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Floristic composition and edaphic relationships in ferruginous campo rupestre reference ecosystems

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 719-733页

作者： G.Wilson FeRNANDeS Letícia RAMOS Dario C.PAIVA Jéssica CUNHA-BLUM Vanessa Matos GOMeS Daniel NeGReIROS ecologia evolutiva&Biodiversidade Departamento de GenéticaEcologia e Evolução/ICBUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Knowledge Center for Biodiversity 31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Department of Biological Sciences Institute of EnvironmentFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade e Uso dos recursos naturais Universidade Estadual de Montes ClarosMontes ClarosMGBrazil Laboratório de estudo das Relações Solo-Planta Departamento de SolosUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRGBrazil

Land use change and occupation have led to modifications in the environment causing loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services throughout the *** environments with high economic relevance,such as the ferruginous campo rupestre(rupestrian grassland known as Canga in Brazil),are even more susceptible to severe impacts due to their extreme habitat conditions and low *** determination of reference ecosystems based on the intrinsic characteristics of the ecosystem is essential for conservation as well as to the implementation of ecological *** proposed the reference ecosystem of the three main types of habitats of the ferruginous campo rupestre based on their floristic *** described the floristic composition of each habitat and evaluated the physicochemical properties of the soils and the relationship between plants and *** three habitats showed high diversity of plant species and many endemic species,such as Chamaecrista choriophylla,Cuphea pseudovaccinium,Lychnophora pinaster,and Vellozia *** distribution of vegetation was strongly related with the edaphic characteristics,with a set of species more adapted to high concentration of base saturation,fine sand,organic carbon,and iron,while another set of species succeeded in more acidic soils with higher S and silt *** provide support for the contention that the ferruginous campo rupestre is a mosaic of different habitats shaped by intrinsic local *** to recognize the floristic composition of each particular habitat can lead to inappropriate restoration,increased habitat homogenization and increased loss of biodiversity and ecosystem *** study also advances the knowledge base for building the reference ecosystem for the different types of ferruginous campo rupestre habitats,as well as a key database for highlighting those species contribute most to community assembly in this diverse and threatened tropical mountain ecosystem.

关键词： Canga ecological restoration extreme ecosystem Non-forest ecosystems Rupestrian grassland Taxon environment relationships

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experimental evidence of pressure effects on spinel dissolution and peridotite serpentinization kinetics under shallow hydrothermal conditions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 236-250页

作者： Yuri de Melo Portella Rommulo Vieira Conceição Tiago Abreu Siqueira Lucas Bonan Gomes Rodrigo Sebastian Iglesias Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências(PPGGeO) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil Petrobras–Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. Avenida Henrique Valadares 28CentroRio de Janeiro(RJ)20231-030Brazil Instituto do Petróleo e dos recursos naturais-PUCRS–Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900Porto AlegreBrazil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Instituto de GeociênciasLaboratório de Difratometria de Raios XPorto AlegreBrazil escola Politécnica–PUCRS-Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900 Porto AlegreBrazil

Serpentinization reactions are paramount to understand hydro-geothermal activity near plate boundaries and mafic–ultramafic massifs,as well as fluid and element transfer between the earth’s mantle and ***,fluid-rock element exchange and serpentinization kinetics under shallow hydrothermal conditions is still largely *** we present two constant temperature(230℃)time-series of natural peridotite(77.5%olivine;13.7%enstatite;6.8%diopside;2%spinel)serpentinization experiments:at 13.4 MPa;and 20.7 ***-enriched lizardite was the main secondary mineral in all runs after olivine(olv)and orthopyroxene(opx)serpentinization(without any detectable brucite,talc or magnetite),while primary spinel and diopside partially dissolved during the *** serpentinization stages comprises intrinsically coupled reactions between olivine and enstatite,as Al and Si are progressively transferred from orthopyroxene-derived to olivine-derived serpentine,while the opposite is true for Mg and Fe,with homogenization of serpentines compositions after 40 *** Ni/Cr ratios of serpentines,however,remain diagnostic of the respective primary *** average serpentine content indicates fast serpentinization rates of 0.55 wt.%·day^(-1)(0.26 mmol·day^(-1))and 0.26 wt.%·day^(-1)(0.13 mmol·day^(-1))at 13.4 and 20.7 MPa,*** 2x faster serpentinization kinetics at lower pressure is likely linked to enhanced spinel dissolution leading to one order of magnitude higher available Al,which accelerates olivine serpentinization while delays orthopyroxene ***,time-dependent increase in solid products masses suggests rock volume expands linearly 0.37%±0.01%per serpentine wt.%independently of *** balance constrains suggests olv:opx react at~5:2 and~3:2 M ratios,resulting in Si-deficient and Si-saturated serpentines at the end of the low-pressure series(13.4 MPa)and high-pressure series(20.7 MPa),***

关键词： Serpentine Volume expansion Serpentinization fluids Lost City hydrothermal field Serpentinite-hosted hydrothermal systems Hydrogen(H_(2))generation

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Nest site selection and reproductive parameters of the threatened Atlantic Royal Flycatcher(Onychorhynchus swainsoni)and their significance for conservation

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Avian Research 2021年第1期12卷 63-75页

作者： Daniel F.Perrella Paulo V.Q.Zima Mercival R.Francisco Programa de Pós-Graduacao em ecologia e recursos naturais Universidade Federal de SaCarlosWashington Luiz km 235SaCarlos 13565-905Brazil Departamento de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Federal de SaCarlosRod.Joao Leme dos Santos km 110Sorocaba 18052-780Brazil

Background:Patterns of rarity can be explained by reproductive rates,levels of endemism,and habitat specificity,and knowledge on these parameters is important to understand the levels of vulnerability of each species and to formulate conservation ***,we studied nest-site selection and breeding biology of the Atlantic Royal Flycatcher(Onychorhynchus swainsoni),a poorly known vulnerable bird endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic ***:We addressed nest site selection in three different levels:first,we searched for nests near and far from water to investigate whether birds could select water proximities to construct nests;second,we examined if they could select certain streams in detriment of others,and we analyzed the characteristics of used and non-used streams,and third,in streams in which nests were found,we addressed nest site selectivity by comparing a number of parameters between nest sites and random ***,we provide information on breeding biology parameters related to annual ***:During five breeding seasons,we found 23 nests in a well-preserved forest *** of the nests were constructed above water,and they were found in streams that were about 4 m in width,instead of smaller streams with about 1.5 m in *** analyses revealed that within the used streams,nests were constructed in sites with lower vegetation density in relation to random points,while stream width,water speed,and canopy cover presented no significant *** Royal Flycatchers in our study had a 22-day incubation period and 24 to 27-day nestling *** nest survival was comparatively high(62%),but clutch size was small(N=2 eggs)and Along the nesting streams,we found an average of 1.62±0.07 breeding pairs/***:These data suggest that nesting habitat specificity and low annual fecundity are among the factors contributing to the rarity of the Atlantic Royal Flycatcher in large forest continuums and to its absenc

关键词： Atlantic Forest Birds Breeding biology Daily survival rate endangered species Specialized bird species

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Piezometric Behavior in the Amazonian Lateritic Plateaus:Implications of Climate Changes to the Recharge of the Alter do Chao Aquifer System

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第2期12卷 102-119页

作者： Julio Henrichs de Azevedo Jose eloi Guimaraes Campos Andre Walczuk Gomes Institute of Geosciences Universidade de BrasiliaCampus Darcy RibeiroBrasiliaBrazil Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos recursos naturais Renovaveis SCEN Trecho 2—Edificio SedeBrasiliaBrazil

Potentiometric and pluviometric datasets were evaluated to understand the behavior of aquifer recharge in the bauxite plateaus in the Porto Trombetas region, Pará, Northern Brazil. The datasets are originated from three monitoring wells and an automatic climatological station. The local groundwater is related to the Alter do Chao Aquifer System, which despite being unconfined in valley regions, is semiconfined in the plateaus areas. The aquifer recharge occurs by direct infiltration and by leakage from the aquitard in the unconfined and semiconfined portions, respectively. Precipitation declined by 27% between 2002 and 2017. The rains accumulated between February and April are the most important for the recharge processes since this period is marked by higher absolute precipitation (up to 300 mm/month) and less deviation from the historical pattern. The recharge measured by the annual fluctuation of the water table also declined significantly in the 2010-2016 period. Statistical analysis demonstrates that in the case of a permanent climate change, expressed by rainfall reducing, the aquifer recharge would diminish at a non-linear rate, which is also expected for the base flow rates. In addition, data evaluation reveals that deforestation intensely decreases the recharge rates, as observed in the Aviso Plateau mining site. The results demonstrate that the water table fluctuations must be considered when modeling Global Climate Changes since the maintenance of surface flow rates (springs, lakes and streams) depends on aquifers baseflow. The result of the statistical analysis can be also applied to regions where climate patterns are strong seasonal, as the Savannah of Central Brazil.

关键词： Groundwater Alter do Chao Aquifer System Amazon Region Climate Change

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High-pressure metamorphic rocks in the Borborema Province, Northeast Brazil: Reworking of Archean oceanic crust during proterozoic orogenies

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2221-2242页

作者： Alanielson da Câmara Dantas Ferreira elton Luiz Dantas Ticiano JoséSaraiva dos Santos Reinhardt A.Fuck Mahyra Tedeschi Instituto de Geociências Universidade de Brasília(UnB)70910-900Brasília-DFBrazil Instituto de Geociências Universidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP)Departamento de Geologia e Recursos Naturais13083-970Campinas-SPBrazil Instituto de Geoci^encias Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais(UFMG)31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil

We present the first evidence of Archean oceanic crust submitted to Proterozoic high-pressure(HP)metamorphism in the South American ***-Nd and Lu-Hf isotopic data combined with U-Pb geochronological data from the Campo Grande area,Rio Grande do Norte domain,in the Northern Borborema Province,reflect a complex Archean(2.9 Ga and 2.6 Ga)and Paleoproterozoic(2.0 Ga)evolution,culminating in the Neoproterozoic Brasiliano/Pan-African orogeny(ca.600 Ma).The preserved mafic rocks contain massive poikiloblastic garnet and granoblastic amphibole with variable proportions of plagioclase+diopside in symplectitic texture,typical of high-pressure *** clinopyroxene-garnet amphibolites and the more common garnet amphibolites from the Campo Grande area are exposed as rare lenses within an Archean migmatite *** amphibolite lenses represent 2.65 Ga juvenile tholeiitic magmatism derived from depleted mantle sources(positive values of+3.81 to+30.66)later enriched by mantle metasomatism(negative εNd(t)values of-7.97).Chondrite and Primitive Mantle-normalized Ree of analyzed samples and discriminant diagrams define two different oceanic affinities,with e-MORB and OIB *** eu anomalies(eu/eu*=0.75-0.95)indicate depletion of plagioclase in the *** zircon cores of 3.0-2.9 Ga in analyzed samples indicate that the Neoarchean tholeiitic magmatism was emplaced into 2923±14 Ma old Mesoarchean crust(εNd(t)--2.58 and Nd TDM=3.2 Ga)of the Rio Grande do Norte *** age of retro-eclogite facies metamorphism is not yet completely *** suggest that two high-grade metamorphic events are recognized in the mafic rocks:the first at 2.0 Ga,recorded in some samples,and the second,at ca.600 Ma,stronger and more pervasive and recorded in several of the mafic rock *** Neoproterozoic zircon grains are found in symplectite texture as inclusions in the garnet grains and represent the age of HP conditions in the *** zircon grains show a

关键词： Archean oceanic crust Proterozoic orogens Borborema province

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Characterization and Potential evaluation of Residues from the Sugarcane Industry of Rio Grande do Sul in Biorefinery Processes

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Natural Resources 2018年第5期9卷 175-187页

作者： Grazielle Machado Fernando Santos Douglas Faria Taiane Nunes de Queiroz Fl&aacute via Zinani Jos&eacute Humberto de Queiroz Fernando Gomes Instituto do Petr&oacute leo e dos recursos naturais Pontif&iacute cia Universidade Cat&oacute lica do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Centro de estudos em Biorrefinaria Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil escola Polit&eacute cnica Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos S&amp amp o leopoldo Brazil Departamento de Bioqu&iacute mica e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal de Vi&amp amp osa Vi&amp amp osa Brazil Instituto de Florestas Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Serop&eacute dica Brazil

Brazil is the world largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) leading to a great generation of residues such as bagasse and straw, which represent two thirds of sugarcane energetic potential. Regarding these residues energetic potential, it is interesting to study their application in biorefinery processes. Thus, this work aimed at performing a chemical characterization of sugarcane straw and bagasse from RB867515 cultivar grown in Rio Grande do Sul-Brazil aiming at their use as feedstock in biorefinery processes. The obtained results were compared to data from other states and it was possible to conclude that edaphoclimatic conditions of Rio Grande do Sul have little influence in sugarcane residues chemical composition. Sugarcane bagasse presents larger potential for energetic use because of its volatiles content (74.82%) slightly higher than straw (68.90%), besides its high lignin content (21.85%) and higher calorific value (18.70 MJ/kg). Both sugarcane residues produced in Rio Grande do Sul have potential use as substrate in the obtainment of high value-added products from their cellulosic fractions (41.30% and 37.25%, respectively). The evaluation of energetic and chemical potential of sugarcane bagasse and straw produced in Rio Grande do Sul leads to the conclusion that these materials have high potential for use as feedstock in biorefineries.

关键词： Saccharum officinarum Straw Bagasse Biomass

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Secondary Metabolites of the Genus Trichilia:Contribution to the Chemistry of Meliaceae Family

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第2期5卷 91-121页

作者： Ivo J.Curcino Vieira Wagner da Silva Terra Milena dos Santos Goncalves Raimundo Braz-Filho Laboratório de Química de Produtos naturais(LCQUI)-CCT—Universidade estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro Campos dos Goytacazes CityRio de JaneiroBrazil

According to the literature data on the chemical composition of the Trichilia genus performed in this work, it can be concluded that 334 different compounds were isolated and identified, distributed in monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, steroids, limonoids, coumarins, flavonoids, lignans, phenolic acids, amino acids and lactones. Together with the structures of this compound, data from botanical classification and pharmaco-logical results from extracts and pure compounds on the Trichilia genus were also described. The compounds derived from terpenes pathway were more significant, corresponding to about 87.7% of isolated and identified compounds from various Trichilia species. Among the different terpenoid skeletons of this kind, limonoids were meanly reported, appearing a total of 33.9% of compounds isolated from several Trichilia species.

关键词： Meliaceae Trichilia Species Botanic Aspects Taxonomical Classification Pharmacology Data Chemical Structures of Constituents

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More erratic and More extreme: Trends in Precipitation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

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American Journal of Climate Change 2023年第1期12卷 140-171页

作者： Lucí Hidalgo Nunes Guilherme Henrique Gabriel Jose A. Marengo Universidade do estado do Rio de Janeiro (UeRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brasil Universidade estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) São Paulo Brasil Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres naturais (CeMADeN) São José dos Campos Brazil

The study assessed changes in rainfall variability and the frequency of extreme events (very wet and very dry) in the state of S?o Paulo, Brazil, for a 40-year period that divided into two sub-groups: 1973-1992 (P1) and 1993-2012 (P2). Data of 79 rain gauge stations were selected to represent the different climatic and geomorphological domains of the state. The annual pattern was evaluated through the scale and the shape parameters of the gamma distribution and the 95th and the 5th percentiles thresholds, the latter also employed to evaluate the seasonal spatial patterns (rainy season, Oct.-Mar. and sub-humid to dry season, Apr.-Sep.). Results showed that the average precipitation was similar in P1 and P2, but S?o Paulo evolved to a pattern of increased irregularity in the rainfall distribution, with a rise of approximately 10% in the number of extremes between 1973 and 2012, especially in the very dry occurrences, and in the north and west of the state, which are the least rainy regions. Moreover, while 55% of the evaluated rain gauges recorded more extreme wet episodes in P2, 76% registered more dry extreme episodes in the same period. Some very dry or very wet events recorded after the 40-year period evaluated were discussed in terms of the associated weather patterns and their impacts on society and attested to the validity of the results found in the quantitative assessment. The qualitative analysis indicates that if the trends of more irregular distribution of rain and increase in extreme events persist, as pointed out by the gamma and percentile analyses, they would continue to bring serious effects on the natural and social systems in the state, which is the most populous and has the strongest and most diversified economy in Brazil.

关键词： Rainfall extremes São Paulo Gamma Distribution Percentiles Impacts

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Clusia nemorosa的叶提取物通过肾上腺素系统依赖机制对大鼠的镇痛作用(英文)

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中国天然药物 2013年第4期11卷 385-390页

作者： Jamylle Nunes de Souza Ferro Juliane Pereira da Silva Lucia Maria Conserva emiliano Barreto Laboratório de Biologia Celular Universidade Federal de AlagoasMaceió 57072-970ALBrazil Laboratório de Pesquisa em Química dos Produtos naturais Universidade Federal de AlagoasMaceió 57072-970ALBrazil

Previous studies on the genus Clusia have shown anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects of the leaf extracts,but its antinociceptive activity has never been *** the present study,the antinociceptive activity of the hexane extract of the leaves of Clusia nemorosa ***,called HeCn,was *** activity was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing,formalin,and hot-plate *** experiments were carried out on male Swiss *** extract(1 400 mg kg 1),given by intraperitoneal route(i.p.) 1 h prior to testing,produced a dose-dependent inhibition on the number of abdominal writhings,with an ID50 of 62 mg kg *** addition,HeCn was able to prevent the visceral pain induced by acetic acid in mice for at least 2 *** the formalin test,HeCn had no effect in the first phase,but produced an analgesic effect on the second phase with the inhibition of licking *** HeCn did not show a significant analgesic effect in the hot plate *** with yohimbine attenuated the antinociceptive effect induced by HeCn in the writhing ***,naloxone,atropine,or haloperidol did not affect antinociception induced by HeCn in the writhing ***,these results indicate that the extract from the leaves of Clusia nemorosa produces antinociception in models of chemical pain through mechanisms that suggest participation of the adrenergic systems pathway.

关键词：实验药理学药理病理作用天然药物

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Mitochondrial Activity and Cell Damage after Application of Acmella oleracea Leaf extract

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第17期7卷 2498-2504页

作者： Carlos Augusto Priante da Silva Cristina Pacheco Soares Walderez Moreira Joaquim Renato Farina Menegon Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IP & D) Laboratório de Dinamica de Compartimentos Celulares Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (Univap) Sao José dos Campos Brazil Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IP & D) Laboratório de Fotoacústica Aplicada a Sistemas Biológicos Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (Univap) Sao José dos Campos Brazil Laboratório de Insumos naturais e Sintéticos Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (Unifesp) Diadema Brazil

Acmella oleracea is a plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family, native to the Amazon that has broad therapeutic and culinary use. Several secondary metabolites and your bioactive component spilanthol have been associated with its medicinal effects. This study aims to evaluate the leaf extract of A. oleracea for therapeutic purposes. When applied to both cell cultures Hep-2 neoplastic cells and L929 fibroblast cells, the increasing extract concentrations yielded a significant reduction in cell viability using ANOVA test with Significance of P ≤ 0.05 (*), Very Significant P ≤ 0.01 (***) and extremely Significant P ≤ 0.001 (****), causing visible damage to cytoskeleton actin filaments. The cytotoxicity of the A. oleracea leaf extract may be associated with other components, including flavonoids. Thus, A. oleracea has a great cytotoxic activity on tumoral cells and can be considered for future antitumor therapy. However, because of its toxicity to non-tumoral cells, it is essential to evaluate the efficacy of each extract sub-fraction compound, alerting the population for the traditional use of the plant that can cause damage for the consumer.

关键词： Acmella oleracea Jambú Cytoskeleton Nuclei Cytotoxicity

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