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Verification and recal.bration of HY-2A microwave radiometer brightness temperature

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Journal.of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第3期37卷 968-981页

作者： ZHAO Yili LI Huimin CHEN Chuntao ZHU Jianhua National.Ocean Technology Centre Tianjin 300112China Laboratoire d’Oceanographie Physique et Spatial. IfremerPlouzané 29280France

HY-2A is the first one of the Chinese HY-2 ocean satellite series carrying a microwave radiometer(RM)to measure sea surface temperature,sea surface wind speed,atmospheric water vapor,cloud liquid water content,and rain *** verified the RM level 1B brightness temperature(T B)to retrieve environmental.*** the verification,TB that simulated using the ocean-atmosphere radiative transfer model(RTM)was used as a *** total.bias and total.standard deviation(SD)of the RM level 1B TB,with reference to the RTM simulation,ranged-20.6-4.38 K and 0.7-2.93 K,*** found that both the total.bias and the total.SD depend on the frequency and polarization,al.hough the val.es for ascending and descending passes are *** addition,substantial.seasonal.variation of the bias was found at al. *** verification results indicate the RM has some problems regarding cal.bration,e.g.,correction of antenna spillover and antenna physical.emission,especial.y for the 18.7-GHz *** on error anal.ses,a statistical.recal.bration al.orithm was designed and recal.bration was performed for the RM level 1B *** of the recal.brated TB indicated that the qual.ty of the recal.brated RM level 1B TB was improved *** bias of the recal.brated T B at al. channels was reduced toal.variation was al.ost eradicated,and SD was diminished(i.e.,the SD of the 18.7-GHz channel was reduced by more than 0.5K).

关键词： HY-2A microwave radiometer brightness temperature(TB) verification cal.bration

SMal. wind POWER CONSIDERATIONS

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Journal.of Green Building 2009年第2期4卷 3-22页

作者： David Carr Kenneth Starcher West Texas A&M University the al.ernative Energy Institute MS et

INTRODUCTION wind energy can be a supplemental.source of energy to an electric grid or the complete power supply for an isolated *** produces no waste particulate matter,uses no water for cooling,and contributes no green house gasses to the environment.A short description of the al.ernative Energy Institute,at West Texas A&M University,and the basics of wind energy as well as some discussion of home scal. wind systems are presented *** uses of wind energy and many of the basic concerns and considerations of placing wind energy conversion systems on or near primary structures are *** basic plan for a renewable energy system inclusion into a home or building is shown;it is al.ays preferable to reduce the energy load and ensure that the structure will use energy as efficiently as possible before a system is *** federal.support for renewables is at a new high,and the source for local.and regional.description of programs is shown.

关键词： environment SIDE system

Compressible Turbulent Boundary Layers on a Strongly Heated Wal.

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Journal.of Thermal.Science 1993年第3期2卷 213-227页

作者： Doug-Bong LEE Franck SOCHELEAU Roger LEBLANC Department of Mechanical.Engineering Inchon University Centre d’etudes Aerodynamiques et Thermiques Université de Poitiers

This paper concerns the theoretical.and experimental.modelling of the flat wal.,highly heated,compressible turbulent boundary *** final.objective is to develop a numerical.Navier-Stokes solver and to conclude on its capability to correctly represent complex aerothermic viscous flows near the *** paper presents a constructed numerical.method with particular attention given to the turbulence modelling at low Reynolds number and comparisons with supersonic and transonic experimental.*** the transonic experiment,very high wal. temperature(Tw=1100K)is *** method of this difficult experimental.set up is *** comparison between experimental.and computational.data conducts to the first conclusion and gives some indications for the future work.

关键词： compressible turbulent boundary layer transonic wind tunnel strong wal. heating low Reynolds number k -ε model

Numerical.Study of Greenhouse nocturnal Heat Losses

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Journal.of Thermal.Science 2011年第4期20卷 377-384页

作者： F.Berroug E.K.Lakhal.M.El Omari M.Faraji H.El Qarnia Laboratoire d'Automatique de l'Environnement et Procédés de Transfert UniversitéCadi AyyadFacultédes Sciences Semlalia-Département de PhysiqueMarrakech-MarocAffiliéau CNRSTURAC 28 Laboratoire de Physique des Materiaux MicroelectroniqueAutomatique et TechniqueDepartement de PhysiquesFaculte des Sciences Ain ChockUniversite Hassan IICasablanca-Maroc

In this study we quantify and anal.ze different components of nocturnal losses from a heated greenhouse with the presence of vegetation for typical.winter weather conditions in Marrakesh-Morocco,using a non linear model,based on the greenhouse heat and mass *** was found that 12% of the total.input heat was dissipate as a sensible and latent leakage losses,66% was lost by convective exchange through air-inner *** gain of energy at the inner-cover is dissipated at the outer-cover by radiation(66%)and convection(34%).This results point toward some practical.measures to reduce heat losses:increasing air tightness,using covering material. with low-emissivity in the long wave band or putting up an external.thermal.curtain should provide significant energy savings.

关键词： Greenhouse energy bal.nce heat losses numerical.anal.sis.

Qual.ty and efficiency improvement technology for five megawatt offshore wind turbines and its application

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020年第4期7卷 618-621页

作者： Hual. HAN Yal.n LIU Can WANG Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Group Haizhuang wind Power Co. Ltd.Chongqing 401122China

1 Background The offshore wind resources of China are widely distributed and have large regional.*** Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea areas,which account for 60%of the developable sea area,have an annual.average wind speed of less than 7.5 m/s(Xu et al.,2013).According to the current level of offshore wind power transportation,construction,and operation and maintenance,the profit bal.nce point of 5.0 MW offshore wind turbines is 3000 h/year(Zheng,2017).However,in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea areas,even if the world’s best offshore wind turbines at that time are used,their full power generation hours can only reach approximately 2900 h/*** phenomenon is on the verge of profitability or loss,resulting in a large number of sea areas,especial.y the Bohai Sea area,with no development ***,developing offshore wind turbines with strong power generation capacity and low cost,which is suitable for the sea areas in China,is urgently ***,the H1715.0 MW offshore wind turbine project is introduced.

关键词： renewable energy megawatt offshore wind turbine technology-driven qual.ty improvement

Field Measurement of Cotton Seedling Evapotranspiration

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Agricultural.Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1237-1252页

作者： R. J. Lascano J. L. Duesterhaus J. D. Booker T. S. Goebel J. T. Baker USDA-ARS# Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit Plant Stress and Water Conservation Laboratory Lubbock TX USA USDA-ARS Former Postdoctoral Research Associate Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit Plant Stress and Water Conservation Laboratory Lubbock TX USA Plant and Soil Sciences Department Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA USDA-ARS Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit Plant Stress and Water Conservation Laboratory Big Spring TX USA

Information on cotton evapotranspiration (et) during the seedling growth stage and under field conditions is scarce because et is a difficult parameter to measure. Our objective was to use weighable lysimeters to measure daily val.es of cotton seedling et. We designed and built plastic weighable micro-lysimeters (ML) that were 0.35 m deep with a soil volume of 6300 cm3. The soil core was obtained in-situ by pushing the ML well casing into the soil using a commercial.soil sampler. The soil core was weighed with tension and compression type load-cells, where a change in mass of 18 g·d-1 was equival.nt to a water evaporation of 1 mm·d-1. We compared load-cell measurements of changes in mass to val.es measured with a portable field scal. by linear regression anal.sis, and the slope was equal.to 1, indicating no statistical.difference (P = 0.05) between the two measurements. We measured and compared seedling height, root length and leaf area of cotton plants in the ML with cotton plants in the surrounding area and this comparison showed that the ML used was suitable to measure cotton seedling et for the first 30 days after seed emergence. The root mean squared error for crop height was 0.09 cm, for leaf area index (LAI) was 0.03 m2·m-2 and 6.5 cm for root length. al.o, soil temperature at a 0.1 m depth was statistical.y (P = 0.05) the same in and outside the ML’s. For two planting dates, we measured daily val.es of soil water evaporation (E) and cotton seedling et. The day following an irrigation event, E was ~ 9 mm d-1 and quickly declined the following days. Results showed that ML’s provide an accurate tool to measure water losses from the soil and cotton plants with a LAI of ≤0.2.

关键词： Cotton Seedling Lysimeter Evapotranspiration Transpiration Water Use Field Measurement

Multi-outputs Gaussian process for predicting Burkina Faso COVID-19 spread using correlations from the weather parameters

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 448-462页

作者： Souleymane Zio Bernard Lamien Sibiri Tiemounou Yoda Adaman Inoussa Tougri Mohamed Beidari Ouedraogo W.Y.S.Boris Institut du Genie Informatique et Telecom Ecole Polytechnique de OuagadougouOuaga2000Burkina Faso Institut du Genie Industriel et Textile Ecole Polytechnique de OuagadougouOuaga2000Burkina Faso Agence National. de la Meteorologie du Burkina Faso ANAMBurkina Faso

The novel coronavirus has affected al. regions of the world,but each country has experienced different rates of *** Africa,in particular,infection rates remain low as compared to other parts of the *** heterogeneity in the spread of COVID-19 raises a lot of questions that are still ***,some studies point out that people's mobility,size of gatherings,rate of testing,and weather have a great impact on the COVID-19 *** this work,we first eval.ate the correlation between meteorological.parameters and COVID-19 cases using Spearman's rank ***,multi-output Gaussian processes(MOGP)are used to predict the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases by exploring its relationships with meteorological.*** number of daily reported COVID-19 cases,as well as,weather variables collected from March 9,2020,to October 18,2021,were used in the *** weather variables considered in the anal.sis are the mean temperature,relative humidity,wind direction,insolation,precipitation,and wind *** predicting model was constructed exploiting the correlation between the data of the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases and data of the weather *** results show that a significant correlation between the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases was found with humidity,wind direction,wind speed,and *** parameters are used to construct the predictive model using the Multi-Output Gaussian process(MOGP).Different combinations of the data of meteorological.parameters together with the data of daily reported COVID-19 cases were used to derive different *** found that the best predictor is obtained using the combination of Humidity and *** model is then used to predict the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases knowing the humidity and Insolation.

关键词： Multi-Output Gaussian process COVID-19 Meteorology Correlation Burkina Faso

Modeling the Impact of Desert Aerosols on the Solar Radiation of a Mini Solar Central.Photovoltaic (PV)

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Energy and Power Engineering 2021年第7期13卷 261-271页

作者： Wend Dolean Arsène Ilboudo Issaka Ouedraogo windé Nongué Daniel Koumbem Pèlèga Florent Kieno Département Energie Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This work focuses on modeling the impact of desert aerosols on a mini central.solar photovoltaic (PV). Our studied physical.model is comparable to a multilayer. We have described and discretized the mathematical.equations which govern the physical.model. al.o, we anal.zed the influence of the parameters τa and X on the solar radiation received at the surface of solar PV modules. The results of the study taken from Figures 6(a)-(d) representing the variations of the global solar radiation on the solstices and equinoxes as well as the 21 of the months of the year days understood show that: if τa = 0 and X = 0, IC = 67.87%;if τa = 0.5 and X

Numerical.modeling of bedload and suspended load contributions to morphological.evolution of the Seine Estuary(France)

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International.Journal.of Sediment Research 2021年第6期36卷 723-735页

作者： Baptiste Mengual.Pierre Le Hir Aurélie Rivier Matthieu Caillaud Florent Grasso IFREMER DYNECO/DHYSED Laboratory Centre de Bretagne UMR 7266 LIENSs CNRS-La Rochelle University IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de S?reté Nucléaire) PRP-ENV/SERIS/LRC Laboratory

This numerical.modeling study(i) assesses the influence of the sediment erosion process on the sediment dynamics and subsequent morphological.changes of a mixed-sediment environment, the macrotidal.Seine estuary, when non-cohesive particles are dominant within bed mixtures(non-cohesive regime), and(ii) investigates respective contributions of bedload and suspended load in these dynamics.A three dimensional.3 D) process-based morphodynamic model was set up and run under real.stic forcings(including tide, waves, wind, and river discharge) during a 1-year period. Applying erosion homogeneously to bed sediment in the non-cohesive regime, i.e., average erosion parameters in the erosion law(especial.y the erodibility parameter, E0), leads to higher resuspension of fine sediment due to the presence of coarser fractions within mixtures, compared to the case of an independent treatment of erosion for each sediment class. This results in more pronounced horizontal.sediment flux(two-fold increase for sand, +30% for mud) and erosion/deposition patterns(up to a two-fold increase in erosion over shoal., general.y associated with some coarsening of bed sediment). Compared to observed bathymetric changes, more relevant erosion/deposition patterns are derived from the model when independent resuspension fluxes are considered in the non-cohesive regime. These results suggest that this kind of approach may be more relevant when local.grain-size distributions become heterogeneous and multimodal.for non-cohesive particles. Bedload transport appears to be a non-dominant but significant contributor to the sediment dynamics of the Seine Estuary mouth. The residual.bedload flux represents, on average, between 17 and 38% of the suspended sand flux, its contribution general.y increasing when bed sediment becomes coarser(can become dominant at specific locations). The average orientation of residual.fluxes and erosion/deposition patterns caused by bedload general.y follow those resulting from

关键词： Non-cohesive sand-mud mixtures Erosion Suspended sediment transport Bedload transport Morphodynamics Seine Estuary