset *** models’R2 values were 0.92,0.90 and 0.93,respectively,underscoring a high accuracy and agreement between the actual and predicted *** variables included known risk factors and novel predictors,such as ultrasound-monitored fetal lung *** Sonographic monitoring of fetal lung growth allows to predict the risk for early-life respiratory infections and asthma.

关键词： Asthma Child risk Early-life respiratory infections Prenatal lung development Sexual dimorphism

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Good and bad outcomes of respiratory viral infections—influenza A virus trains sustained antitumor immunity of macrophages in the lung

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第8期20卷 861-863页

作者： Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski Sarah Frentzel Dunja Bruder Experimental pneumology Department of PneumologyUniversity Hospital Magdeburg/Medical FacultyHealth Campus ImmunologyInfectiology and InflammationOtto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene Infection Immunology GroupHealth Campus ImmunologyInfectiology and InflammationOtto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Immune Regulation group Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany

In their recent article in Nature Immunology, Wang et al. showed that influenza A virus (IAV) infection trained alveolar macrophages (AMs) for sustained antitumor immunity in the lung [1], extending the concept of trained immunity and pointing out benefits of viral respiratory infection in the context of pulmonary antitumor immune surveillance.

关键词： immunity sustained respiratory

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Medically unexplained dyspnea:psychophysiological characteristics and role of breathing therapy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第1期117卷 6-13页

作者：韩江娜朱元珏李舜伟雒冬梅胡征 Van Diest I De Peuter S Van de Woestijne KP Van den Bergh O Laboratory of Respiratory Psychophysiology Department of PneumologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Psychology University of Leuven Department of pneumology UZ Gasthuisberg

Background Medically unexplained dyspnea occurs commonly in medical settings and remains poorly understood. This study was conducted to investigate the psychophysiological characteristics of medically unexplained dyspnea and the efficacy of breathing retraining for these patients. Methods A group of patients with medically unexplained dyspnea were compared to patients with a variety of organic lung diseases and healthy subjects. In another group of patients,the influence of breathing therapy on complaints,anxiety, and breath-holding was evaluated for an average of 1.5 years. Results Patients with medically unexplained dyspnea reported more intense dyspnea than patients with a variety of organic lung diseases. Additionally,they were anxious and presented a broad range of symptoms in daily life and under challenge,for instance voluntary hyperventilation. More than one third of them qualified for panic disorder. They had shorter breath-holding time at rest,less increase in breath-holding time and higher chances of showing a “paradoxical” decrease of breath-holding time after hyperventilation. A combination of PaO2,forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV_1),and anxiety measures distinguished them from organic dyspnea. Breathing retraining profoundly improved their symptoms and decreased the level of state and trait anxiety. Moreover,they better tolerated the voluntary hyperventilation and the symptoms induced were also markedly decreased after therapy. Breath-holding time was prolonged and PetCO2 in a representative group of patients increased. Conclusions Patients with medically unexplained dyspnea appear to have the feature of a “psychosomatic” patient: an anxious patient with a wide variety of symptoms of different organ systems that do not have an organic basis. They can be distinguished from organic dyspnea using a small set of physiological and psychological measures. Breathing retraining turns out to be an effective therapy for those “difficult to

关键词： dyspnea·somatization·anxiety·hyperventilation·breathing therapy

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Chronic intermittent hypoxia from pedo-stage decreases glucose transporter 4 expression in adipose tissue and causes insulin resistance

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第4期123卷 463-470页

作者： CHEN Lin CAO Zhao-long HAN Fang GAO Zhan-cheng HE Quan-ying Department of pneumology Peking University People's Hospital Beijing 100044 China

Background The persistence of sleep disordered breathing （SDB） symptoms after tonsil and/or adenoid （T＆A） surgery are common in children with obstructive sleep apnea （OSA）. We tested the hypothesis that disturbances of glucose transporters （GLUTs） in intraabdominal adipose tissue caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia （CIH） from the pedo-period could facilitate the appearance of periphery insulin resistance in Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats. We tested the hypothesis that the changes of GLUTs in adipose tissue may be one of the reasons for persistent SDB among clinical OSA children after T＆A surgery. Methods Thirty 21-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into a CIH group, a chronic continuous hypoxia （CCH） group and a normal oxygen group （control group） and exposed for 40 days. The changes of weight, fasting blood glucose and fasting blood insulin levels were measured. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp techniques were used to measure insulin resistance in each animal. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to measure GLUT mRNA and proteins in intraabdominal adipose tissue. Additional intraabdomial white adipose tissue （WAT） was also processed into paraffin sections and directly observed for GLUTs1-4 expression. Results When compared with control group, CIH increased blood fasting insulin levels, （245.07±53.89） pg/ml vs. （168.63±38.70） pg/ml, P=-0.038, and decreased the mean glucose infusion rate （GIR）, （7.25±1.29） mg·kg^-1·min^-1 vs. （13.34±1.54） mg·kg^-1·min^-1, P 〈0.001. GLUT-4 mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced after CIH compared with CCH or normal oxygen rats, 0.002±0.002 vs. 0.039±0.009, P 〈0.001; 0.642±0.073 vs. 1.000±0.103, P=0.035. Conclusions CIH in young rats could induce insulin resistance via adverse effects on glycometabolism. These findings emphasize the importance of early detection and treatment of insulin insensitivity in obese childhood OSA.

关键词： sleep apnea syndrome insulin resistance glucose transporters hypoxia childhood

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Chronic intermittent hypoxia aggravates cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rat ovariectomized model

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第17期125卷 3087-3092页

作者： GAO Ying-hui CHEN Lin MA Yan-liang HE Quan-ying Department of pneumology Peking University People's HospitalBeijing 100044China

Background The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） increases after menopause in women, but remains under diagnosed because of social or lifestyle factors. It is important to evaluate the hazards of OSA on cardiovascular disease in menopausal women. We tested the hypothesis that chronic intermittent hypoxia （CIH） may aggravate cardiomyocyte apoptosis in ovariectomized （OVX） Sprague Dawley （SD） rats; the changes of anti-oxidation ability in cardiac muscles may be one of the reasons for cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Methods Forty-eight 60-day old female SD rats were randomly divided into a CIH group, OVX group, OVX±CIH （OC） group, and handled control （HC） group, and the rats were exposed either to CIH （nadir 02 6%） or handled normoxic controls. The changes of body weight and whole heart weight were measured. Super oxide dismutase （SOD） and malonaldehyde （MDA） were used to evaluate the level of oxidative stress. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） was used to measure apoptosis in each rat. Western blotting was used to measure apoptosis associated proteins in cardiac muscle samples from each rat. Results When compared with the HC and CIH groups, the levels of oxidative stress in the OC and OVX groups were significantly higher. The levels of SOD in the HC, CIH, OC, and OVX groups were （47.99±4.89）, （53.60±4.47）, （20.99±2.72）, and （30.64±3.79） mmol/mg protein; significantly increased in the CIH group （P 〈0.05） and significantly decreased in the OC （P 〈0.01） and OVX （P 〈0.05） groups. The levels of MDA in the HC, CIH, OVX, and OC groups were （1.63±0.20）, （1.93±0.77）, （3.30±0.39）, and （1.95_±0.20） mmol/mg protein; it significantly increased in the CIH （P 〈0.05）, OC （P 〈0.01）, and OVX （P 〈0.05） groups compared with the HC group. Bax protein expression was significantly increased and bcl-2 protein expression was significantly reduced after CIH compared with HC rats （P 〈0.05）. The protein expression of bax and bcl-2 in the OC group was not significantly different from

关键词： sleep apnea obstructive chronic intermittent hypoxia apoptosis myocardium ovariectomy

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New insight into genes in association with asthma： literature-based mining and network centrality analysis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第13期126卷 2472-2479页

作者： LIANG Rui WANG Lei WANG Gang pneumology group Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Regenerative Medicine Research Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

Background Asthma is a heterogeneous disease for which a strong genetic basis has been firmly established. Until now no studies have been undertaken to systemically explore the network of asthma-related genes using an internally developed literature-based discovery approach. This study was to explore asthma-related genes by using literature- based mining and network centrality analysis. Methods Literature involving asthma-related genes were searched in PubMed from 2001 to 2011. Integration of natural language processing with network centrality analysis was used to identify asthma susceptibility genes and their interaction network. Asthma susceptibility genes were classified into three functional groups by gene ontology （GO） analysis and the key genes were confirmed by establishing asthma-related networks and pathways. Results Three hundred and twenty-six genes related with asthma such as IGHE （IgE）, interleukin （IL）-4, 5, 6, 10, 13, 17A, and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-alpha were identified. GO analysis indicated some biological processes （developmental processes, signal transduction, death, etc.）, cellular components （non-structural extracellular, plasma membrane and extracellular matrix）, and molecular functions （signal transduction activity） that were involved in asthma. Furthermore, 22 asthma-related pathways such as the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, hematopoietic cell lineage, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and 17 hub genes, such as JAK3, CCR1-3, CCR5-7, CCR8, were found. Conclusions Our study provides a remarkably detailed and comprehensive picture of asthma susceptibility genes and their interacting network. Further identification of these genes and molecular pathways may play a prominent role in establishing rational therapeutic approaches for asthma.

关键词： asthma," susceptible genes," natural language processing analysis network centrality analysis

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Intervention effect and dose-dependent response of Tanreqing injection on airway inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced rats

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2013年第4期33卷 505-512页

作者： Shoujin Dong Yunqing Zhong Kun Yang Xiaoling Xiong Bing Mao pneumology group Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine West China Hospital West China School of Medicine Sichuan University Department of Respiratory Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University Department of Geratology Chengdu University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine Department of Geratology Sichuan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of Tanreqing injection on airway inflammation in rats. METHODS: A rat model of airway inflammation was generated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Tanreqing injection was given by intratracheal instillation, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from the right lung was collected. BALF total cell and neutrophil counts were then determined. In addition, BALF levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent *** middle lobe of the right lung was stained with hematoxylin-eosin and histological changes examined. RESULTS: LPS increased airway inflammation, decreased BALF inflammatory cell count, inflammatory cytokine levels, and suppressed leukocyte influx of the lung. The LPS-induced airway inflammation peaked at 24 h, decreased beginning at 48 h, and had decreased markedly by 96 h. CONCLUSION: Tanreqing injection contains anti-inflammatory properties, and inhibits airway inflammation in a dose-dependent manner.

关键词：大鼠模型注射液依赖性脂多糖炎症气道支气管肺泡灌洗液诱导

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Current asthma control predicts future risk of asthma exacerbation： a 12-month prospective cohort study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第17期125卷 2986-2993页

作者： WEI Hua-hua ZHOU Ting WANG Lan ZHANG Hong-ping FU Juan-juan WANG Lei JI Yu-lin WANG Gang Department of Respiratory and Critical Care West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China pneumology group Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine John Hunter Hospital Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle University NSW 2305 Australia

Background The performance of asthma control test （ACT） at baseline for predicting future risk of asthma exacerbation has not been previously demonstrated. This study was designed to explore the ability of the baseline ACT score to predict future risk of asthma exacerbation during a 12-month follow-up. Methods This post hoc analysis included data from a 12-month prospective cohort study in patients with asthma （n=290）. The time to the first asthma exacerbation was analyzed and the association between baseline ACT scores and future risk of asthma exacerbation was calculated as adjusted odds ratio （OR） using Logistic regression models. Further, sensitivity and specificity were estimated at each cut-point of ACT scores for predicting asthma exacerbations. Results The subjects were divided into three groups, which were uncontrolled （U, n=128）, partly-controlled （PC, n=111）, and well controlled （C, n=51） asthma. After adjustment, the decreased ACT scores at baseline in the U and PC groups were associated with an increased probability of asthma exacerbations （OR 3.65 and OR 5.75, respectively）, unplanned visits （OR 8.03 and OR 8.21, respectively） and emergency visits （OR 20.00 and OR 22.60, respectively） over a 12-month follow-up period. The time to the first asthma exacerbation was shorter in the groups with U and PC asthma （all P 〈0.05）. The baseline ACT of 20 identified as the cut-point for screening the patients at high risk of asthma exacerbations had an increased sensitivity of over 90.0% but a lower specificity of about 30.0%. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the baseline ACT score with a high sensitivity could rule out patients at low risk of asthma exacerbations and predict future risk of asthma exacerbations in clinical practice.

关键词： asthma control test future risk asthma exacerbation

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STUDY ON INFLAMMATORY CELLS IN BALF OF SMOKE-INDUCED CHRONIC BRONCHITIS RAT MODEL

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Journal of Shanghai Second Medical University(Foreign Language Edition) 2004年第1期16卷 1-8页

作者：李庆云黄绍光吴华成程齐俭项轶万欢英 Department of pneumology Ruijin Hospital SSMU Shanghai 200025 China

Objective To establish a smoke-induced chronic bronchitis rat model and evaluate the pathological change semi-quantitatively, and study the characteristics of the inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar layage fluid (BALF) in various stages. Methods Chronic btonchitis sequential rat model was established by passively inhaling smoke mixture. Experiments were performed in 30 young male Sprague-Dawley rats, which comprised 5 groups in random, i.e.,4 chronic bronchitis model groups and 1 control group. After stained with hematoxylin and eosin, the specimens were studied by semi-quantitative method to evaluate the morphologic changes in various stages. Meanwhile, the inflammatory cells of the BALF and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) of lung tissue were analysed. Results During the process of the chronic bronchitis, the pathologic score was increasing as time went on, and the typical morphologic changes of chronic bronchitis emerged in the group 7 weeks. The total number of inflammatory cells in BALF was increasing as time went on, correlated with the pathologic scores ( P<0.01 ). And the percentage of lymphocyte increased as well as positively correlated with pathologic scores (P<0.05), whereas that of macrophage decreased and negatively correlated with pathologic scores (P<0. 05 ). The MPO lever of lung tissue was correlated with the pathologic scores (P <0.01 ). But the percentage of the neutrophil in the BALF was just in a high level during the first week, then it maintained relatively lower. Conclusion Smoke-induced chronic bronchitis is a slowly progressive inflammation process. The model we established is convenient and simple for the longitudinal study on the inflammatory process of chronic bronchitis and the therapy in the early stage. The semi-quantitative evaluation for the pathological change is with much more value. During the inflammatory sequential process of early stage of chronic bronchitis, the cellular characteristics are similar to that of the

关键词：炎症细胞支气管炎动物模型吸烟病理特点

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