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Araucaria angustifolia Aboveground Roots Presented High Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Diversity in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 561-566页

作者： Milene MoREIRA Maria I. ZUCCHI Jose E. GoMES Siu M. TSAI Alessandro ALVES-PEREIRA Elke J. B. N. CARDoSo Sao paulo State agency for agribusiness technology CP 28 Piracicaba 13400-970 Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture University of Sao Paulo Piracieaba 13416-000 Genetics Department Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture University of Sao Paulo Piraeieaba 13418-900 Soil Science Department Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture University of Sao Paulo Piracicaba 13418-900

30 different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） species, distributed in different genera such as Glomus, Acaulospora, Scutellospora, Entrophospora, Ambisporu, Kuklospora, Gigaspora, and Archeospora, have been identified in the root zone of Araucaria angustifolia, known as Brazil Pine. During our AMF survey in this ecosystem, our attention was called to the presence of many superficially growing Araucaria roots. our hypothesis was that these roots were colonized with AMF because of the presence of AMF spores in organic material aboveground. Samples of these superficial roots and the organic substrate they were growing on were evaluated for their mycorrhizal status. DNA was extracted from the AMF-colonized superficial roots and submitted to polymerase chain reaction （PCR） amplification using the NS31-AM1 primer pair, followed by cloning and sequencing. We found that the root colonization percentages were between 31% and 52%, and the number of AMF spores in the substrate ranged from 27 to 164 spores per 50 g dry substrate. The phylogenetic analyses and tree construction using maximum parsimony （MP） and neighbor-joining （N J） methods identified 13 different species of the phylum Glomeromycota belonging to the genera Glomus, Funneliformis, Rhizophagus, Gigaspora, Acaulospora, and Archaeospora, and five isolates were identified only at the genus level. To our knowledge, this is the first report on Araucaria angustifolia with roots growing aboveground, producing runner roots that develop on dead tree trunks and organic material. The higher colonization of the aboveground roots than those commonly found in belowground Araucaria roots suggests that they may present active metabolic uptake of nutrients.

关键词： AMF spores fungal taxonomy mycorrhizal status nutrient uptake organic substrate root colonization superficial roots

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occurrence of Carabid Beetles in the Phenological Stages of Weedy Plants

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Advances in Entomology 2018年第2期6卷 176-188页

作者： Francisco J. Cividanes Terezinha M. dos Santos-Cividanes Alex A. Ribeiro Plant Protection Department Paulista State University Jaboticabal Brazil Sã o paulo agency for agribusiness technology Ribeir&atilde o Preto Brazil

In the current study, we investigated the relationship between the abundance of carabid species (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and the phenological stages of weedy plants growing in edge habitats. A survey of carabid beetles was conducted in edge habitats between forest fragments and soybean/corn crops or orange orchards in five sites located in northeastern S?o paulo state, Brazil, from November 2005 to May 2008. Beetles were captured with pitfall traps, and multiple regression analysis was used to determine the carabid species that prevailed on each of the phenological stages of weeds. In total, 1115 individuals, representing 26 genera and 52 species, were captured. Selenophorus species, mainly Selenophorus seriatoporus Putzeys, Selenophorus sp.4, Helluomorphoides squiresi (Chaudoir), Tetragonoderus laevigatus Chaudoir, Athrostictus sp.1 were abundant during the reproductive phenological stages of weedy plants, which suggests that these carabid species might prefer to feed on the seeds of weedy plants.

关键词： Abundance Ground Beetle Phenology Seed Consumption Weed

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Impacts of Coffee Production in Agroforestry System for Sustainable Development

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Journal of Agricultural Science and technology(B) 2013年第8期3卷 535-544页

作者： Flavia Maria de Mello Bliska Patricia Helena Nogueira Turco Antonio Bliska Jfinior Daniel Carvalho Nepomuceno Agronomic Institute Coffee Centre S6o Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Agriculture Secretary of Sao Paulo StateCampinas Sao Paulo 13012-970 Brazil Department of Decentralization of Development Silo Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Agriculture Secretary of SaoPaulo State Campinas Sao Paulo 13012-970 Brazil Faculty of Agricultural Engineering University of Campinas Av. Cdndido Rondon 501-Bar6o Geraldo Campinas S6o Paulo13083-875 Brazil

This study estimates the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of coffee production in the agroforestry system in the settlements of farmers located in the West of the state of Silo paulo, Brazil, in the region known as Pontal of Paranapanema, aiming at the development of programs to support the growth of production sustainable coffee and programs to protect the coffee activity before the possible global climate change. The settlements are located in areas with sandy soils and highly degraded by human action Moreover, the region is considered marginal for the production of coffee, because it is subject to periods of high temperatures, prolonged drought and frost risk, which hinders the sustainability of farms. The environmental and socioeconomic impacts of agroforestry are analyzed through Ambitec-agro system, consisting of a set of indicators aimed at ex-post evaluation of the contribution of technological innovation to environmental, social and economic development of an agricultural activity. The system Ambitec involves：（1） general data collection about the technology; （2） application of questionnaires with adopters selected and insertion of data on impact indicators spreadsheets via platform MS-Excel and to obtain quantitative results and impacts partial indexes and aggregates the impact of technology selected; （3） analysis and interpretation of indices obtained, which vary between -15 and 15. The results indicate that agroforestry management can contribute to：（1） maintaining or increasing the sustainability of traditional coffee-growing regions in the case of sudden climate change; （2） the expansion of the coffee regions now considered unsuitable for the cultivation of coffee; （3） for sustainable regional development.

关键词： Climate changes sustainable development regional development coffee production.

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Indicators to the Consumption of Electric Energy and Agriculture Cattle Farming Production for the Elaboration of Clusters with Cities of the State of S^o paulo, Brazil

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Journal of Agricultural Science and technology(A) 2012年第8期2卷 944-951页

作者： paulo Andre de oliveira Elias Jose Simon Department of agribusiness Faculty of Technology Paula Souza Center Botucatu S6o Paulo 18606-855 Brazil Department of agribusiness Management and technology Sao Paulo State University Botueatu S6o Paulo 186010-307 Brazil

The issue in this matter is that rules for use of electricity in rural areas are limited to the provision of inputs. Adopting guidelines to consider managed sub regions can generate poor results. The focus of this study was to present parameters for indicators of electric energy and agricultural production to allow the formation of city groups in Sao paulo State, Brazil, with similar electric energy consumption and rural agricultural production. The methodology was the development of indicators that characterize the electric energy consumption/agricultural production and the preparation of groups using indicators with ward of statistical method of groups. The main conclusions were the formation of six homogeneous groups with similar characteristics regarding agricultural production/consumption of electricity. The application of these groups in cities with similar characteristics would produce more satisfactory results than the division of administrative Rural Development offices （RDo）.

关键词： Clusters indicators productive energy.

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Evaluation of Four Methods for Restoring a Degraded Swamp Forest

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open Journal of Forestry 2015年第5期5卷 500-509页

作者： Gisele Mondoni Marconato Rita C. S. Maimoni-Rodella Claudia Mira Attanasio School of Forest Science Unesp Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil Department of Botany Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu UNESP Botucatu S&#227o Paulo Brazil Sao paulo agency for agribusiness technology (APTA/SAA-SP) S&#227o Paulo Brazil

Swamp Forests occur in permanently wet soils, with specific ecosystem which contributes to the conservation of biodiversity and water resources. However, there are many gaps in knowledge about the restoration of these forests. The present study was conducted in a degraded wetland in the town of Mineiros do Tietê, located in the state of S?o paulo, Brazil, in order to test the efficiency of four methods for restoring a Swamp Forest (small mound, acclimated seedling, dry season and conventional tillage), using six forest tree species typical of this type of forest: Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess., Citharexylon myrianthum Cham., Cedrela odorata L., Tapirira guianensis Aubl., Ficus insipida Willd. and Croton urucurana Baill. The least favorable methods for all plant species were: conventional and soil pit tillageindry seasons. Analyzing the plant species individually, the best results in descending order were: Croton urucurana Baill. (acclimated seedling tillage in dry season), followed by Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. (insmall mounds), Citharexylon mirianthum Cham. (with acclimated seedlings), Ficus insipida Willd. and Tapirira guianensis Aubl. (insmall mounds). Cedrela odorata L. presented low performance in all conditions, probably because it suffered the Hypsipyla grandella Zeller. The results have been successful for the establishment of Swamp Forest restoration strategies.

关键词： Restoration Methods Acclimatization Soil Water Saturation Riparian Zone

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organic Agriculture： Socioeconomic Sustainability of Brazilian Coffee

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Journal of Agricultural Science and technology(A) 2013年第1期3卷 20-32页

作者： Rubia Wegner Patricia Helena Nogueira Turco Faivia Maria de Mello Bliska Institute of Humanities and Soeial Sciences Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro Seropddica 23890-000 Brazil Department of Decentralization of Development S6o Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Agriculture Secretary of S6oPaulo State Campinas P.O. Box 28 S6o Paulo 13012-970 Brazil Coffee Centre Agronomic Institute S~o Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Agriculture Secretary of S6o Paulo StateCampinas P.O. Box 28 S6o Paulo 13012-970 Brazil

Worldwide, there is a growing demand for products made by technologies that contribute to environmental preservation and to sustainable rural development. In Brazil, organic farming is one of the most established initiatives in this area. Therefore, it is important to subsidize the decision-making regarding policies for organic coffee production. Thereby, this study analyzed the socio-economic sustainability of this production system in relation to conventional. We applied a semi-structured questionnaire on coffee farms in the Brazilian coffee producers states and analyzed the coffee production cost structure. We identified the reasons that led the producers to organic management, implications of certification on the management, and prices received by organic coffee and the market mechanism. Results showed that there is no standard for organic coffee production and marketing in Brazil. Among the producers, there are different levels of access to technical information and the main limitation of the organic coffee chain is not the technology of production, but the difficulty of coffee marketing. Another important limitation, for medium and large farms, is the cost of manpower, mainly in areas dominated by mountain, where machines operations are not viable. Moreover, the yield of organic coffee system is generally lower than the conventional. Furthermore, soil and climatic differences lead to different regional behavior. Finally, we could conclude that the production of organic coffee can be sustainable in Brazil mainly in two structural conditions： 1） family farmers; and 2） small producers, who employ only one or two workers, preferably only in the harvest time.

关键词： Sustainable development coffee crop production costs organic agriculture.

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organic Coffee under Perspective of Energy Efficiency

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Journal of Agricultural Science and technology(B) 2014年第1期4卷 15-20页

作者： Patricia Helena Nogueira Turco osmar de Carvalho Bueno: Maura Seiko Tsutsui Esperancini Flavia Mariade Mello Bliska Department of Decentralization of Development Agriculture Secretary of S6o Paulo State Sao Paulo Agency of AgribusinessTechnology Campinas 13012-970 Sao Paulo Brazil Department of Economics and Rural Sociology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of Botucatu Universidade Jfilio de MesquitaFilho Paulista State University Rua Josd Barbosa de Barros Botucatu 18603-970 Sao Paulo Brazil Agriculture Secretary of Sao paulo State Sao Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Coffee Centre Agronomic InstituteCampinas 13012-970 Sao Paulo Brazil

The energy analysis development in this study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of the organic coffee productive system, in particular to assess the independence of this system with respect to the use of industrialized input products. Thus, it provides information about the sustainability of that production system. Technical itineraries used in this study consist of energy expenditure made with coffee cultivation, according to the type, source and form of energy inputs, agricultural machines, equipment and labor force used in that production system. The energy expenditure, converted into energy units, quantified the input energy. And the organic coffee production, measured in kilograms of processed coffee beans, was the output energy. Primary data used in this study were obtained from organic coffee producers in the Southern region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in 2011. Energy balance identified was positive, since the estimated output energy was 626.465 M J/ha and the energy expenditure was 112.998 M J/ha, during the useful life of the crop.

关键词： Energetic balance sustainable production coffee cultivation.

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The Role of Nitrogen Fertilizers in Sugarcane Root Biomass under Field Conditions

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第14期5卷 1527-1538页

作者： Rafael otto Henrique Coutinho Junqueira Franco Carlos Eduardo Faroni André Cesar Vitti Emídio Cantidio Almeida de oliveira Renata Alcarde Sermarini paulo Cesar ocheuze Trivelin Department of Soil Science Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture University of Sao Paulo Piracicaba Brazil Brazilian Bioethanol Science and technology Laboratory (CTBE) Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro Campinas Brazil Sugarcane Research Center (CTC) Piracicaba Brazil Sao paulo agency of agribusiness and technology (APTA) Piracicaba Brazil Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) Recife Brazil Department of Exact Sciences Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture University of Sao Paulo Piracicaba Brazil Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture University of Sao Paulo Piracicaba Brazil

Sugarcane is used worldwide for sugar, ethanol and energy production. In Brazil, the shift from burned to unburned harvest systems resulted in increases in nitrogen fertilization rates, which can impact root architecture and biomass. The expectation is also an increase in sugarcane biomass. The study hypothesized that high N rates applied to sugarcane fields increases root growth and N stored in roots, promoting higher biomass and N accumulated in shoots. Two experiments were set up in Southeastern Brazil, on a Typic Kandiudox (TK) and Rhodic Eutrudox (RE). Four treatments were studied 1) N application in the plant-cane (0 and 120 kg·ha-1 N) and 2) N application in the ratoon (0 and 150 kg·ha-1 N). The shoot biomass and the root density (by the core method up to 0.6 m) were evaluated over the first ratoon crop cycle, and the N content in those compartments was also examined. There was no carry over effect on N applied at planting in root and shoot biomass in the ratoon crop cycle. At the RE site, the ratoon N fertilization increased root density in the superficial soil layer (0 - 0.2 m) and close to the plants (of N addition on root biomass, and biomass and N accumulated in shoot was limited in both sites. Increasing N rates in unburned sugarcane fields do not consistently increases root and shoot biomass under Brazilian field conditions.

关键词： Root System Ratoon Shoot Root: Shoot Ratio

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Stepped machine learning for the development of mineral models: Concepts and applications in the pre-salt reservoir carbonate rocks

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第1期3卷 167-179页

作者： Lucas Abreu Blanes de oliveira Luiz Felipe Niedermaier Custodio Thais Bortotti Fagundes Carina Ulsen Cleyton de Carvalho Carneiro Petrobras–Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Avenida Henrique Valadares 28CentroRio de Janeiro20231-030 Rio de JaneiroBrazil Universidade de Sao paulo USPEscola PolitecnicaPraça Narciso de AndradeVila MathiasSantosSão Paulo 11013-560Brazil

Understanding rock mineralogy is essential for formation evaluation,improving the calculation of porosity and hydrocarbon *** primary method to obtain the mineralogy from a well is by applying a model to the geochemical tool’s chemical ***,creating a mineralogical model presents challenges such as the minerals’chemical composition and the decision to include a mineral in the *** traditional application of machine learning can make mineral models less realistic since conventional training is developed based on a set of minerals with different occurrences,lowering some minerals’*** present research proposes the stepped machine learning(SML),a stepped way to use machine learning to create a mineralogical model from chemical and mineralogical data.A database was assembled with the elemental concentration obtained with XRF analyses and the mineral concentrations obtained with XRD *** chemical elements were Al,Ca,Fe,K,Mg,Mn,Na,Si,and *** minerals were calcite,dolomite,quartz,clays,K-feldspar,plagioclase,and *** algorithms were tested:MLP,GAN,Random Forest,and XGBoost,with XGBoost showing the best *** was applied,where a mineral model results are used to train a subsequent *** allowed for a significant improvement in some models,notably to clays with an increase in R 2 from 0.597 to 0.853,quartz an increase from 0.673 to 0.869,and calcite,from 0.758 to 0.862.A decrease in the mean squared error of these minerals’models was also *** model was applied to the geochemical logs from three wells drilled in the Brazilian pre-salt,and the results were compared with XRD *** SML model was able to honor the mineral concentrations for different *** is demonstrated that the integration between machine learning tools and geological knowledge in SML was crucial for creating a representative mineralogical model.

关键词： minerals quartz reservoir

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Influence of Cutting Stages and Sugarcane Varieties on Sucrose Content in a Brazilian Power Plant with Mechanized Harvesting

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Journal of Agricultural Science and technology(B) 2018年第4期8卷 220-227页

作者： Ricardo Ghantous Cervi Sergio Augusto Rodrigues Ernee Kozyreff Filho paulo Andre de oliveira Department of Production Engineering Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Itapeva Sao Paulo 18409-010 Brazil Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo 18610-307 Brazil Department of agribusiness State Center for Technological Education Paula Souza Botucatu Sao Paulo 18606-855 Brazil

This study, carried out in a sugarcane mill located in the center-west region of Sao paulo state, Brazil, aimed to evaluate the association of sucrose amount （PoL%） with sugarcane varieties and cutting stages using mechanized harvesting. A two-way analysis of variance （ANoVA）, complemented by multiple comparison tests, was used in order to identify the effects of variety types and cutting stages on the sugarcane PoL% content. An interaction between the sugarcane variety and the cutting stage was observed; therefore, both two factors cannot be independently evaluated regarding PoL%. In addition, it was found that the sucrose amount from the plant production in the evaluated period presented significant differences between the cutting stages only for one variety, namely CTC2, which was different from the others in most of the cutting stages. Considering the observed results, it can be concluded that analyzing sucrose amount statistically in the mill production can allow producers to posteriorly better monitor information on the sugarcane varieties harvested under mechanized processes.

关键词： Mechanized harvesting sugarcane cultivation sugarcane PoL%.

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