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Detection of onset of agglomeration in a bubbling fluidized bed biomass combustor using reactive Eulerian computational fluid dynamics

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 504-515页

作者： Abdullah Tasleem Atta Ullah Fei Li Qun Yi William Nimmo Syed Sheraz Daood Department of chemical engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Lehtrar RoadP.O.Nilore45650IslamabadPakistan institute of Process engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of chemical engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China Energy engineering Group Energy 2050Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS37RDUnited Kingdom institute of Energy and Environmental engineering Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Energy engineering Research and Development Centre Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan

The choice of a type of combustion technology to be used for heat or power generation depends on economic,technical,operational and fuel availability *** benefits associated with the evolving market driven by the fluidised bed combustion(FBC)technology cannot be overlooked especially when gauged at 65 GWth of worldwide installed capacity alongside added benefits of handling fuel variation,low pollutant emissions and high combustion *** or biomass waste will continue to have a vital role to play in the future FBC technology-based power *** often contains high levels of inorganic species that can form sticky agglomerates posing a significant risk to boiler operation resulting in unscheduled *** added complexity of the behaviour of the fuel and bed material mix highlights the requirement for simulation models to identify agglomeration to help improve the overall performance and reliability of FBC *** resolve this problem,this research devised a simulation strategy for the detection of agglomeration using the Eulerian–Eulerian *** developed modelling strategy is validated with the experimental data available in literature for two-dimensional simplified geometry of a pilot-scale fluidised bed *** model results were found promising and robust to predict bed defluidisation times and other parameters consistent with the experimental data.

关键词： Fluidized bed combustion Eulerian Models Biomass Agglomeration Defluidisation

Janus mesoporous nanoparticles enable building biological logic systems

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 316-318页

作者： Haitao Li Jian Liu State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China College of Chemistry and chemical engineering Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

This highlight is inspired by a recent article in Nature Chemistry[1],in which Zhao and co-workers from Fudan University developed an innovative emulsion-orientated anisotropic assembly method for the controllable fabrication of MSN&mPDA(mesoporous silica nanoparticles=MSN,mesoporous polydopamine=mPDA)Janus mesoporous nanoparticles and used them to build biological logic *** reported Janus mesoporous nanoparticles have delicate structures and are well-controlled,and the authors also demonstrated the unique performance of this material at the application end.

关键词： enable emulsion silica

Recent advances in Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2891-2912页

作者： Zhi-Qi Jiang Cheng-Zhen Fan Jun-Yu Pan Li Shao Hao Chen Erum Pervaiz Yan Dong Tong-Zhou Wang Xue-Rong Zheng Ji-Hong Li Yi-Da Deng School of Materials Science and engineering Hainan University Department of chemical engineering School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME)National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University

Oxygen evolution reaction(OER) is a kinetically harsh four-electron anode reaction that requires a large overpotential to provide current and is of great importance in renewable electrochemical ***/Rubased perovskite oxides hold great significance for application as OER electrocatalysts,due to that their multimetal-oxide forms can reduce the use of noble metals,and their compositional tunability can modulate the electronic structure and optimize OER ***,high operating potentials and corrosive environments pose a serious challenge to the development of durable Ir-based and Ru-based perovskite *** efforts have been dedicated to improving the Ir/Ru-based perovskite activity to enhance the efficiency;however,progress in improving the durability of Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts has been rather *** this review,the recent research progress of Ir/Ru-based perovskites is reviewed from the perspective of heteroatom doping,structural modulation,and formation of *** dissolution mechanism studies of Ir/Ru and experimental attempts to improve the durability of Ir/Ru-based perovskite electrocatalysts are *** and outlooks for further developing Ru-and Irbased perovskite oxygen electrocatalysts are also presented.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Ir/Ru-based perovskites Stability Electrocatalysts

Multifunction-oriented high-mobility polymer semiconductors

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 16-19页

作者： Mingliang Zhu Yunlong Guo Yunqi Liu Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular sciences Organic Solids Laboratory Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of chemical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The discovery of conductive polyacetylene has initiated interdisciplinary research into condensed matter physics and synthetic chemistry in organic electronics. Unlike their inorganic and small-molecule counterparts, polymer semiconductors possess the inherent advantages of facile solution processing,large-area manufacturing, excellent mechanical strength and intrinsic flexibility.

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Construction of Naphthalenediimide Lanthanide(Ⅲ)-MOFs and Composites Incorporated Electron-Rich Pyrene Derivative as Multifunctional Fluorescence Sensing for Nitro Aromatic Compounds and Aldehydes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 283-293页

作者： Rong Huo Ting Zhang Guang Zeng Chen Wang Yong Heng Xing Feng Ying Bai College of Chemistry and chemical engineering Liaoning Normal UniversityDalianLiaoning116029 China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoning116023 China

The development of host-guest MOF luminescent composites has attracted considerable attention. However,it is still a challenge to reasonably design large scale conjugated polycarboxylic acids metal-organic framework (MOF) and modulate donor-acceptor interaction. Herein,a series of isostructural 3D porous lanthanide MOF [Ln_(2)(BINDI)0.5(NO_(3))(DMA)(H_(2)O)]∙DMA∙2.5H_(2)O (Ln = La (1),Ce (2),Pr (3) and Nd (4);H_(4)BINDI (N,N’-bis(5-isophthalic acid)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenediimide) were synthesized. Considering the electron-deficient performances of Ln-BINDI MOFs,D-A type composites Ln-MOFs (1—4@H_(4)TBAPy) were prepared via the incorporation of electron-rich H_(4)TBAPy (1,3,6,8-tetrakis(p-benzoic acid) pyrene),which more improved the luminescence performance of complexes 1—4 and can be used as fluorescence sensors for the detection of nitro compounds and aldehydes. High sensitivity of 1@H_(4)TBAPy towards pNBA,pNA PNP,DNP,and TNP could be achieved through hydrogen bond interactions between MOF and analytes,as well as the π-π interaction between H_(4)TBAPy and the naphthalene ring of BINDI,thus the fluorescence quenching efficiency of 1@H_(4)TBAPy was better than that of the complex 1. In addition,it is found that 1@H_(4)TBAPy has high selectivity and sensitivity to aromatic aldehyde SA,5-Mesal and HMBA. Such strategy to enhance the emission of NDI based Ln-BINDI MOFs,will open up an avenue to obtain more fluorescent MOFs for sensing.

关键词： Ln-MOF Pyrene molecule NACs Aldehydes Fluorescence sensing Carboxylate ligands Charge transfer Donor-acceptor systems

Neuronal conversion from glia to replenish the lost neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1446-1453页

作者： Shiyu Liang Jing Zhou Xiaolin Yu Shuai Lu Ruitian Liu National Key Laboratory of Biochemical engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of chemical engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Geriatric Rehabilitation Beijing Rehabilitation HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Neuronal injury,aging,and cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases such as cerebral infarction,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease are characte rized by significant neuronal *** rtunately,the neurons of most mammals including humans do not possess the ability to *** of lost neurons becomes an appealing therapeutic strategy to reve rse the disease *** of pluripotent neural stem cells can supplement the missing neurons in the brain,but it carries the risk of causing gene mutation,tumorigenesis,severe inflammation,and obstructive hydrocephalus induced by brain *** of neural or non-neural lineage cells into functional neurons is a promising strategy for the diseases involving neuron loss,which may overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of neural stem cell *** far,many strategies to transfo rm astrocytes,fibroblasts,microglia,Muller glia,NG2 cells,and other glial cells to mature and functional neurons,or for the conversion between neuronal subtypes have been developed thro ugh the regulation of transcription factors,polypyrimidine tra ct binding protein 1(PTBP1),and small chemical molecules or are based on a combination of several factors and the location in the central nervous ***,some recent papers did not obtain expected results,and discrepancies ***,in this review,we discuss the history of neuronal transdifferentiation,summarize the strategies for neuronal replenishment and conversion from glia,especially astrocytes,and point out that biosafety,new strategies,and the accurate origin of the truly co nverted neurons in vivo should be focused upon in future *** also arises the attention of replenishing the lost neurons from glia by gene therapies such as up-regulation of some transc ription factors or downregulation of PTBP1 or drug interfe rence therapies.

关键词： astrocytes neural stem cells neurodegenerative diseases neuron polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 repair reprogramming small molecule transcription factor transdifferentiation

Synthesis of spherical nano-ZSM-5 zeolite with intergranular mesoporous for alkylation of ethylbenzene with ethanol to produce m-diethylbenzene

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Chinese Journal of chemical engineering 2024年第3期67卷 298-309页

作者： Siyue Wang Jinhong Li Qingxin Xu Shengjie Song Yu'ni Jiang Lidong Chen Xin Shi Weiguo Cheng Faculty of Chemistry and chemical engineering Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 110629China Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Catalytic synthesis of m-diethylbenzene(m-DEB)through alkylation of ethylbenzene(EB)may be a promising alternative route in comparison with traditional rectification of mixed DEB,for which the top priority is to develop efficient and stable heterogeneous ***,the spherical nano-ZSM-5 zeolite with abundant intergranular mesoporous is synthesized by the seed-mediated growth method for alkylation of EB with ethanol to produce *** results show that the spherical nano-ZSM-5 zeolite exhibits better stability and higher alkylation activity at a lower temperature than those of commercial micropore *** then,the spherical nano-ZSM-5 is further modified by La_(2)O_(3) through acid treatment followed by immersion *** acid treatment causes nano-ZSM-5 to exhibit the increased pore size but decreased the acid sites,and subsequent La_(2)O_(3) loading reintroduces the weak acid *** a result,the HNO_(3)-La_(2)O_(3)-modified catalyst exhibits a slight increase in EB conversion and DEB yield in comparison with unmodified one,and meanwhile,it still maintains high m-DEB *** catalyst after acid treatment achieves higher catalytic stability besides maintaining the high alkylation activity of EB with *** present study on the spherical nano-HZSM-5 zeolite and its modification catalyst with excellent alkylation ability provides new insights into the production of mDEB.

关键词： Zeolite Modification Alkylation reaction m-diethylbenzene Catalyst Fixed-bed

Enhanced direct gaseous CO_(2) fixation into higher bio-succinic acid production and selectivity

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第9期143卷 164-175页

作者： Ziyi Yang Wanling Wu Qing Zhao Irini Angelidaki Samuel Gyebi Arhin Dongliang Hua Yuxiao Zhao Hangyu Sun Guangqing Liu Wen Wang Biomass Energy and Environmental engineering Research Center Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China College of chemical engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Department of chemical and Biochemical Environmental engineering Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800Kgs LyngbyDenmark Energy Research institute Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification TechnologyJinan 250014China

Utilizing CO_(2)for bio-succinic acid production is an attractive approach to achieve carbon capture and recycling(CCR)with simultaneous production of a useful platform *** succinogenes and Basfia succiniciproducens were selected and investigated as microbial ***,the type and concentration of inorganic carbon concentration and glucose concentration were evaluated.6 g C/L MgCO_(3)and 24 g C/L glucose were found to be the optimal basic operational conditions,with succinic acid production and carbon yield of over 30 g/L and over 40%,***,for maximum gaseous CO_(2)fixation,carbonate was replaced with CO_(2)at different ***“less carbonate more CO_(2)”condition of the inorganic carbon source was set as carbonate:CO_(2)=1:9(based on the mass of carbon).This condition presented the highest availability of CO_(2)by well-balanced chemical reaction equilibrium and phase equilibrium,showing the best performance with regarding CO_(2)fixation(about 15 mg C/(L·hr)),with suppressed lactic acid *** to key enzymes analysis,the ratio of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase to lactic dehydrogenase was enhanced at high ratios of gaseous CO_(2),which could promote glucose conversion through the succinic acid *** further increase gaseous CO_(2)fixation and succinic acid production and selectivity,stepwise CO_(2)addition was evaluated.50%-65%increase in inorganic carbon utilization was obtained coupled with 20%-30%increase in succinic acid *** was due to the promotion of the succinic acid branch of the glucose metabolism,while suppressing the pyruvate branch,along with the inhibition on the conversion from glucose to lactic acid.

关键词： Succinic acid CO_(2) fixation Actinobacillus succinogenes Basfia succiniciproducens Lactic acid

Dynamic shielding of bacterial outer membrane vesicles for safe and efficient chemo-immunotherapy against tumors

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 836-847页

作者： Shuping Li Xin Li Jiaqi Meng Weier Bao Shuang Wang Peng Ye Xiao-Dong Gao Wei Wei Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of chemical engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Bacterial outer membrane vesicles(OMVs)are potent immunostimulants of regulating the tumor microenvironment(TME)for immunotherapy,and can be used to deliver ***,the severe systemic inflammatory response triggered by OMVs upon intravenous(i.v.)injection has limited their ***,we developed a safe and effective strategy by conjugating doxorubicin-loaded serum albumin(SA-DOX,AD)onto the surface of OMVs using a matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-cleavable peptide linker(cL).This approach enabled the dynamic shielding of OMVs to reduce the systemic side effects while simultaneously enhancing the anti-tumor effects through ***,the resulting OMV-cL-AD formulation exhibited significantly enhanced accumulation at the tumor site after ***,facilitated by the SA decoration on the OMVs ***,the shield on the OMV-cL-AD was cleaved by the over-expressed MMP in the TME,leading to the release of both OMVs and *** process provided OMV-induced immunotherapy and DOX-induced chemotherapy,resulting in synergistic tumor *** conclusion,our work demonstrated the potential of OMV-cL-AD as an effective immunochemotherapy strategy that can prolong the survival time of mice without inducing side effects.

关键词： outer membrane vesicles doxorubicin tumor microenvironment immunotherapy chemotherapy