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De novo non-alcoholic fatty liver disease after pancreatectomy:A systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第35期10卷 12946-12958页

作者： Parth Shah Vanisha Patel Motaz Ashkar Gastroenterology Washington University in Saint LouisSaint LouisMO 63110United States Internal Medicine Washington University in Saint LouisSaint LouisMO 63110United States

BACKGROUND As operative techniques and mortality rates of pancreatectomy have improved,there has been a shift in focus to maintaining and improving the nutritional status of these patients as we continue to learn more about post-operative *** pancreatic endocrine and exocrine insufficiencies are known complications of pancreatectomy,increased longevity of these patients has also led to a higher incidence of de novo fatty liver disease which differs from traditional fatty liver disease given the lack of metabolic *** To identify and summarize patterns and risk factors of post-pancreatectomy de novo fatty liver disease to guide future *** We performed a database search on PubMed selecting papers published between 2001 and 2022 in the English *** was last accessed 1 June *** Various factors influence the development of de novo fatty liver including indication for surgery(benign vs malignant),type of pancreatectomy,amount of pancreas remnant,and peri-operative nutritional *** an incidence rate up to 75%,de novo non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)can develop within 12 mo after pancreatectomy and various risk factors have been established including pancreatic resection line and remnant pancreas volume,peri-operative malnutrition and weight loss,pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(EPI),malignancy as the indication for surgery,and postmenopausal *** Since majority of risk factors leads to EPI and malnutrition,peri-operative focus on nutrition and enzymes replacement is key in preventing and treating de novo NAFLD after pancreatectomy.

关键词： Pancreatectomy De novo fatty liver Pancreatic Insufficiency Malnutrition

Blast disruption using 3D grids/perforated plates for vehicle protection

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第7期25卷 60-68页

作者： Therese Schunck Dominique Eckenfels Laurent Sinniger French-German Research Institute of saint-louis ISL5 Rue Du General Cassagnou68300Saint-LouisFrance

In this work, blast disruption and mitigation using 3D grids/perforated plates were tested for underbelly and side protection of vehicles. Two vehicle simulants were used: a small-scale one for side vehicle protection assessment and a true-to-scale simulant for underbelly protection testing. The deformation of target plates was assessed. These were either unprotected or protected by three different types of disruptors. The first disruptor was made of a sandwich structure of two perforated plates filled with a thin aluminum structure allowing the air to pass through. The two other disruptors were made of pieces of cast metallic foam. Two different kinds of foams were used: one with large cells and the second one with small cells. Beforehand, the mitigation efficiency of the disruptors was evaluated using an explosivedriven shock tube(EDST). The experiments showed that blast disruption/mitigation by 3D grid/perforated plate structures was not suitable for vehicle side protection. However, 3D grids/perforated structures proved to be relatively effective for underbelly protection compared to an equivalent mass of steel.

关键词： Blast Mitigation Perforated plates 3D grids Vehicle protection

Unexpected discovery of 2 cases of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α-mutated infracentimetic adenomatosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第30期14卷 4830-4833页

作者： Hervé Laumonier Anne Rullier Jean Saric Charles Balabaud Paulette Bioulac-Sage Department of Radiology Hpital Saint André CHU Bordeaux Department of Pathology Hpital Pellegrin CHU Bordeaux Department of Surgery Hpital Saint André CHU Bordeaux Department of Hepatology Hpital Saint André CHU Bordeaux

We present 2 cases of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF1α)-mutated adenomatosis, discovered for reasons unrelated to this disease, and identified using immunohistochemical methods. These new tools may further our understanding of the link between adenomas/adenomatosis subtypes and their complications, and their association with other abnormalities.

关键词： Hepatocellular adenoma Adenomatosis Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α mutation β-catenin mutation Focal nodular hyperplasia

Morbidity and mortality risk factors in emergency department patients with Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第3期11卷 164-168页

作者： Rui-xue Sun Priscilla Song Joseph Walline He Wang Ying-chun Xu Hua-dong Zhu Xue-zhong Yu Jun Xu Emergency Department Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing 100010China Department of Anthropology Washington University in Saint LouisSaint Louis 63101USA Division of Emergency Medicine Saint Louis UniversitySaint Louis 63101USA Laboratory Department Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingChina

BACKGROUND:Acinetobacter baumannii(AB)bacteremia is an increasingly common and often fatal nosocomial *** of morbidity and mortality risk factors for AB bacteremia in emergency department(ED)patients may provide ways to improve the clinical outcomes of these ***:The records for 51 patients with AB bacteremia and 51 patients without AB infection were collected and matched in a retrospective case-control study between 2013 and 2015 in a singlecenter *** factors were analyzed by Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression statistical ***:A significant risk factor for morbidity was the presence of a central venous catheter(CVC)(P<0.001).The mortality rate for the 51 patients with AB bacteremia was 68.6%.Risk factors for mortality were the presence of a CVC(P=0.021)and an ED stay longer than two weeks(P=0.015).CONCLUSION:AB infections lead to high morbidity and *** presence of a CVC was associated with higher morbidity and mortality in patients with AB *** CVC insertions may improve outcomes in ED patients with AB bacteremia.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Bacteremia Morbidity Mortality

Neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第8期7卷 102-110页

作者： Laurent Quéro Sophie Guillerm Christophe Hennequin Department of Radiation Oncology Saint Louis Hospital

Currently, there is no international consensus on the best treatment regimen for patients with advanced resectable gastric carcinoma. In the United States, where a limited lymph-node dissection is frequently performed, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after surgeryis the standard treatment. In Europe, intensified perioperative chemotherapy is commonly administered. In Japan and South Korea, postoperative S-1-based adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery with D2 lymph-node dissection is the standard treatment. Several ongoing trials are currently evaluating the optimal sequence of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, as well as the place of targeted therapeutic agents in the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma.

关键词： Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Review Gastric cancer

Young blood products:emerging treatment for Alzheimer's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 624-627页

作者： Rita Khoury Elias Ghossoub Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience Saint Louis University

Alzheimer＇s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and no disease-modifying treatment is currently *** has shown that while brain neurogenesis continues in adult life,it declines with *** parabiosis,plasma transfusions and direct administration of neural growth factors,animal studies have demonstrated the positive impact of exposure to young blood products on neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in an aging *** hippocampus and the sub-ventricular zones were identified as the main regions *** findings have prompted researchers to experiment their effects in subjects with an established neurocognitive disorder,such as Alzheimer＇s *** argued that modification of brain vasculature,reactivation of adult neural stem cells,and remodeling of their synaptic activity/plasticity may lead to cognitive enhancement and increased *** pilot human study found that young donor plasma infusion protocols for adults with Alzheimer＇s disease were safe and feasible;however,no statistically significant improvements in cognition were *** is a need to conduct additional placebo-controlled human studies in larger *** studies should focus on identifying an “optimal age” at which an intervention in humans may yield significant cognitive enhancement,as well as determining the types of transfusions with the best efficacy and tolerability profiles.

关键词： young blood rejuvenation cognition Alzheimer's disease plasma transfusion aging neurogenesis

Hyporheic Zone Flow Disruption from Channel Linings： Implications for the Hydrology and Geochemistry of an Urban Stream, St. louis, Missouri, USA

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第1期27卷 98-109页

作者： elizabeth a.hasenmueller heather k.robinson Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Saint Louis University St. Louis MO 63108 USA

Cement channel linings in an urban stream in St. louis, Missouri increase event water contributions during flooding, shorten transport times, and magnify geochemical variability on both short and seasonal timescales due to disruption of hyporheic flowpaths. Detailed analyses of water isotopes, major and trace elements, and in situ water quality data for an individual flood event reveal that baseflow contributions rise by 8% only 320 m downstream of the point where this particular channel changes from cement-lined to unlined. However, additional hydrograph separations indicate baseflow contributions are variable and can be much higher（average baseflow increase is 16%）. Stream electrical conductivity（EC） and solute concentrations in the lined reach were up to 25% lower during peak flow than in the unlined channel, indicating a greater event flow fraction. In contrast, during low flow, stream EC and solute concentrations in the lined reach were up to 30% higher due to the restricted inflow of more dilute groundwater. Over longer timescales, EC, solute concentrations, turbidity, and bacterial loads decrease downstream signifying increasing contributions of dilute baseflow. The decreased connectivity of surface waters and groundwaters along the hyporheic zone in lined channels increases the hydrologic and geochemical variability of urban streams.

关键词： stream channel linings hyporheic zone groundwater-surface water interactions,flood hydrograph urban geochemistry urban streams.

How Agent Orange impacts prostate cancer risk,pathology,and treatment outcomes

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 79-86页

作者： Awais Paracha Zohair Siddiqui Ali Abid Ekamjit Deol Fatima Waheed Zachary Hamilton saint louis University School of Medicine Saint LouisMOUSA saint louis University Saint LouisMOUSA New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine OldWestburyNYUSA Department of Surgery Division of UrologySaint Louis University School of MedicineSaint LouisMOUSA

Between 2.6 and 3.8 million veterans served in Vietnam while the US military dispersed Agent Orange(AO),although the exact number of exposed individuals is *** Orange,an herbicide,is a known risk factor for various cancers,including sarcoma and leukemia,but less is known about its link with prostate cancer(PC).Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men and the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in men *** 2023,approximately 288,300 patients will be given a diagnosis of PC,and an estimated 34,700 fatalities will occur in the United ***,whether the pathologic characteristics of PC among those exposed to AO differ from those in the general population remains *** review synthesizes the literature regarding the impact of AO exposure on PC incidence and disease course.A comprehensive PubMed literature search of articles published beginning in 1950 was performed using the primary search terms“Agent Orange,”“TCDD,”and“tetrachlorodibenzodioxin”and the secondary search terms“prostate cancer”or“prostate neoplasm.”The search was limited to studies that focused on human participants and were published in *** authors thoroughly reviewed the retrieved articles for relevancy to the study aims:discussion of PC diagnosis,prognosis,or management among patients exposed to *** 108 studies identified in our search,13 were included in this systematic *** within studies concerning AO exposure with relation to PC incidence,age at diagnosis or treatment initiation,and PC severity seemed to be mixed and generally ***,the literature seems to indicate that there are no significant differences in survivorship between exposed and unexposed veterans who are given a diagnosis of *** these heterogeneous outcomes,the evidence does not encourage a significantly different approach to the diagnosis and management of PC for veterans exposed to *** shouldmake case-by-case decision

关键词： Agent Orange 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Prostate cancer Veterans

Leptomeningeal metastases in prostate cancer:A review of the current literature

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Current Urology 2024年第3期18卷 159-166页

作者： Umar Durrani Kasem Rifai Maha Arshad Awais Paracha Ekamjit Deol Maria Paracha Fatima Waheed Zohair Siddiqui Ali Abid Esed Mustafic Wilson Rodriguez Zachary Hamilton saint louis University School of Medicine Saint LouisMOUSA University of Missouri School of Medicine ColumbiaMOUSA University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVAUSA New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine Old WestburyNYUSA saint louis University Saint LouisMOUSA Department of Neurology Saint Louis University School of MedicineSaint LouisMOUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgerySaint Louis University School of MedicineSaint LouisMOUSA

Leptomeningeal metastasis/leptomeningeal carcinomatosis(LMC;terms used interchangeably)is an inflammatory complication of primary tumors that involves the spread of the disease to the meninges(specifically the arachnoid and pia maters)and spinal *** the United States,approximately 110,000 new cases are diagnosed each year,and the prognosis is usually *** of LMC include cognitive impairment,cranial nerve dysfunction,ischemic stroke,and *** survival times of untreated and treated LMC are approximately 4–6 weeks and 2–4 months,*** carcinomatoses are usually metastatic cancers that spread to the central nervous *** lung and breast cancers have a clearly defined relationship with LMC,it remains unclear whether prostate cancer(PC)is also directly associated with *** determine whether such association exists,we conducted a PubMed review of the literature on patients with PC with coexisting *** search yielded 23 case reports of patients with preexisting PC who developed *** addition,2 retrospective cohort studies were *** findings were identified in the revised cases and *** first 3 findings were related to the progression of the disease:patients presenting with neurological disease symptoms were in remission from PC for 7 years on average,LMCs tended to occur after other cancer diagnoses,and the disease had already rapidly progressed by the time the symptoms were *** diagnosis,the major finding was that most LMCs were detected by magnetic resonance imaging(which does not detect early dissemination),and it was suggested that single-photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography imaging could be used for earlier ***,in terms of treatment,the main finding was that treatment was palliative rather than curative and that prognosis remained poor despite *** the basis of these results,we recommend for individuals with risk facto

关键词： Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis Prostate cancer Prostate cancer metastasis