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Burden of pediatric hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 7880-7888页

作者： Mortada Hassan El-Shabrawi Naglaa Mohamed Kamal Alanani pediatrics and pediatric Hepatology Faculty of MedicineCairo University Giza 12411 Egypt

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a major health burden infecting 170-210 million people *** 3-4millions are newly-infected *** of pediatric infection varies from 0.05%-0.36%in the United States and Europe;up to 1.8%-5.8%in some developing *** highest prevalence occurs in Egypt,sub-Saharan Africa,Amazon basin and *** has been present in some populations for several centuries,notably genotypes 1 and 2 in West *** anti-schistosomal therapy practiced in the 1960s until the early 1980s had spread HCV infection throughout *** acquisition of HCV remains a major route for infection among Egyptian *** screening of transfusions,unsterilized injection equipment and re-used needles and syringes continue to be major routes of HCV transmission in developing countries,whereas vertical transmission and adolescent high-risk behaviors(e.g.,injection drug abuse)are the major routes in developed *** risk of vertical transmission from an infected mother to her unborn/newborn infant is approximately 5%.Early stages of HCV infection in children do not lead to marked impairment in the quality of life nor to cognitive,behavioral or emotional dysfunction;however,caregiver stress and family system strain may *** slowly progresses to serious complications as cirrhosis(1%-2%)and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)especially in the presence of risk factors as hemolytic anemias,obesity,treated malignancy,and concomitant human immune deficiency and/or hepatitis B virus *** vaccine remains elusive to *** the immune mechanisms in patients who successfully cleared the infection is essential for vaccine *** pediatric standard of care treatment consists of pegylated interferon-α2a or b plus ribavirin for 24-48 *** new oral direct acting antivirals,approved for adults,need further evaluation in *** virologic response varies depending on the viral lo

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Burden Genotypes Cost pediatrics

Cases of pediatric intra-abdominal solid organ injury induced by blunt trauma experienced over a 15-year period at two centers in Japan

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World Journal of pediatric Surgery 2023年第3期6卷 168-174页

作者： Mayu Matsui Koshiro Sugita Takafumi Kawano Nanako Nishida Ayaka Nagano Masakazu Murakami Keisuke Yano Toshio Harumatsu Shun Onishi Koji Yamada Waka Yamada Mitsuru Muto Tatsuru Kaji Satoshi Ieiri Department of pediatric Surgery Kagoshima City HospitalKagoshimaJapan Department of pediatric Surgery Research Field in Medical and Health SciencesMedical and Dental AreaResearch and Education AssemblyKagoshima UniversityKagoshimaJapan Department of pediatric Surgery Kurume University School of MedicineKurumeJapan

Objective The present study attempts to clarify the clinical features of pediatric intra-abdominal solid organ injury at two *** The injured organ,patient age,sex,injury grade,imaging findings,intervention,length of hospital stay,and complications were retrospectively reviewed using medical records at two centers from 2007 to *** There were 25 cases of liver injury,9 of splenic injury,8 of pancreatic injury,and 5 of renal *** mean age of all patients was 8.6±3.8 years old,with no difference between organ injury *** intervention was performed in four cases of liver injury(16.0%)and one case of splenic injury(11.1%),and surgery was performed in two cases of liver injury(8.0%)and three cases of pancreatic injury(37.5%).All other cases were treated *** included adhesive ileus in one case of liver injury(4.0%),splenic atrophy in one case of splenic injury(11.1%),pseudocysts in three cases of pancreatic injury(37.5%),atrophy of the pancreatic parenchyma in one case of pancreatic injury(12.5%),and urinoma in one case of renal injury(20.0%).No mortalities were *** pediatric patients with blunt trauma had favorable outcomes at two pediatric trauma centers covering a broad medical area,including remote islands.

关键词： pediatric trauma injury

Diagnosis and management of pediatric adrenal insufficiency

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World Journal of pediatrics 2016年第3期12卷 261-274页

作者： Ahmet Ucar Firdevs Bas Nurcin Saka Growth-Development and pediatric Endocrine Unit Istanbul School of MedicineIstanbul UniversityTurkey

Background:Adrenal insufficiency(AI)is a wellknown cause of potentially life-threatening *** at each level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis can impair adrenal function,leading to varying degrees of glucocorticoid(GC)*** AI induced by exogenous GCs is the most common cause of *** criteria for the diagnosis and management of iatrogenic AI,neonatal AI,and critical illness-related corticosteroid insuffi ciency(CIRCI)are not *** sources:We reviewed the recent original publications and classical data from the literature,as well as the clinical,diagnostic and management strategies of pediatric ***:Practical points in the diagnosis and management of AI with an emphasis on iatrogenic AI,neonatal AI,and CIRCI are *** the lack of sensitive and practical biochemical tests for diagnosis of subtle AI,GC treatment has to be tailored to highly suggestive clinical symptoms and *** of adrenal crisis is well standardized and patients almost invariably respond well to *** is mainly the delay in treatment that is responsible for mortality in adrenal ***:Education of patients and health care professionals is mandatory for timely interventions for patients with adrenal crisis.

关键词： adrenal insuffi ciency critical illness hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis iatrogenic steroids

COVID-19 Vaccine Priority Access for Adults and Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Statement of the Italian Society of pediatric Cardiology

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第5期16卷 427-431页

作者： Gabriele Egidy Assenza Biagio Castaldi Serena Flocco Giovanni Battista Luciani Giovanni Meliota Gabriele Rinelli Ugo Vairo Silvia Favilli Board of the Italian Society of pediatric Cardiology Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Medicine IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly Department of Women’s and Children’s Health University of PadovaPadovaItaly Health Professions Research and Development Unit IRCCS Policlinico San DonatoMilanoItaly Department of Surgery DentistryPediatrics and GynecologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly pediatric Cardiology ‘Giovanni XXIII’Pediatric HospitalBariItaly Department of pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery ‘Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu’RomaItaly pediatric Cardiology ‘A.Meyer’Pediatric HospitalFirenzeItaly 不详

COVID-19 pandemic continues to strike across the world with increasing number of infected patients,severe morbidity and mortality,social life and economy *** access to vaccine prophylaxis will be pivotal in controlling this infection and providing individual level ***,mismatch between vaccine request and vaccine availability,as well as constraints in logistics of vaccine campaign is creating a transition phase of progressive but still incomplete inclusion of group of individuals in the vaccination *** patients living with chronic and multisystemic disease may present increased propensity of adverse outcome,should Sars-Cov-2 infection *** these patients,expedite access to COVID-19 vaccination may be *** Italian Society of pediatric Cardiology National Board is providing a viewpoint to inform policy makers and public authorities during vaccine allocation strategies development,to consider higher priority and expedite access for selected groups of patients living with congenital heart disease.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine congenital heart disease

Treatment of pediatric Ogilvie’s syndrome with low-dose erythromycin:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第13期13卷 2002-2003页

作者： Da-Peng Jiang Zhao-Zhu Li Sheng-Yang Guan Yu-Bo Zhang Department of pediatric Surgery Second AffiliatedHospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150086Heilongjiang Province China

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is a poorly understood syndrome, characterized by the signs, symptoms and radiological pattern of a large bowel obstruction without evidence for a mechanical obstruction. We report a case of a 2-year old boy who presented with progressive abdominal distention, vomiting and abdominal pain on postoperative d 3. Plain abdominal X-ray showed markedly dilated large bowel. Mechanical colonic obstruction was ruled out with hypaque enema. Ogilvie＇s syndrome was suspected. The patient received treatment with oral erythromycin which had an immediate beneficial effect. During the 6 mo follow-up, no recurrences of symptoms were observed. We provide a safe and effective therapy for Ogilvie＇s syndrome in pediatric individuals.

关键词： Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction Erythromycin Abdominal distention Prokinetic agent

Vestibular function of pediatric patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss:based on vertigo symptom and vestibular function testing

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World Journal of pediatrics 2021年第6期17卷 637-642页

作者： Yan-Hong Li Bing Liu Yang Yang Min Chen Wei Liu Jian-Bo Shao Xiao Zhang Jie Zhang Xin Ni Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory for pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijingChina

Background This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between vestibular and auditory functions in pediatric patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSHL).Methods A total of 30 pediatric patients experiencing unilateral SSHL between 5.9 and 13.0 years of age were enrolled in this *** tone audiometry was evaluated prior to treatment initiation and again after one month of *** to treatment initiation,vertigo symptoms were noted;then several vestibular function tests were conducted including caloric testing,ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(o-VEMPs)and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(c-VEMPs).Associations between pre and post-treatment vestibular function and hearing threshold levels were *** Initial hearing thresholds of children with vertigo were higher than thresholds of children without vertigo(92 dB vs 79 dB,F=0.033),while initial hearing thresholds of children with abnormal caloric test findings were higher than thresholds of children with normal caloric test findings(93 dB vs 67 dB.P=0.014).Cutoff values of hearing thresholds for those with vertigo symptoms and abnormal vestibular test results were 86.000-and 89.583-dB *** prognosis,children with vertigo exhibited lower recovery rates than children without vertigo(33%vs 75%,P=0.025);recovery rates of children with abnormal caloric test results were lower than the overall recovery rate(25%vs 73%,respectively,P=0.039).Conclusion Assessments of vertigo symptoms and vestibular function are useful tools in predicting pediatric SwSHL patient disease severity and prognosis.

关键词： Prognosis sudden sensorineural hearing loss Vertigo Vestibular function tests

Physician approaches to drug shortages: Results of a national survey of pediatric hematologist/oncologists

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第4期8卷 336-342页

作者： Jill C Beck Baojiang Chen Bruce G Gordon Department of pediatric Hematology/Oncology University of Nebraska Medical Center

AIM To evaluate personnel involved in scarce drug prioritization and distribution and the criteria used to inform drug distribution during times of shortage among pediatric hematologists/oncologists. METHODS Using the American Society of pediatric Hematology/Oncology(ASPHO) membership list, a 20 question survey of pediatric hematologists/oncologists was conducted via email to evaluate personnel involved in scarce drug prioritization and distribution and criteria used to inform scarce drug distribution. RESULTS Nearly 65% of the 191 study respondents had patients directly affected by drug shortages. Most physicians find out about shortages from the pharmacist(n = 179, 98%) or other doctors(n = 75, 41%). One third of respondents do not know if there is a program or policy for handling drug shortages at their institution. The pharmacist was the most commonly cited decision maker for shortage drug distribution(n = 128, 70%), followed by physicians(n = 109, 60%). One fourth of respondents did not know who makes decisions about shortage drug distribution at their institution. The highest priority criterion among respondents was use of the shortage drug for curative, rather than palliative intent and lowest priority criterion was order of arrival or first-come *** Despite pediatric hematology/oncology physicians and patients being heavily impacted by drug shortages, institutional processes for handling shortages are lacking. There is significant disparity between how decisions for distribution of shortage drugs are currently made and how study respondents felt those decisions should be made. An institution-based, and more importantly, a societalapproach to drug shortages is necessary to reconcile these disparities.

关键词： pediatric hematology/oncology Chemotherapy Ethics

IMPACT de la déprivation sociale sur les difficultés psychosociales au décours d’un cancer pédiatrique:uneétude prospective IMPACT of the Social Deprivation on Psychosocial Difficulties of pediatric Cancer Survivors:A Prospective Study

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Psycho-Oncologie 2024年第2期18卷 117-126页

作者： Fanny Delehaye Olivier Dejardin Isabelle Pellier Ludivine Launay Maxime Esvan Damien Bodet Liana Carausu Julien Lejeune Frédéric Millot Caroline Thomas Virginie Gandemer Arnaud Alves Julien Rod U1086 INSERM“Anticipe” Caen14000France Department of pediatric Hematology and Oncology University Hospital of CaenCaen14000France Research Department University Hospital of CaenCaen cedex14000France Department of pediatric Hematology and Oncology University Hospital of AngersAngers49000France Centre François Baclesse Caen14000France CIC 1414(Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Rennes) Rennes UniversityCHU RennesInsermRennes35000France Department of pediatric Hematology and Oncology University Hospital of BrestBrest29200France Department of pediatric Hematology-Oncology Clocheville HospitalUniversity Hospital of ToursTours37000France pediatric Oncology Unit CIC 802 INSERMUniversity Hospital of PoitiersPoitiers86000France Department of pediatric Hematology-Oncology University Hospital of NantesNantes44000France Department of pediatric Hematology and Oncology University Hospital of RennesRennes35000France Service de Chirurgie Digestive CHU CaenUniversitéde Caen-NormandieCaen14000France Department of pediatric Surgery Caen University HospitalAvenue de la Côte de NacreCaen14000France

The posttreatment period is a key part of the management of pediatric *** this time,school and psychological difficulties have been described in childhood cancer survivors(CCS)and can be prognostic for the success of social *** study estimated the inﬂuence of the household’s socioeconomic status(SES)on these psychosocial *** study is based on a prospective multicentric database and focused on children who received a psychosocial evaluation during their follow-up from 2013 to *** retrieved data on school and psychological *** SES was estimated by a social deprivation *** from1003 patients were *** difficulties were noted in 22%of CCS.A greater social deprivation was significantly associated with school *** relapse,treatment with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,and central nervous system(CNS)tumors remained significant risk *** the subgroup of CNS tumors,school difficulties were increased and associated with greater social *** difficulties were not associated with the deprivation *** is a link between SES and school difficulties in *** investigations should be carried out for children with CNS tumors,which is the population of the greatest concern.

关键词： Psychosocial difficulties contextual socioeconomic status deprivation cancer children

Full Outline of Unresponsiveness score and the Glasgow Coma Scale in prediction of pediatric coma

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第1期8卷 55-60页

作者： Atahar Jamal Naveen Sankhyan Murlidharan Jayashree Sunit Singhi Pratibha Singhi Department of pediatrics Advance Pediatric CenterPost-graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia

BACKGROUND: This study was done to compare the admission Full Outline of Unresponsiveness(FOUR) score and Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) as predictors of outcome in children with impaired ***: In this observational study, children(5–12 years) with impaired consciousness of pediatric Overall Performance Category Scale at 3 ***: Of the 63 children, 20 died during hospital stay. AUC for in-hospital mortality for GCS was 0.83(CI 0.7 to 0.9) and FOUR score was 0.8(CI 0.7 to 0.9) [difference between areas –0.0250(95%CI 0.0192 to 0.0692), Z statistic 1.109, P=0.2674]. AUC for mortality at 3 months for GCS was 0.78(CI 0.67 to 0.90) and FOUR score was 0.74(CI 0.62 to 0.87)(P=0.1102) and AUC for poor functional outcome for GCS was 0.82(CI 0.72 to 0.93) and FOUR score was 0.79(CI 0.68 to 0.9)(P=0.2377), which were also comparable. Inter-rater reliability for GCS was 0.96 and for FOUR score ***: FOUR score was as good as GCS in prediction of in-hospital and 3-month mortality and functional outcome at 3 months. FOUR score had a good inter-rater reliability.

关键词： Altered sensorium Neuro-intensive care Neuro-monitoring Neuroinfection Tropical neurology