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Hepatitis C: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects in Dakar (Senegal)

Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第4期12卷 98-106页

作者： Salamata Diallo Mariéme Polele Fall Marie Louise Bassène Mamadou Ngoné Gueye Mame Aissé Thioubou Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba Cissé Alioune Badara Fall Abdoul Aziz Atteib Fall Alsine Yauck Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Hospital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Hospital Idrissa Pouye Dakar Senegal Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Hospital de la Paix Ziguinchor Senegal

Viral hepatitis C is a major public health problem. The aim of our work was to determine the epidemiological, diagnostic and treatment profiles of patients with HCV in Dakar (Senegal). We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, multicentre study between January 1, 2010, and december 31, 2019. We included 26 patients. The mean age of the patients was 53.5 years [28 - 70 years] and 46.2% were males. Of the 26 patients included, 7 (26.9%) were Senegalese, and the majority were from other African countries. Risk factors for contamination found were surgery in 11 patients (42.3%) and blood transfusion in 1 patient (3.8%). The mean viral load was 6.47 log IU/ml [4.26 - 7.26 log IU/ml]. Ten patients were infected by genotype 4. No patients were co-infected with HIV or HBV. Six patients (23.1% of patients) had significant fibrosis, of which five (19.2% of patients) were in the stage of cirrhosis. Twelve patients (46.2%) started treatment. Eleven were treatment-naïve and 1 did not respond to ribavirin-pegylated interferon-based therapy after 48 weeks. Ten cases of antiviral therapy were based on DAA and ribavirin-pegylated interferon in 2 patients. For the patients treated with peginterferon and ribavirin, a rapid virologic response was observed at 12 weeks in one patient, and the other patient was lost to follow-up. Among DAA-treated patients, 7 had sustained virologic responses at 12 weeks, 2 persisted, and 1 was lost to follow-up. Moderate thrombocytopenia and weight loss were observed in one patient receiving peginterferon and ribavirin. In our study, no patient died on treatment and no patients developed de novo HCC during or after DAA therapy. Conclusion: Viral hepatitis C is rare in Senegal. despite the progress made in the therapeutic management of viral hepatitis C, it remains a challenge in Senegal. Indeed, DAAs are expensive and are not marketed, which makes them inaccessible to most patients.

关键词： Hepatitis C Epidemiology Diagnosis Treatment Senegal

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Post-keratoplasty astigmatism management by relaxing incisions:a systematic review

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Eye and Vision 2017年第1期4卷 174-180页

作者： Gaëlle Ho Wang Yin Louis Hoffart Ophthalmology department Aix-Marseille University-APHMHôpital de la Timone264 rue Saint Pierre13385 Marseille Cedex 5France Institut Fresnel UMR 7249 Aix Marseille UniversitéCNRSCentrale MarseilleDomaine universitaire de Saint-Jérôme Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen13397 Marseille cedex 20France CERIMED Aix-Marseille University27 Boulevard Jean-Moulin13385 Marseille cedex 05France Ramsay Générale de Santé Clinique Monticelli-VelodromeMarseilleFrance

Postoperative visual acuity can be limited by post-keratoplasty astigmatism,even with a clear corneal *** management can be performed by selective suture removal,adjustment of sutures,optical correction,photorefractive procedures,wedge resection,intra-ocular lens implantation,intracorneal ring segments,relaxing incisions with or without compression sutures and repeated *** incisions can be made in the graft,graft-host interface or host *** the unpredictability of the method because the flat and steep meridians are usually not orthogonal after penetrating keratoplasty,with asymmetric power distribution,all the studies showed an overall reduction of refractive,keratometric or topographic astigmatism,ranging from 30%to 72%with manual or femtosecond-assisted *** patients with astigmatism higher than 6 diopters had residual cylinder less than or equal to 3 diopters,which can be treated by laser excimer ablation or secondary intraocular lens implantation.

关键词： Penetrating keratoplasty Astigmatic keratotomy Relaxing incisions Femtosecond laser

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Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Schizoaffective Disorder at the CHU-Campus of Lomé(Togo)

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Health 2022年第3期14卷 322-329页

作者： Saliou Salifou Daméga Wenkourama Sonia Kanekatoua Charfoundine Affo Yaovi Alofa Kolou Simliwa Dassa Clinique Universitaire de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale CHU Sylvanus Olympio-Lomé H&#244 pital Psychiatrique de Zébé-Aného Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Service de Psychiatrie Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Kara Kara Togo Clinique de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale Faculté des Sciences de la Santé CHU Campus Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Clinique Médico-Psychiatrique de Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: Schizoaffective disorder is a chronic psychotic disorder. It is characterized by the simultaneous presence of symptoms of a characterized mood disorder and symptoms of schizophrenia. Data on this disorder are almost non-existent in West Africa. The objective was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of schizoaffective disorder at the Campus University Hospital Centre (CHU-Campus) of Lomé in Togo. Framework and Method: This was a retrospective study with a descriptive aim on patients hospitalized at the Clinic of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology (CPPM) of CHU-Campus from January 1st, 2013 to december 31, 2018. Results: A total of 46 patients were included in this study. Their mean age was 39.5 years with extremes ranging from 14 to 65 years. Females had predominated at 52.18% or a sex ratio of 0.91. Married people represented 47.83%. Primary education represented 34.80%. The unemployed were in the majority at 32.92%. Sixty-five point twenty two percent (65.22%) of the patients had a personal psychiatric history. All patients had presented with delusions plus other psychotic and mood symptoms. Almost all patients (97.82%) had received a thymoregulator associated with a first generation antipsychotic (95.65%). Conclusion: More studies should be done in our countries to describe the cultural aspects of this disease.

关键词： Schizoaffective Disorder Epidemiology Antipsychotics Thymoregulators Togo

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Factors Associated with Homicides in Psychiatric Expertise in Togo

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第4期13卷 280-290页

作者： Saliou Salifou Yawo Apélété Agbobli Daméga Wenkourama Sonia Kanekatoua Gnargonna Bawi Charfoundine Affo Kolou Simliwa Dassa Université de Lomé Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Clinique Universitaire de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale CHU Sylvanus Olympio-Lomé H&#244pital Psychiatrique de Zébé-Aného Togo Université de Lomé Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Service de Médecine Légale CHU Sylvanus Olympio Lomé Togo Université de Kara Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Service de Psychiatrie CHU Kara Togo Université de Lomé Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Clinique de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale CHU Campus Lomé Togo Clinique Médico-Psychiatrique de Lomé Togo

Background: In most societies, homicide or murder is a crime that often leads to imprisonment. Studies around the world have sometimes found cases of mental illness (schizophrenia spectrum disorders) as an explanation for some homicides. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with homicide in the Togolese context. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of pre-trial psychiatric expertise reports from January 31st, 2019 to January 30th, 2022. Results: Out of 704 defendants appraised, 206 (29.3%) had committed homicide. Males accounted for 91.7% of Homicide defendants (HD). Their average age was 31.6 ± 12.2 years, with extremes of 16 and 74 years. Factors associated with homicide were female gender, age between 30 and 45 years, married or cohabiting status and occupation as a farmer/fisherman/breeder. Psychoactive substance use (PAS), mental illness and psychiatric history were not associated with homicide. Conclusion: Preventing delinquency and interpersonal conflict, and promoting social cohesion, could significantly reduce homicides in Togo.

关键词： Homicide Associated Factors Forensic Psychiatry Togo

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Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase-Producing Strains Isolated at Zinder National Hospital (ZNH) in 2021 and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 43-51页

作者： Maman Sani Falissou Saïdou Abdoulaye Ousmane Abdoulaye Inoussa Abdoulaye Maman Bachir Hassane Boureima Lo Gora Alhousseini Maiga Daouda Doutchi Mahamadou Bako Saley Mahaman laouali Sidi Maman Bacha Boukar Mamadou Saidou Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger Hôpital National de Zinder Zinder Niger Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire Niamey Niger Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’odontostomatologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Zinder Zinder Niger

Purpose: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global public health problem. Enterobacteriaceae ESBL is among the most incriminated in this emergence which reduces the therapeutic possibilities. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of the extended-spectrum beta- lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae at ZNH and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study carried out over 5 months in all hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in whom a culture was taken for the diagnosis of an infection. The search for ESBL is done by the double disc diffusion method. Results: In total, 21 out of 45 of our strains are ESBL-producing, i.e. a frequency of 46.7%. The mean age is 41.62 (±22.90) with extremes of 2.6 - 78 years. The distribution of ESBL producing species showed a predominance of E. coli with 66.7% followed by K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca each 9.5%. All ESBL strains were resistant to Amoxicillin, Cefalotin, Pipiracillin, Piperacillin + tazobactam, Ticarcillin, Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid. Resistance to C3G and Aztreonam was each 95.5%, to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 9.1%. All strains were sensitive to imipenem. E. coli strains showed resistance: 85.7% to ciprofloxacin, 50% to Amikacin, 57.1% to Gentamicin. For K. pneumoniae, it is 66.7% for Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Our study reports a high prevalence of ESBL at the HNZ. This must be taken into account in order to monitor this phenomenon which constitutes a public health problem. The study also reports sensitivity to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Aminoside which can be an alternative.

关键词： Bacterial Resistance ESBL Enterobacteriaceae Zinder Niger

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关于具有凸与补凸约束的CM-问题中范数体的膨胀方向的研究

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大连理工大学学报 1986年第4期 7-13页

作者：夏尊铨,Strodiot Jean-Jacques,Nguyen Van Hien 大连工学院应用数学系 Facult■s Universitaires N. -D. de la paix departement de Mathematique Rempart de la Vierge 8 B-5000 Namur Belgique Facult■s Universitaires N. -D. de la paix departement de Mathematique Rempart de la Vierge 8 B-5000 Namur Belgique

本文的主要目的是研究具有凸与补凸约束的ＣＭ一问题中范数体的膨胀方向；给出了一些有关膨胀性条件。这一研究是基于几何方面的。文中的结果将有助于构造求解这—问题的算法．

关键词： CM-(嵌入)问题凸与补凸约束膨胀方向

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Etiological and Radiological Profile of Acute Lower Respiratory Infections during the Pre-COVID Period in the Paediatric Ward of the Teaching Hospital of Mali and in the Community Health Centre of Yirimadio in Bamako

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第2期13卷 262-275页

作者： Bourama Kané Mariam Maiga Oumou Koné Korotoumou Wélé Diallo Aboubacar Sangaré Mody Abdoulaye Camara Mariam Doumbia Abdoul Karim Sangaré Bréhima Traoré lassine G. Timbiné Ibrahima Cissé Ahmadou I. Dramé Bréhima Kouriba department of Paediatrics CHU Hôpital du Mali Bamako Mali Paediatric department of the Centre de Santé de Référence de la Commune VI Bamako Mali National Institute of Public Health Bamako Mali Medical imaging department of the CHU Hôpital du Mali Bamako Mali Charles Mérieux Infectious Diseases Centre Bamako Mali Centre de Santé Communautaire de Yirimadio Bamako Mali department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care CHU Hôpital du Mali Bamako Mali

Introduction: Every year, nearly 4 million people pass away from acute respiratory infections. 98% of such deaths are due to lower respiratory tract infections. Even though studies have been carried on lower respiratory infections x-ray aspects in Mali, very few studies have been done to reveal bacteriological and virological evidence of this disease. Materials and methods: It is about a descriptive prospective study carried out from January to december 2018 having involved patients of all ages, coming for medical consultation at the Yirimadio Community-based health center as well as children from 6 months to 15 years old coming at the pediatric department of UHC Hôpital du Mali for a lower respiratory infection. They had all undergone chest X-ray and a PCR. The purpose: of this work is to study etiological and x-ray aspects of acute lower respiratory infections at the Yirimadio Community-based Health Center and at the UHC pediatric department of Hôpital du Mali. Findings: From January to december 2018, we recorded a frequency of 1.19%. The age group 0 - 5 years was the most represented (64.5%) with a sex ratio of 0.97 for women. Cough was the most common clinical sign (98.7%) followed by fever (58.9%). Standard frontal chest X-ray was pathological in 70% of our patients. It was bronchitis in 75.4% of cases, pneumonia (13.5%), and bronchopneumonia (12.3%). PCR positive was in 83.9% of patients. It revealed a co-infection in more than half of the patients (52.5%), bacterial infection (16.1%) and viral infection (15.2%). Pathogens isolated ranked by frequency were Streptococcus pneumoniaa (87.6%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.9%) and human rhinovirus (17%). The most common viral causes were human rhinovirus (17%), followed by influenza A and B virus (7%) and human parainfluenza virus (7%). Conclusion: It stemed from the study that lower respiratory infections were mainly due to Streptococcus pneumonea and human rhinovirus during pre-COVID at the Yirimadio Comm

关键词： Lower Respiratory Infections Etiologies Children Mali

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Combination therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma:do we see the light at the end of the tunnel?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第2期10卷 180-192页

作者： Ti Zhang Philippe Merle Huaqi Wang Haitao Zhao Masatoshi Kudo department of Hepatic Surgery Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina department of Hepatology Hôpital de la Croix-RousseHospices Civils de LyonUniversitéLyon 1103 Grande rue de la Croix RousseLyonFrance department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina department of Liver Surgery Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC)BeijingChina department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka-SayamaJapan

Importance:Combination therapies of anti-PD-1 and anti-angiogenesis regimens are emerging rapidly and exhibit more promising anti-tumor efficacy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and consistently it is the hotspot in clinical ***:To elaborate several issues which are warranted further consideration as more regimens are being investigated in combination *** Review:We searched PubMed,MEDLINE,Cochrane Library and Google Scholar by 2021 February for publications on combination therapies for ***:Several clinical issues are worth reconsidering,such as the evaluation on appropriate primary endpoints in phase III clinical trials as for different practical problems,the translation of surrogate endpoint objective response rate(ORR)benefits into overall survival(OS)benefits,and whether conversion surgery contributes to initial expectations of long-term survival or *** concepts in novel immunotherapy and targeted therapy in combination with loco-regional therapies may improve overall survival for *** and Relevance for Reviews:Comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of immunotherapy and targeted therapy contributes to better prognosis of advanced HCC and more explorative combination therapies are needed.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) angiogenesis immunotherapy combination therapy

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Online Gambling Addiction in Parakou (Benin, 2022)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第S1期13卷 421-437页

作者： Ataigba Ireti Nethania Elie Soumaoro Kemo Koivogui David Sinet Moussa Djibrilla Ousseyni Zika Oumou Awanou Yabo Elodie Djossou Sègnon Eurydice Elvire Tokpanoude Coovi Nonwanou Ignace Djidonou Anselme Tognon Tchegnonsi Francis Gandaho Prosper Ezin Houngbe Josiane Faculté de Médecine & Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Benin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Benin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien de Réhabilitation d’Insertion et de Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Benin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Santé Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinea Service de Psychiatrie H&#244pital National Donka CHU de Conakry Conakry Guinea Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université André Salifou de Zinder Zinder Niger Service de Psychiatrie H&#244pital National de Zinder Zinder Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger Service de Psychiatrie H&#244pital National de Niamey Niamey Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Unité de Santé Publique Cotonou Benin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Service de Psychiatrie Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire - Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Online gambling is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. With its well-crafted visual and audio marketing, it is attracting more and more young people in Africa, where problems linked to employment and poverty are undermining youth. The consequences of gaming-related practices for health in general, and mental health in particular, are not negligible. The aim of this study was to measure the extent of the phenomenon within an urban community in Benin. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study with analytical aim conducted in the general population of Parakou, northern Benin, from december 2021 to November 2022. A self-administered questionnaire incorporating DSM 5 criteria for pathological gambling was used to collect data. Results: A total of 576 subjects divided into 30 clusters of 19 to 20 individuals consented to participate in the study. The proportion of gamblers was 30.56%. The prevalence of pathological gambling calculated according to DSM 5 criteria was 24.65% [21.31% - 28.33%] in the general population. The prevalence of severe pathological gambling was estimated at 8.16% [5.96% - 10.44%] in the general population. The prevalence of anxiety was 28.30% ([24.62% - 31.98%]), compared with 15.10% ([12.18% - 18.02%]) for depression. Factors with a significant association with pathological gambling were: age, access to online gambling, access to video games, exposure to gambling advertisement, having gambling friends, debt accumulation. A statistically significant link was also found between pathological gambling and anxiety/depression. Conclusion: The reality of pathological gambling in northern Benin calls for effective preventive action among vulnerable groups at national level, involving various actors at different levels.

关键词： Gambling Chance Money Online Benin 2022

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L'ANGINE de POITRINE PRECEdeNT L'INFARCTUS DU MYOCARde:RElaTION AVEC LES LESIONS CORONAIRES ET la CIRCUlaTION COLlaTERALE

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Medical Bulletin of Shanghai Jiaotong University 1990年第2期13卷 19-23页

作者：沈卫峰崔连群龚兰生张建盛王强张宪郑爱芳 Service de Cardiologie H■pital Ruijin SSMU Shanghai

To determine the relationship between angina pectoris before myocardial infarction (MI) and the extent of coronary artery disease and collateral circulation, 28 patients with (group Ⅰ)and 22 patients without (group Ⅱ) angina one month prior to acute MI underwent left ventriculography and coronary arteriography within 6 months of a first transmural MI. 23 patients in group Ⅰbut only 6 patients in group Ⅱhad multivessel disease. despite a similar incidence of total occlusion of infarct-related artery, the collateral score in group Ⅰwas significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ. Abnormal regional left ventricular motion score was lower in group Ⅰthan in group Ⅱ. The study suggests that a history of angina before MI may predict the presence o f multivessel disease and the formation of collateral circulation in patients with MI.

关键词： myocardial infarction angina angiography

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