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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 71-78页

作者： Song He Li Li Sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT) left undetermined. At specific baryon chemical potential, the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon asymmetry. It, therefore, provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs) within the standard model of particle physics. If these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA) observations, the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained, and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

Brain age estimation:premise,promise,and problems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2313-2314页

作者： Jarrad Perron Ji Hyun Ko Graduate program in Biomedical Engineering Price Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada PrairieNeuro Research Centre Kleysen Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Sciences CentreWinnipegMBCanada Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science Rady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada

Premise:The com bined effects of modern healthcare practices which prolong lifespan and declining birthrates have created unprecedented changes in age demographics worldwide that are especially pronounced in Japan,South Korea,Europe,and North *** old age is the most significant predictor of dementia,global healthcare systems must rise to the challenge of providing care for those with neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： estimation providing birth

Sky location of massive black hole binaries in the foreground of Galactic white dwarf binaries

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 97-108页

作者： Pan Guo Hong-Bo Jin Cong-Feng Qiao Yue-Liang Wu The International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific University of Chinese Academy of Sciences The School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

For space-based gravitational wave （GW） detection,the main noise source for massive black hole binaries （MBHBs） is attributed to approximately 10～7double white dwarf binaries in the *** a GW source,the amplitude of the detector response,recorded by a space-based gravitational wave detector,exhibits a modulation effect with a year period when observing the source from various orbital *** the adverse conditions mentioned above,where there is a strong foreground noise and annual modulation in the signals,we employed the wavelet transform and the strong-amplitude relevant orbital position search methods,which allows the weak MBHB sources to achieve higher locating *** detail,for two MBHB sources of lower intensity,the precision of luminosity distance,represented by the ratio ?DL/DLat the 95%confidence level,is enhanced by factors of ～*** angular resolutions,denoted by??s,are enhanced by a factor of ～*** improvements increase the number of detectable GW sources,facilitate multi-messenger follow-up observations and provide constraints on the cosmological constant.

关键词： space-based gravitational wave detection gravitational waves massive black hole binaries

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher J.O’Connell Matthew J.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Silk damping in scalar-induced gravitational waves: a novel probe for new physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 79-85页

作者： Yan-Heng Yu Sai Wang Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Silk damping is well known in the study of cosmic microwave background（CMB） and accounts for suppression of the angular power spectrum of CMB on large angular multipoles. In this article, we study the effect of Silk damping on the scalar-induced gravitational waves（SIGWs）. Resulting from the dissipation of cosmic fluid, the Silk damping notably suppresses the energydensity spectrum of SIGWs on scales comparable to a diffusion scale at the decoupling time of weakly-interacting particles. The effect offers a novel observable for probing the underlying particle interaction, especially for those mediated by heavy gauge bosons beyond the standard model of particles. We anticipate that pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to gauge bosons with mass ～10～3-10～4 GeV, while space-and ground-based interferometers to those with mass ～10～7-1012GeV, leading to essential complements to on-going and future experiments of high-energy physics.

关键词： scalar-induced gravitational waves Silk damping new physics

Proteostasis failure:at the intersection between aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3221-3222页

作者： Natalia Poblete Claudio Hetz Center for Geroscience Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile Biomedical Neuroscience Institute Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile program of Cellular and Molecular Biology Institute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCAUSA

Lifestyle and demographics of the world's population are causing serious health problems impacting the brain,increasing the incidence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)and other types of *** we have gained important insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of AD,only palliative care is available to *** is characterized by the abnormal deposition of protein aggregates in the brain formed by amyloid β and hyper-phosphorylated,Tau in addition to neuroinflammation.

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid stasis

Interconnections between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy:diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu Faith Teo En Ning Chang Liu Yu-Chi Liu Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual sciences Academic Clinical program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

Optimizing the key parameter to accelerate the recovery of AMOC under a rapid increase of greenhouse gas forcing

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 39-45页

作者： Haolan Ren Fei Zheng Tingwei Cao Qiang Wang International Center for Climate and Environment Science(ICCES) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences BeijingChina College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences and Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)QingdaoChina

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC)plays a central role in long-term climate variations through its heat and freshwater transports,which can collapse under a rapid increase of greenhouse gas forcing in climate *** studies have suggested that the deviation of model parameters is one of the major factors in inducing inaccurate AMOC *** this work,with a low-resolution earth system model,the authors try to explore whether a reasonable adjustment of the key model parameter can help to re-establish the AMOC after its *** a new optimization strategy,the extra freshwater flux(FWF)parameter is determined to be the dominant one affecting the AMOC’s *** traditional ensemble optimal interpolation(EnOI)data assimilation and new machine learning methods are adopted to optimize the FWF parameter in an abrupt 4×CO_(2) forcing experiment to improve the adaptability of model parameters and accelerate the recovery of *** results show that,under an abrupt 4×CO_(2) forcing in millennial simulations,the AMOC will first collapse and then re-establish by the default FWF parameter ***,during the parameter adjustment process,the saltier and colder sea water over the North Atlantic region are the dominant factors in usefully improving the adaptability of the FWF parameter and accelerating the recovery of AMOC,according to their physical relationship with FWF on the interdecadal timescale.

关键词： Recovery of AMOC 4×CO_(2)forcing Key parameter Parameter estimation Data assimilation Machine learning

Joint Probabilistic Scheduling and Resource Allocation for Wireless Networked Control Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期 258-260页

作者： Meng Zheng Lei Zhang Wei Liang IEEE the State Key Laboratory of Robotics and the Key Laboratory of Networked Control Systems Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences the University of Chinese Academy of sciences

Dear Editor,This letter presents a joint probabilistic scheduling and resource allocation method(PSRA) for 5G-based wireless networked control systems(WNCSs). As a control-aware optimization method, PSRA minimizes the linear quadratic Gaussian(LQG) control cost of WNCSs by optimizing the activation probability of subsystems, the number of uplink repetitions, and the durations of uplink and downlink phases. Simulation results show that PSRA achieves smaller LQG control costs than existing works.

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